French ship Sans-Pareil (1757)
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The Sans-Pareil ("No-such") was a ship of the line project presented to Louis XIV between 1757 and 1760. No actual ship of the French Navy bore the name, though the Royal Louis was built on the scheme.
[edit] Evolution of the capital ships
In the beginning of the 18th Century, the size and power of the main capital ship was subjet to a notable increase. The ships inflated from 50 guns and 300 men to 120 guns and 1200 men, thought most of the fleet was composed of the more reasonable 64-gun, 74-gun and 80-gun two-decker ships, the three-deckers being typically the flagships.
On the other hand, the artillery techniques undertook no significant improvement, with the old smooth-bore pieces, and a practical range of about 500 to 600 metres.
A typical 108-gun ship of the time would be about 56 metres long at the waterline, 16,5 metres wide, 20 metres high (hull) and carry 2 990 m2 of sails.
[edit] The Sans-Pareil project
The Sans-Pareil was a project to built a series of ships taking the new improvements into account. THe name was suggested twice to Louis XV; in 1751, the king preferred L'Océan, and in 1757, le Royal-Louis, le Médiateur, le Majestueux, l'Indomptable. Only the Royal-Louis was actually built, due to the huge costs of construction, the three others being replaced with smaller-sized ships of the line.
The Sans-Pareil only existed as a 1/30th model which is now kept at the Musée de la Marine in Paris. It is very likely to offer only very minor differences to what the Royal-Louis was like when she was launched in Brest in 1759.
The figurehead figured a lion. The ornaments of the aft were simplified, integrating the overall lines and structure of the ship.
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