Glossary of differential geometry and topology

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a glossary of terms specific to differential geometry and differential topology. The following two glossaries are closely related:

• Glossary of general topology
• Glossary of Riemannian and metric geometry.

See also:

• List of differential geometry topics

Words in italics denote a self-reference to this glossary.

Contents:	Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

[edit] A

Atlas

[edit] B

Bundle, see fiber bundle.

[edit] C

Chart

Cobordism

Codimension. The codimension of a submanifold is the dimension of the ambient space minus the dimension of the submanifold.

Connected sum

Connection

Cotangent bundle, the vector bundle of cotangent spaces on a manifold.

Cotangent space

[edit] D

Diffeomorphism. Given two differentiable manifolds M and N, a bijective map f from M to N is called a diffeomorphism if both and its inverse are smooth functions.

Doubling, given a manifold M with boundary, doubling is taking two copies of M and identifying their boundaries. As the result we get a manifold without boundary.

[edit] E

Embedding

[edit] F

Fiber. In a fiber bundle, π: E → B the preimage π⁻¹(x) of a point x in the base B is called the fiber over x, often denoted E_x.

Fiber bundle

Frame

Frame bundle, the principal bundle of frames on a smooth manifold.

Flow

[edit] G

Genus

[edit] H

Hypersurface. A hypersurface is a submanifold of codimension one.

[edit] I

Immersion

[edit] L

Lens space. A lens space is a quotient of the 3-sphere (or (2n + 1)-sphere) by a free isometric action of Z_k.

[edit] M

Manifold. A topological manifold is a locally Euclidean Hausdorff space. (In Wikipedia, a manifold need not be paracompact or second-countable.) A C^k manifold is a differentiable manifold whose chart overlap functions are k times continuously differentiable. A C^∞ or smooth manifold is a differentiable manifold whose chart overlap functions are infinitely continuously differentiable.

[edit] P

Parallelizable. A smooth manifold is parallelizable if it admits a smooth global frame. This is equivalent to the tangent bundle being trivial.

Principal bundle. A principal bundle is a fiber bundle P → B together with right action on P by a Lie group G that preserves the fibers of P and acts simply transitively on those fibers.

Pullback

[edit] S

Section

Submanifold. A submanifold is the image of a smooth embedding of a manifold.

Submersion

Surface, a two-dimensional manifold or submanifold.

[edit] T

Tangent bundle, the vector bundle of tangent spaces on a differentiable manifold.

Tangent field, a section of the tangent bundle. Also called a vector field.

Tangent space

Torus

Transversality. Two submanifolds M and N intersect transversally if at each point of intersection p their tangent spaces T_p(M) and T_p(N) generate the whole tangent space at p of the total manifold.

Trivialization

[edit] V

Vector bundle, a fiber bundle whose fibers are vector spaces and whose transition functions are linear maps.

Vector field, a section of a vector bundle. More specifically, a vector field can mean a section of the tangent bundle.

[edit] W

Whitney sum. A Whitney sum is an analog of the direct product for vector bundles. Given two vector bundles α and β over the same base B their cartesian product is a vector bundle over B ×B. The diagonal map induces a vector bundle over B called the Whitney sum of these vector bundles and denoted by α⊕β.