Estonian parliamentary election, 1992
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Estonian parliamentary election of 1992 was held on 20th September, 1992. This term of parliament was elected according constitution application law for 3 years. The threshold was 5% of the national vote or 3 personal mandates. To get a personal mandate candidate must collect at least a quota votes in multimember constituency. 7 lists passed threshold and 2 lists had mandates using a personal mandate clause.
The first parliamentary election after Estonia had regained independence, brought in power a new generation of politicians who had contested moderate pro-independence policies carried out by PM Edgar Savisaar and his Popular Front of Estonia.
The winner, five-party electoral cartel Fatherland led by Mart Laar, formed the cabinet together with national-conservative Estonian National Independence Party and centrist alliance Moderates. The opposition was split in two: moderate and centre-left camp of Coalition Party plus Centre Party on one side, and protest groups Estonian Citizen and Independent Royalists on the other side. The latter was by the way probably the most successful fun party of the world, as it had 8 parliament deputies.
[edit] Results
| Electoral Bloc/Party (Estonian-language name) | Votes | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fatherland Alliance (Isamaa) | 100,828 | 22.00% | 29 |
| Safe Home (Kindel Kodu), electoral cartel of Estonian Coalition Party and allies | 62,329 | 13.60% | 17 |
| People's Front (Rahvarinne), predominantly Estonian Centre Party | 56,124 | 12.25% | 15 |
| Moderates (Mõõdukad) | 44,577 | 9.72% | 12 |
| Estonian National Independence Party (Eesti Rahvusliku Sõltumatuse Partei) | 40,260 | 8.79% | 10 |
| Independent Royalists (Sõltumatud Kuningriiklased) | 32,638 | 7.12% | 8 |
| Estonian Citizen (Eesti Kodanik) | 31,553 | 6.89% | 8 |
| Estonian Pensioners' Union (Eesti Pensionäride Liit) | 17,011 | 3.71% | |
| Farmers' Union (Põllumeeste Kogu) | 13,356 | 2.91% | |
| Greens (Rohelised) | 12,009 | 2.62% | 1 |
| Estonian Entrepreneur Party (Eesti Ettevõtjate Erakond) | 10,953 | 2.39% | 1 |
| Left Alternative (Vasakvõimalus), mostly the reformed ex-CP | 7,374 | 1.61% | |
| National Party of the Illegally Repressed (Õigusvastaselt Represseeritute Rahvuslik Erakond) | 4,263 | 0.93% | |
| Other lists (4) in total | 5,226 | 1.14% | |
| Independent candidates (26) in total | 19,753 | 4.31% |
Turnout: 467,628; 67.84%
Invalid votes: 9,381; 2.01%
Valid votes: 458,247; 98.00%
5% national threshold: 22912.35
[edit] References
- ↑ Fatherland Alliance (aka Pro Patria Union) member parties: Estonian Christian Democratic Party (Eesti Kristlik-Demokraatlik Erakond, EKDE), Estonian Christian Democratic Union (Eesti Kristlik-Demokraatlik Liit, EKDL), Estonian Conservative People's Party (Eesti Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond, EKRE), Republicans' Coalition Party (Vabariiklaste Koonderakond, W), Estonian Liberal Democratic Party (Eesti Liberaaldemokraatlik Partei, ELDP). After the elections four first ones formed a National Coalition-party Fatherland (or Pro Patria)(Rahvuslik Koodnerakond Isamaa), whilest liberal democrats kept independence. In the summer of 1994, due to a split in the Fatherland, internal opposition left the party and created Peoples Party of Republicans and Conservatives (Vabariiklaste ja Konservatiivide Rahvaerakond) aka Parempoolsed (Right-wingers). Whilest many of the leavers were previous members of W or EKRE the party claimed heritage of those previous parties.
[Estonian Electoral Commission[2]]
