User:Femto/elements e6

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• Obsolete, merged into articles
• page E1 — H He Li Be B C N O F Ne
• page E2 — Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
• page E3 — K Ca Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
• page E4 — Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
• page E5 — Rb Sr In Sn Sb Te I Xe
• page E6 — Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd
• page E7 — Cs Ba Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
• page E8 — La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb
• page E9 — Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg
• page E10 — Fr Ra Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Uub Uut Uuq Uup Uuh
• page E11 — Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No

Contents 1 yttrium 2 zirconium 3 niobium 4 molybdenum 5 technetium 6 ruthenium 7 rhodium 8 palladium 9 silver 10 cadmium

[edit] yttrium

39 strontium ← yttrium → zirconium Sc ↑ Y ↓ Lu Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	yttrium, Y, 39
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	3, 5, d
Appearance	silvery white
Atomic mass	88.90585(2) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	4.472 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	4.24 g·cm−3
Melting point	1799 K (1526 °C, 2779 °F)
Boiling point	3609 K (3336 °C, 6037 °F)
Heat of fusion	11.42 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	365 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 26.53 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 1883 2075 (2320) (2627) (3036) (3607)
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Oxidation states	3 (weakly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.22 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 600 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1180 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 1980 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	180 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	212 pm
Covalent radius	162 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (α, poly) 596 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 17.2 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (α, poly) 10.6 µm/(m·K)
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 3300 m/s
Young's modulus	63.5 GPa
Shear modulus	25.6 GPa
Bulk modulus	41.2 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.243
Brinell hardness	589 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-65-5
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 89Y 100% Y is stable with 50 neutrons
References

[edit] zirconium

40 yttrium ← zirconium → niobium Ti ↑ Zr ↓ Hf Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	zirconium, Zr, 40
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	4, 5, d
Appearance	silvery white
Atomic mass	91.224(2) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d2 5s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	6.52 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	5.8 g·cm−3
Melting point	2128 K (1855 °C, 3371 °F)
Boiling point	4682 K (4409 °C, 7968 °F)
Heat of fusion	14 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	573 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 25.36 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 2639 2891 3197 3575 4053 4678
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Oxidation states	4 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	1.33 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 640.1 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1270 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2218 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	155 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	206 pm
Covalent radius	148 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 421 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 22.6 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 5.7 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 3800 m/s
Young's modulus	68 GPa
Shear modulus	33 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.34
Mohs hardness	5.0
Vickers hardness	903 MPa
Brinell hardness	650 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-67-7
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 90Zr 51.45% Zr is stable with 50 neutrons 91Zr 11.22% Zr is stable with 51 neutrons 92Zr 17.15% Zr is stable with 52 neutrons 93Zr syn 1.53 E6 y β- 0.091 93Nb 94Zr 17.38% Zr is stable with 54 neutrons 96Zr 2.8% >3.8 E19 y β- 3.350 96Mo
References

[edit] niobium

41 zirconium ← niobium → molybdenum V ↑ Nb ↓ Ta Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	niobium, Nb, 41
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	5, 5, d
Appearance	gray metallic
Atomic mass	92.90638(2) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	8.57 g·cm−3
Melting point	2750 K (2477 °C, 4491 °F)
Boiling point	5017 K (4744 °C, 8571 °F)
Heat of fusion	30 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	689.9 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 24.60 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 2942 3207 3524 3910 4393 5013
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	cubic body centered
Oxidation states	5, 3 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.6 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 652.1 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1380 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2416 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	145 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	198 pm
Covalent radius	137 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Electrical resistivity	(0 °C) 152 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 53.7 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 7.3 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 3480 m/s
Young's modulus	105 GPa
Shear modulus	38 GPa
Bulk modulus	170 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.40
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	1320 MPa
Brinell hardness	736 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-03-1
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 91Nb syn 680 y ε 1.253 91Zr 92Nb syn 3.47 E7 y β- 0.356 92Mo 92Nb syn 3.47 E7 y ε 2.006 92Zr 93Nb 100% Nb is stable with 52 neutrons 94Nb syn 20,300 y β- 2.045 94Mo
References

[edit] molybdenum

42 niobium ← molybdenum → technetium Cr ↑ Mo ↓ W Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	molybdenum, Mo, 42
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	6, 5, d
Appearance	gray metallic
Atomic mass	95.94(2) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d5 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 13, 1
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	10.28 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	9.33 g·cm−3
Melting point	2896 K (2623 °C, 4753 °F)
Boiling point	4912 K (4639 °C, 8382 °F)
Heat of fusion	37.48 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	617 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 24.06 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 2742 2994 3312 3707 4212 4879
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	cubic body centered
Oxidation states	2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	2.16 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 684.3 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1560 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2618 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	145 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	190 pm
Covalent radius	145 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 53.4 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 138 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 4.8 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(r.t.) 5400  m·s−1
Young's modulus	329 GPa
Shear modulus	20 GPa
Bulk modulus	230 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	5.5
Vickers hardness	1530 MPa
Brinell hardness	1500 MPa
CAS registry number	7439-98-7
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 93Mo syn 4000 y ε 0.405 93Nb 99Mo syn 65.94 h β- 1.357 99Tc 100Mo syn 1E19 y β- 3.034 100Ru 92Mo 14.84% Mo is stable with 50 neutrons 94Mo 9.25% Mo is stable with 52 neutrons 95Mo 15.92% Mo is stable with 53 neutrons 96Mo 16.68% Mo is stable with 54 neutrons 97Mo 9.55% Mo is stable with 55 neutrons 98Mo 24.13% Mo is stable with 56 neutrons
References

[edit] technetium

43 molybdenum ← technetium → ruthenium Mn ↑ Tc ↓ Re Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	technetium, Tc, 43
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	7, 5, d
Appearance	silvery gray metal
Atomic mass	(98) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d5 5s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 13, 2
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	11 g·cm−3
Melting point	2430 K (2157 °C, 3915 °F)
Boiling point	4538 K (4265 °C, 7709 °F)
Heat of fusion	33.29 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	585.2 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 24.27 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K (2727) (2998) (3324) (3726) (4234) (4894)
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Oxidation states	7 (strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.9 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 702 kJ/mol
	2nd: 1470 kJ/mol
	3rd: 2850 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	135 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	183 pm
Covalent radius	156 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 50.6 W·m−1·K−1
CAS registry number	7440-26-8
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 97Tc syn 2.6 E6 y ε 0.320 97Mo 98Tc syn 4.2 E6 y β- 1.796 98Ru 99Tc syn 211,100 y β- 0.294 99Ru
References

[edit] ruthenium

44 technetium ← ruthenium → rhodium Fe ↑ Ru ↓ Os Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	ruthenium, Ru, 44
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	8, 5, d
Appearance	silvery white metallic
Atomic mass	101.07(2) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d7 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 15, 1
Physical properties
Density (near r.t.)	12.45 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	10.65 g·cm−3
Melting point	2607 K (2334 °C, 4233 °F)
Boiling point	4423 K (4150 °C, 7502 °F)
Heat of fusion	38.59 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	591.6 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 24.06 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 2588 2811 3087 3424 3845 4388
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Oxidation states	2, 3, 4, 6, 8 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	2.2 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 710.2 kJ/mol
	2nd: 1620 kJ/mol
	3rd: 2747 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	130 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	178 pm
Covalent radius	126 pm
Miscellaneous
Electrical resistivity	(0 °C) 71 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 117 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 6.4 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 5970 m/s
Young's modulus	447 GPa
Shear modulus	173 GPa
Bulk modulus	220 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.30
Mohs hardness	6.5
Brinell hardness	2160 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-18-8
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 96Ru 5.52% Ru is stable with 52 neutrons 98Ru 1.88% Ru is stable with 54 neutrons 99Ru 12.7% Ru is stable with 55 neutrons 100Ru 12.6% Ru is stable with 56 neutrons 101Ru 17.0% Ru is stable with 57 neutrons 102Ru 31.6% Ru is stable with 58 neutrons 104Ru 18.7% Ru is stable with 60 neutrons 106Ru syn 373.59 d β- 0.039 106Rh
References

[edit] rhodium

45 ruthenium ← rhodium → palladium Co ↑ Rh ↓ Ir Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	rhodium, Rh, 45
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	9, 5, d
Appearance	silvery white metallic
Atomic mass	102.90550(2) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d8 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 16, 1
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	12.41 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	10.7 g·cm−3
Melting point	2237 K (1964 °C, 3567 °F)
Boiling point	3968 K (3695 °C, 6683 °F)
Heat of fusion	26.59 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	494 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 24.98 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 2288 2496 2749 3063 3405 3997
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	cubic face centered
Oxidation states	2, 3, 4 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	2.28 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 719.7 kJ/mol
	2nd: 1740 kJ/mol
	3rd: 2997 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	135 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	173 pm
Covalent radius	135 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Electrical resistivity	(0 °C) 43.3 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 150 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 8.2 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 4700 m/s
Young's modulus	275 GPa
Shear modulus	150 GPa
Bulk modulus	380 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.26
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	1246 MPa
Brinell hardness	1100 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-16-6
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 101Rh syn 3.3 y ε 0.542 101Ru 102mRh syn ~2.9 y ε 2.464 102Ru 102mRh syn ~2.9 y IT 0.141 ?? 103Rh 100% Rh is stable with 58 neutrons
References

[edit] palladium

46 rhodium ← palladium → silver Ni ↑ Pd ↓ Pt Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	palladium, Pd, 46
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	10, 5, d
Appearance	silvery white metallic
Atomic mass	106.42(1) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	12.023 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	10.38 g·cm−3
Melting point	1828.05 K (1554.9 °C, 2830.82 °F)
Boiling point	3236 K (2963 °C, 5365 °F)
Heat of fusion	16.74 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	362 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 25.98 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 1721 1897 2117 2395 2753 3234
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	cubic face centered
Oxidation states	±1 (mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	2.20 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 804.4 kJ/mol
	2nd: 1870 kJ/mol
	3rd: 3177 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	140 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	169 pm
Covalent radius	131 pm
Van der Waals radius	163 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 105.4 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 71.8 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 11.8 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 3070 m/s
Young's modulus	121 GPa
Shear modulus	44 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.39
Mohs hardness	4.75
Vickers hardness	461 MPa
Brinell hardness	37.3 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-05-3
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 102Pd 1.02% Pd is stable with 56 neutrons 104Pd 11.14% Pd is stable with 58 neutrons 105Pd 22.33% Pd is stable with 59 neutrons 106Pd 27.33% Pd is stable with 60 neutrons 107Pd syn 6.5 E6 y β- 0.033 107Ag 108Pd 26.46% Pd is stable with 62 neutrons 110Pd 11.72% Pd is stable with 64 neutrons
References

[edit] silver

47 palladium ← silver → cadmium Cu ↑ Ag ↓ Au Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	silver, Ag, 47
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	11, 5, d
Appearance	lustrous white metal
Atomic mass	107.8682(2) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	10.49 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	9.320 g·cm−3
Melting point	1234.93 K (961.78 °C, 1763.2 °F)
Boiling point	2435 K (2162 °C, 3924 °F)
Heat of fusion	11.28 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	258 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 25.350 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 1283 1413 1575 1782 2055 2433
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	cubic face centered
Oxidation states	1 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	1.93 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 731.0 kJ/mol
	2nd: 2070 kJ/mol
	3rd: 3361 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	160 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	165 pm
Covalent radius	153 pm
Van der Waals radius	172 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 15.87 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 429 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 18.9 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(r.t.) 2680  m·s−1
Young's modulus	83 GPa
Shear modulus	30 GPa
Bulk modulus	100 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.37
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	251 MPa
Brinell hardness	24.5 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-22-4
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 107Ag 51.839% Ag is stable with 60 neutrons 108mAg syn 418 y ε 2.027 108Pd 108mAg syn 418 y IT 0.109 ?? 109Ag 48.161% Ag is stable with 62 neutrons
References

[edit] cadmium

48 silver ← cadmium → indium Zn ↑ Cd ↓ Hg Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	cadmium, Cd, 48
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	12, 5, d
Appearance	silvery gray metallic
Atomic mass	112.411(8) g/mol
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	8.65 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	7.996 g·cm−3
Melting point	594.22 K (321.07 °C, 609.93 °F)
Boiling point	1040 K (767 °C, 1413 °F)
Heat of fusion	6.21 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	99.87 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) 26.020 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K 530 583 654 745 867 1040
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Oxidation states	2 (mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.69 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 867.8 kJ/mol
	2nd: 1631.4 kJ/mol
	3rd: 3616 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	155 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	161 pm
Covalent radius	148 pm
Van der Waals radius	158 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	no data
Electrical resistivity	(22 °C) 72.7 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 96.6 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 30.8 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 2310 m/s
Young's modulus	50 GPa
Shear modulus	19 GPa
Bulk modulus	42 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.30
Mohs hardness	2.0
Brinell hardness	203 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-43-9
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6 iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 108Cd 0.89% Cd is stable with 60 neutrons 109Cd syn 462.6 d ε 0.214 109Ag 110Cd 12.49% Cd is stable with 62 neutrons 111Cd 12.8% Cd is stable with 63 neutrons 112Cd 24.13% Cd is stable with 64 neutrons 113Cd 12.22% 7.7 E15 y β- 0.316 113In 113mCd syn 14.1 y β- 0.580 113In 113mCd syn 14.1 y IT 0.264 ?? 114Cd 28.73% Cd is stable with 66 neutrons 116Cd 7.49% Cd is stable with 68 neutrons
References