Federal Aviation Regulations
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Federal Aviation Regulations, or FARs, are rules prescribed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) governing all aviation activities in the United States. The FARs are part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). A wide variety of activities are regulated, such as airplane design, typical airline flights, pilot training activities, hot-air ballooning and even model rocket launches. The rules are designed to promote safe aviation, protecting pilots, passengers and the general public from unnecessary risk. They are also intended to protect the national security of the United States, especially in light of the September 11, 2001 attacks.
[edit] Regulations of Interest
- Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) Section 91.145
A TFR is a geographically-limited, short-term, airspace restriction, typically in the United States. Purposes include: major sporting events, natural disasters, air shows, space launches and Presidential movements. Before the September 11, 2001 attacks most TFRs were in the interest of safety to flying aircraft with occasional small restrictions for Presidential movements. Since 9/11 TFRs have been routinely used to restrict airspace for 30 nautical miles around the President, with a 10 nautical mile radius no fly zone for non scheduled flights. They are also available to other important people such as presidential and vice-presidential candidates (though Senator John F. Kerry, a pilot, declined TFRs during the 2004 election). TFRs are deeply unpopular with pilots in the general aviation sector. Large Presidential TFRs frequently close off not only the airport Air Force One is using but nearby airports as well. Others argue that they are necessary for national security.
[edit] Organization
The FARs are organized into sections, called parts due to their organization within the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Each part deals with a specific type of activity. For example, 14 CFR Part 141 contains rules for pilot training schools. The sections most relevant to aircraft pilots and AMTs (Aviation Maintenance Technicians) are listed below.
- Part 1 – Definitions and Abbreviations.
- Part 13 – Investigation and Enforcement Procedures
- Part 21 – Certification Procedures for Products and Parts.
- Part 23 – Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter Category Airplanes.
- Part 25 – Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes.
- Part 27 – Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Rotorcraft
- Part 29 – Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Rotorcraft
- Part 33 – Airworthiness Standards: Aircraft Engines.
- Part 34 – Fuel Venting and Exhaust Emission Requirements for Turbine Engine Powered Airplanes
- Part 35 – Airworthiness Standards: Propellers
- Part 39 – Airworthiness Directives
- Part 43 – Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alteration.
- Part 45 – Identification and Registration Marking
- Part 47 – Aircraft Registration
- Part 61 – Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors.
- Part 65 – Certification: Airmen Other Than Flight Crewmembers
- Part 67 – Medical Standards and Certification.
- Part 71 – Designation of Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, and Class E Airspace Areas; Airways; Routes; and Reporting Points.
- Part 73 – Special Use Airspace.
- Part 91 – General Operating and Flight Rules.
- Part 97 – Standard Instrument Approach Procedures.
- Part 101 – Moored Balloons, Kites, Unmanned Rockets and Unmanned Free Balloons
- Part 103 – Ultralight Vehicles.
- Part 105 – Parachute Operations.
- Part 119 – Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators.
- Part 121 – Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations.
- Part 125 – Certification and Operations: Airplanes Having a Seating Cpacity of 20 or More Passengers or a Payload Capacity of 6,000 Pounds or More
- Part 135 – Operating Requirements: Commuter and On Demand Operations.
- Part 137 – Agricultural Aircraft Operations.
- Part 141 – Flight Schools.
- Part 142 – Training Centers.
- Part 145 – Repair Stations
- Part 147 – Aviation Maintenance Technicians Schools
- Part 183 – Representatives of The Administrator
