Estland

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Eestimaa
Estland
←
1917 – 1918 →
Flag Coat of arms
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Estland
Estland located approximately on the territory of future Estonia (above, green), declarated February 23, 1918.
Capital Tallinna
Language(s) Estonian
Low German
Government Republic
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Soviets of Estland (Eestimaa Nõukogude Täitevkomitee esimees)
 - 5 November (23 October) 1917 - 4 March 1918 Jaan Anwelt
Land Councillor (Maanõunik)
 - 28 November (15 November) 1917 - 24 February 1918 Jaan Poska
Legislature Maapäev
History
 - Established November 28 (de jure)
November 5 (de facto)
 - Disestablished February 24 (de jure)
March 4 (de facto)
Currency Russian ruble of the Russian Provisional Government

Estland (Estonian Eestimaa, Low German Ehstland, Russian Эстляндия), or The Principality of Estland (Estonian Eestimaa Würstiriik, Low German Fürstenthüm Ehstland, Russian Княжество Эстляндия), was a historical province in Northern Estonia, corresponding to Revelia, Vironia, Harria, Jerwia, Rotalia and Dagö, and a short-lived de jure or de facto independent country corresponded roughly to the present territory of Estonia.

Contents

[edit] History

[edit] Danish Estland

Danish Estland was a dominion of Denmark during the Middle Ages. Between 1206 and 1645, Denmark either held claims to, or ruled over, parts of present-day Estonia.

[edit] Swedish Estland

Swedish Estland was a dominion of Sweden from 1561 until 1719. Estland was ceded by Sweden in the Treaty of Nystad in 1721.

[edit] Russian Estland

Russian Estland became a governorate-general of Russia in 1710, when it was conquered and captured from Sweden, until April 12 (March 30 Old Style), 1917 when it was expanded to include northern Livonia. Since 1917, Estland corresponded roughly to the present territory of Estonia.

[edit] Independent Estland

On November 5, 1917 (by the current Gregorian calendar - October 23 by the Julian calendar still in use in Russia at the time), Bolshevik leader Jaan Anwelt led his leftist revolutionaries to the revolution in Tallinna, then the capital of Estland, and took the political power. In November 7 (October 25), 1917, the October Revolution spread from Estland to Russia. November 28 (November 15) 1917 the Maapäev refused to recognize the new Bolshevik rule and proclaimed itself the supreme legal authority of Estland. The Republic of Estonia formally declared independence on 23 February 1918, only to be forcibly occupied and annexed by the German Empire.

[edit] Additional Information

"Estland" is also the name in many European languages for the modern state of Estonia. These include Dutch, German, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

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In other languages