Fontenelle (crater)

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Crater characteristics
Location of the Fontenelle crater.
Coordinates	63.4° N, 18.9° W
Diameter	38 km
Depth	1.8 km
Colongitude	19° at sunrise
Eponym	Bernard Fontenelle

Fontenelle is a lunar crater that is located along the northern edge of Mare Frigoris, in the northern part of the Moon. To the northeast is the remnant of the Birmingham crater. Due to its location, this crater appears oval in shape when observed from the Earth because of foreshortening.

The rim of this crater is generally circular, but the edge is irregular and in some locations has a notched appearance. This is particularly true along the southwest and the eastern edges. The rim projects above the surface of the Mare Frigoris, and a wrinkle-ridge runs several crater diameters to the southeast from the edge. The western rim is attached to rough terrain to the west and northwest.

The interior of the Fontenell crater has a wrinkled appearance along the northern rim. There is a low, wide central hill at the mid-point, and some rough ground to the west of this rise. Only a few tiny craterlets mark the surface of the floor.

To the south of Fontenelle on the lunar mare is a tiny crater that is surrounded by a blanket of high albedo material. This crater displays a resemblance to the Linné crater on Mare Serenitatis. This feature lies about 15 kilometers north-northwest of 'Fontenelle G', and lacks a designation.

To the east of this crater is an unusual geometric configuration in the surface with an angular shape. This came to be known as "Mädler's Square", after the lunar selenographer Johann Mädler. It is roughly square in shape, but appears lozenge-shaped due to foreshortening. This feature was noted in many early books concerning the moon.

[edit] Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater mid-point that is closest to Fontenelle crater.

Fontenelle	Latitude	Longitude	Diameter
A	67.5° N	16.1° W	21 km
B	61.9° N	23.0° W	14 km
C	64.4° N	27.2° W	13 km
D	62.5° N	23.4° W	17 km
F	64.4° N	28.2° W	11 km
G	59.5° N	18.3° W	4 km
H	64.1° N	20.1° W	6 km
K	69.6° N	15.6° W	7 km
L	66.5° N	16.6° W	6 km
M	63.1° N	28.8° W	9 km
N	64.0° N	29.7° W	8 km
P	64.1° N	17.2° W	6 km
R	64.3° N	18.8° W	6 km
S	65.3° N	26.7° W	7 km
T	66.3° N	25.7° W	7 km
X	60.5° N	27.8° W	7 km