García II of Galicia and Portugal

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García II (c.1040 – c.1090) was the youngest of the three sons and heirs of Ferdinand I, king of Castile and León. He was allotted Galicia in the partition of his father's kingdom and in 1065 proclaimed the independence of the Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal, taking advantage of the internal tension caused by the civil war between Ferdinand's sons (his brothers, Sancho and Alfonso). García thus became the first to use the title King of Portugal, in 1071, when he defeated in the Battle of Pedroso Count Nuno Mendes, last count of Portugal of the House of Vímara Peres. His brothers soon united against him and partitioned his kingdom between them.

In 1072, his kingdom was forcibly reannexed by his brother Sancho and subsequently by Alfonso, who recalled the exiled García from Seville, where he had fled, and put him in a monastery, where he remained until his death sometime around 1090. From that time Galicia remained part of the kingdom of Castile and León, although under differing degrees of self-government. Although it did not last for very long, the kingdom set the stage for future Portuguese nationalism under Henry of Burgundy.