Erwig

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Erwig (or Ervigio, also known as Euric II) was a king of the Visigoths in Hispania (680–687 CE). His reign began when he deposed King Wamba during a civil war. Erwig then restored stability by using the Jews as a scapegoat. Declaring them a plague on the kingdom, he called for their extermination. But his campaign, while causing the Jews great hardship, didn't accomplish its aim. So in 681 he issued another decree, this time requiring that all Jews become Christians or leave the kingdom.

From King Erwig's reign on, the Kingdom of the Visigoths would be torn by civil strife, ending in the Umayyad conquest of Hispania beginning in 711.

Indeed, in North Africa, Muslims who had invaded the Maghrib in 670 had, under the leadership of Musa ibn Nusair, defeated the Byzantines in what is today Morocco by 682. Muslims had also been making raids on the coasts of Iberia since at least the reign of Wamba. Thus the Muslims were already beginning to press southern Hispania.