Fukiya

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Fukiya (吹き矢) is the Japanese blowgun. It consists of a 4 foot tube blowgun, with darts around 20cm (eight inches). In Japan, Fukiya is considered as an archery sport, maintained by Japan Sports Fukiya Association. In order to promote Fukiya, the International Fukiya Association (IFA) was formed, based in Japan. The main organizations under the IFA are the American Association (NSBA), and the French Federation (FSBA).

Unlike American style blowgun, Fukiya have no mouthpieces: instead, user wrap their lips around the pipe. The darts used in the Fukiya were called Fukibari. Traditionally, fukibari are two inches.

1 Historical Weapon Use Legacy
2 Science of Fukiya
3 Sport Fukiya
4 Associations
5 References
6 See also

[edit] Historical Weapon Use Legacy

It is often considered as a weapon for ninjas. It is known that, in the past, there are numerous schools of martial arts and ninjutsu (such as Togakure Ryu) practice martial arts using Fukiya and Fukibari alone (as senbon).

There there will always be doubts whether it was truly effective: compare to bow and arrows, since has shorter range. In the hands of experts ("Master" level) can be very accurate, as testified by sport Fukiya players today.

A typical ninja's fukiya is around 50cm, which is shorter than the sport Fukiya, which does affect the effective range. Thus, even in theory, ninjas will have to use special darts with poisoned tips in order for it to work, and fired from a concealed location; it would be even better to fire the fukibari into the enemy's eyes. Most likely, it was used similarly as a shuriken, as a distraction.

The blowgun can also doubles as breathing pipe and straw to enable the ninja practitioner to survive in the wilderness that they operate in.

[edit] Science of Fukiya

The range of a Fukiya is determined by size(diameter), weight, length and material of its basic component -- the tube. Pressure built up in the tube from the player's breath and the technique that the player used to channel the breath into the tube, affects the speed that the dart will exist the 'muzzle'.

Weight will affect a player's ability to hold the tube steady and arm fatigue level over a period in time.

[edit] Sport Fukiya

Like any sport, Fukiya have a certain guideline for its equipment. In general, international guidelines set by IFA are less strict than JSFA. Currently, the spec for international is following:

Equipment: Can be self made (Japanese competition require properly made equipment)
- Pipe
  - length: 120cm (4 ft); For practice at home, students can employ a 50cm pipe, with the target placed at 5 to 6 meters away.
  - diameter: 13mm (.51 cal) if possible; Anywhere between 12mm to 13mm is fine, so .50 cal (1/2") is acceptable for International competition
  - Weight: 150g for beginner; 600 for advance
- Darts: wedge shape if possible; conical shape is acceptable; spec can vary a tiny bit.
  - length: Approximately 20cm in length
  - weight: 0.8g
Competition
- Distance from target: 10m; 8m for handicap competitors; 6m for novice; (5-6m for practice, using a shorter blowgun)
- Number of darts use: 30
- Target: 3 rings
  - bulls-eye: 6 cm diameter 7 points
  - inner ring: 12 cm in diameter, 5 points
  - outer ring: 18 cm in diameter, 3 points
  - Bulleyes height from the ground: 160cm (90cm for handicap)
- Point calculation: 6 rounds of 5 shots are taken, with a maximum score of 210 points.
- Time allotted: not exceeding 25 minutes, for all 30 darts, including shooting, scoreing, retrieval, and cleaning the barrel
Level advancement (minimum score required)
- 3 kyu: 60 points
- 2 kyu: 75 points
- 1 kyu: 90-105 points (depend on association)
- shodan: 105-119 points (depend on association)
- 2 dan: 120 points
- 3 dan: 150 points
- 4 dan: 162 points
- 5 dan: 175 points
- Master: three 5-dan's points within 1 calendar year, one of which must be or exceed 186, and "time in rank" before allowed advancement to the "next" level.