Fernando, the Saint Prince

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Portuguese royalty
House of Aviz

John I
Children
   Infante Duarte (future Edward I)
   Infante Pedro, Duke of Coimbra
   Henry the Navigator (Infante Henrique, Duke of Viseu)
   Infanta Isabel, Duchess of Burgundy
   Infante João
   Infante Fernando, the Saint Prince
   Afonso, Duke of Braganza (illegitimate)
   Beatriz, Countess of Arundel (illegitimate)
Grandchildren include
   Infanta Isabel of Coimbra, Queen of Portugal
Edward
Children
   Infante Afonso (future Afonso V)
   Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu
   Infanta Leonor, Holy Roman Empress
   Infanta Catarina
   Infanta Joana, Queen of Castile
Grandchildren include
   Infante Manuel, Duke of Beja (future Manuel I)
   Infanta Leonor of Viseu, Queen of Portugal
Afonso V
Children include
   Blessed Joana, Crown Princess of Portugal
   Infante João (future John II)
John II
   Afonso, Crown Prince of Portugal
   Jorge, Duke of Coimbra (illegitimate)
Manuel I
Children include
   Miguel da Paz, Crown Prince of Spain and Portugal
   Infante João (future John III)
   Infanta Isabel, Holy Roman Empress
   Infanta Beatriz, Duchess of Savoy
   Infante Luís, Duke of Beja
   Infante Fernando, Duke of Guarda and Trancoso
   Infante Cardinal Afonso
   Infante Cardinal Henrique (future Henry I)
   Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães
   Infanta Maria
Grandchildren include
   Philip II of Spain (future Philip I of Portugal)
   António, Prior of Crato (future Anthony I) (illegitimate)
   Infanta Maria of Guimarães, Duchess of Parma and Piacenza
   Infanta Catarina of Guimarães, Duchess of Braganza
Great-Grandchildren include
   Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza
   Rannuccio Farnense of Parma
Great-Great-Grandchildren include
   John II, Duke of Braganza (future John IV of Portugal)
John III
Children include
   Infanta Maria Manuela, Princess of Asturias
   João, Crown Prince of Portugal
Grandchildren include
   Infante Sebastião (future Sebastian I)
   Carlos, Prince of Asturias
Sebastian
Henry
Anthony (disputed king)

Fernando of Portugal, the Saint Prince (pron. IPA [fɨɾ'nɐ̃du]; English: Ferdinand) - (September 29, 1402-June 5, 1443) was a Prince of Portugal of the House of Aviz. Fernando was the sixth son of King John I of Portugal and his wife Philippa of Lancaster.

Fernando soon became interested in religious questions and, still young, he was ordered Grand Master of the Order of Aviz by his father. In 1437 he participated in a military expedition in North Africa, along with his older brothers. The campaign would prove disastrous and Fernando was made a prisoner by the kingdom of Fez. As a ransom, the Sultan demanded the devolution of Ceuta, conquered by the Portuguese in 1415. Fernando decided he did not want to be released in exchange for the precious city, and wished to remain in captivity. He died in Fes in 1443.

His remains were transferred to the Monastery of Batalha in 1471, where they lie in the Founder's Chapel. His sacrifice in the name of national interests gave him his nickname the Saint Prince (Portuguese: o Infante Santo).

He was beatified in 1470, and the Bollandists have included his life in their great publication.