Giocangga

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Giocangga (Manchu: ; Chinese: 覺昌安) (d. 1582) was the grandfather of Nurhaci, the man who was to unify the Jurchen peoples and begin building the Manchu state. Both he and his son Taksi went to the aid of Nurhaci's uncle Atai whose city was being besieged by a rival Jurchen cheiftan Nikan Wailan, who promised the governance of the city to whoever would kill Atai, one of Atai's underlings rebelled and murdered him. Both Giocangga and Taksi were originally under the command of the Ming general Li Chengliang who was siding with Nikan Wailan, in the mist of battle Li thought they had mutiny as they were left in the battlefield, they were killed in the aftermath by Nikan Wailan.

In 2005, a study led by a researcher at the British Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute suggested that Giocangga might be the ancestor of over 1.5 million people, mostly in northeastern China and Mongolia. This was attributed to Giocangga's many wives and concubines. It was estimated that the average man in the time of Giocangga would have only 20 offspring as of 2005.