Ford Modular engine

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Ford Modular V8
32-valve supercharged Modular V8 from a 2003 Mustang SVT Cobra
Also called: Ford Triton V8
Ford Triton V10
Lincoln InTech
Manufacturer: Ford Motor Company
Production: 1991–present
Predecessor: Windsor V8
385 V8
Class: SOHC/DOHC V8/V10
Engine: 4.6 L (4601 cc/280 in³)
5.4 L (5409 cc/330 in³)
6.8 L (6761 cc/415 in³)
Similar: Ford Triton engine
Jaguar AJ-V8
Chrysler PowerTech V8
Ford/Yamaha V8
GM Premium V
Mercedes-Benz M113/M115
BMW M62/S62
BMW N62
Nissan VH
Nissan VK
Toyota UZ

The Modular engine, or "mod motor" as it is often referred to, is Ford Motor Company's modern overhead camshaft (OHC) V8 and V10 engine family. It gradually replaced the Windsor small-block and 385 big-block engines over several years in the mid-1990s. Contrary to popular belief, the Modular engine did not get its name from its design or sharing of certain parts among the engine family. Instead, the name was derived from a manufacturing plant protocol, "Modular", where the plant and its tooling could be changed out in a matter of hours to manufacture different versions of the engine family. [1]. It is used in Ford trucks, (called the Triton) in Lincolns (called Intech) and in Ford and Mercury cars. In 2004 Ford introduced a 3-valve SOHC with a Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) system, and this engine will eventually phase out the 2-valve SOHC, although it has temporarily replaced a 4-valve DOHC engine in the Lincoln Navigator.

The engines were first produced in Romeo, Michigan but additional capacity was added in Windsor, Ontario.

Contents

[edit] 4.6

The first production Modular engine in the family was the 4.6 L (281 in³) 2-valve SOHC V8 introduced in the 1991 Lincoln Town Car.

Over the years, the 4.6 came in 2-valve, 4-valve, and 3-valve versions (single-, double-, and single-overhead cam respectively). It has also came with both iron and aluminum blocks. Bore and stroke are roughly square at 3.552 in (90.2 mm) and 3.543 in (90 mm)respectively.

Until 1999, all car engines were produced at the Romeo plant. In 1999 and 2000, Mustang's engines were produced in Windsor. Production was moved back to Romeo in 2001. Most truck engines are from the Windsor plant, however there are many later model trucks with Romeo engines. All aluminum blocked engines were produced at Romeo. While the basic design remains the same the two plants had different designs for main bearings, heads (cam caps), camshaft gears (press-on vs. bolt on), valve covers (number of bolts), crankshaft (number of flywheel bolts), and cross bolt fasteners for main bearing caps.

The Modular DOHC was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 1996, while the SOHC was on the list for 2005 and again for 2006.

[edit] 2-valve

Vehicles equipped with the cast iron 16-valve SOHC 4.6 include the following:

[edit] Cracking manifold

The original 2-valve engine, as used in the Lincoln Town Car, came with an aluminum intake manifold. However, the DuPont Zytel nylon-composite intake manifold was used starting in the 1996 model year, and was found to crack at the front coolant crossover, leaking coolant and possibly causing engine failure. A class-action suit was filed on behalf of owners, resulting in a settlement announced on December 17, 2005. Starting with the 2002 model year, approximately 6-7 years after the inception of the all-composite intake, Ford finally began using a revised DuPont Zytel nylon-composite intake manifold with an aluminum front coolant crossover and replacement intakes were available for 1996-up engines.

The following vehicles were included in this class-action suit settlement:

References:

[edit] 4-valve

The 4-valve DOHC version was introduced in the 1993 Lincoln Mark VIII. It featured an aluminum block, Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) system and cylinder heads with split intake ports. The engine was revised for 1999 with new cylinder heads featuring tumble-style intake ports, new camshaft profiles, and an improved, fixed runner length intake manifold. These changes made for 1999 resulted in not only more peak horsepower and torque but also a much broader powerband.

Vehicles equipped with the all aluminum 32-valve DOHC 4.6 include the following:

Vehicles equipped with the iron-block 32-valve DOHC 4.6 include the following:

  • 2003-2004 Ford Mustang, Cobra, Supercharged, 390 hp (291 kW) and 390  ft•lbf (528 N•m)

[edit] 3-valve

Modular 3-valve SOHC V8 in a 2006 Ford Mustang GT
Enlarge
Modular 3-valve SOHC V8 in a 2006 Ford Mustang GT

A 3-valve SOHC head with variable camshaft timing (VCT) was introduced in 2004 on the Ford F-Series 5.4L V8. The engines are also equipped with an electronic Charge Motion Control Valve (CMCV) system that regulates the flow of air into one of the two intake ports (per cylinder). Block material varies between the aluminum block used in the 2005+ Ford Mustang and 2006+ Ford Explorer and the iron block used in the 2004+ Ford F-Series and , though aluminum heads are used in all applications.

The 3-valve SOHC engine was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2005 through 2007.

Vehicles equipped with the 4.6L 3-valve SOHC include the following:

  • 2005+ Ford Mustang, 4.6 L, 300 hp (224 kW) and 320 ft•lbf (434 N•m)
  • 2006+ Ford Explorer, 4.6 L, 292 hp (218 kW) and 300 ft•lbf (407 N•m)

[edit] 5.4

5.4 L V8 in a 2007 Ford Shelby GT500
Enlarge
5.4 L V8 in a 2007 Ford Shelby GT500
See also Ford Triton engine

A 5.4 L SOHC version is used in Ford Trucks and SUVs and called the Triton. The Triton was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 1997 and 1998 and again for 2000 through 2002. A supercharged version powers the Ford F-150 Lightning in 2-valve configuration. The 5.4 L 4-valve DOHC version also made an appearance in the limited production Cobra R in 2000, the Ford GT, and the 2007 Shelby Mustang GT500.

The Ford GT uses a highly-specialized version of the Modular engine. It is an all-aluminum dry-sump 5.4 L 4-valve DOHC version with a Lysholm screw-type supercharger and it showcases numerous technological features, such a dual fuel injectors per cylinder and oil squirters for the piston skirts, not found in other Ford Modular engines. It is rated at 550 hp (410 kW) and 500 ft•lbf (678 N•m), though independent testing has shown these numbers to be conservative, with GTs often producing numbers similar to the manufacturer flywheel ratings at the rear wheels on chassis dynamometers. The Shelby GT500 uses a 4-valve DOHC version of the iron-block 5.4 L Triton with an Eaton M122H Roots-type blower and air-to-liquid intercooler. It produces 500 hp (373 kW) and 480 ft•lbf (651 N•m) (SAE J1349 certified).

See also Ford of Australia entry, below.

Vehicles equipped with the 5.4 L engine include the following:

2-valve:

  • 1997-2004 Ford F-Series, 2-valve SOHC, 260 hp and 350 ft•lbf (ratings for 1999 and later model years)
  • 1997-2004 Ford Expedition, 2-valve SOHC, 260 hp and 350  ft•lbf (ratings for 1999 and later model years)
  • 1997-present Ford E-Series, 2-valve SOHC, 255 hp and 350 ft•lbf (ratings for 1999 and later model years)
  • 1999-2004 Ford Lightning, 2-valve SOHC, Supercharged, 380 hp and 450 ft•lbf (ratings for 2001 and later model years)

3-valve:

4-valve:

  • 1999-2004 Lincoln Navigator, 4-valve DOHC, 300 hp and 355 ft•lbf
  • 2000 Ford Mustang Cobra R, 4-valve DOHC, 385 hp (287 kW) and 385 ft•lbf (522 N•m)
  • 2005–2006 Ford GT, 4-valve DOHC, Supercharged, 550 hp (410 kW) and 500 ft•lbf (678 N•m)
  • 2007 Shelby Mustang GT500, 4-valve DOHC, Supercharged, 500 hp (373 kW) and 480 ft•lbf (651 N•m)

[edit] 6.8 V10

The 6.8 L V10 is another in the modular family. It was created by adding a pair of cylinders to the center of the 5.4 L V8. It uses a balance shaft to smooth the vibrations present due to the added cylinders. Output was initially 265 hp and 405  ft•lbf but output steadily increased over the years, eventually making 362 hp (266 kW) and 457 ft•lbf (620 Nm) with the introduction of the 3-valve SOHC version. The Ford V10 was used in the 1997-present Ford E-Series vans, 1999-present Ford F-Series Super Duty, and 2000-2005 Ford Excursion SUVs, as the Triton V10.

[edit] 5.0 Cammer

In 2005, Ford Racing Performance Parts introduced a 5.0 L crate engine for use in motor racing and home-made performance cars, officially called M-6007-T50EA, but more widely known as "Cammer". Because the latest Mustang has only 3-valve heads, FRPP developed the Cammer from the previous generation's 4-valve DOHC engine. The engine received further modifications in the engine wiring harness and electronic engine management system. Additionally, the Cammer is fitted with a special race specification version of the Ford Racing FR500 magnesium intake manifold, race-prepped FR500 cylinder heads, FR500 camshafts and an increased compression ratio, but the biggest difference is a 3.700" bore (3.552" is stock for modulars) achieved by resleeving the alloy/aluminum block.

The 5.0 L Cammer is used mainly in Mustang racing cars in the Grand-Am Cup and the SCCA World Challenge's GT class, but can be installed in a variety of other applications, including road cars, dragsters and sports car racing prototypes. Upon introduction the Cammer-powered Mustang proved to be dominant in Grand-Am Cup, having achieved five victories and podium appearances in nearly every race in the GS class during the 2005 season, giving David Empringham the championship title with the Multimatic Motorsports team, and Ford the manufacturer's title.

Robert Yates publicly expressed interest in using a similar 5.0 L 4-valve DOHC Modular V8 to compete in the NASCAR Winston (now NEXTEL) Cup series. [2] [3] [4]

[edit] Ford Australia

Ford Australia uses modular V8s in the Ford Falcon and Ford Fairlane sedan model ranges, as well as in its high performance Ford Performance Vehicles (FPV) division models. The DOHC ("Quad-Cam") Modular V8s are coined Boss by Ford Australia, with a number designation referring to power output in kW. The 230 kW Barra engine and Boss 260 and 290 shortblocks, heads and crankshafts are built in Windsor, Ontario. The Boss engines include some locally sourced parts such as intake and pistons. All are built with cast-iron blocks.

Ford of Australia 5.4 L engines include:

  • Barra 230 3-valve SOHC 5.4 L V8, 310 hp (230 kW) @ 5350 rpm, 368  ft•lbf (500 N•m) at 3500 rpm
  • Boss 260 4-valve DOHC 5.4 L V8, 349 hp (260 kW) @ 5250 rpm, 368  ft•lbf (500 N•m) at 4000 rpm
  • Boss 290 4-valve DOHC 5.4 L V8, 389 hp (290 kW) @ 5500 rpm, 383  ft•lbf (520 N•m) at 4500 rpm

[edit] World Record

  • The Koenigsegg CCR used a modified, Rotrex supercharged Ford Modular 4-valve DOHC 4.7L V8, which produced 806 hp (601 kW), to achieve a top speed of 241 mph (388 km/h). This certified top speed broke the McLaren F1s long standing world record for fastest production car. The accomplishment was recognized by Guinness World Records in 2005, who gave the Koenigsegg CCR the official title of Worlds Fastest Production Car. The Koenigsegg record was broken several months later by the $1.3 million Bugatti Veyron 16.4, which is powered by a 1001 hp (746 kW) 8.0 L quad-turbo 16-cylinder engine, when Car and Driver magazine piloted their test example to a 253 mph (407 km/h) top speed. This engine is the basis for Koenigsegg's twin-supercharged flexible fuel V8 seen in the CCX.

[edit] References

  1. ^ [1] "Ford readies its mod squad - 32-valve 4.6 L Modular V-8 engine to be introduced late this year in the Lincoln Mark VIII automobile".
  2. ^ [2] Robert Yates on Modulars in Winston Cup.
  3. ^ [3] Robert Yates saw the light.
  4. ^ [4] "While we know Robert Yates is personally interested in promoting the Modular engine for Winston Cup..."

[edit] See also

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