Erkelenz

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Erkelenz


Country	Germany
State	North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region	Cologne
District	Heinsberg
Population	45,279 (2005)
Area	117.35 km²
Population density	386 /km²
Elevation	92 m
Coordinates	51°4′ N 6°19′ E
Postal code	41812
Area code	02431
Licence plate code	HS
Mayor	Peter Jansen (CDU)
Website	erkelenz.de

Erkelenz is a town in Rhineland, in the state North Rhine-Westphalia, in the rural district (Kreis) Heinsberg, has 45279 inhabitants (May 2005) and covers an area of 117,35 Km².

1 Geography
2 Coat of arms
3 History
4 Town twinning
5 Education
6 Transportation
7 Buildings
8 Museum
9 External links

[edit] Geography

Erkelenz is situated in the lowland of the "Niederrheinische Bucht". The area is covered by loess, a very fertile soil. The landscape is called "Börde" and is plain. The agriculture is very productive.

[edit] River

The Niers River has his sources at Kuckum and Keyenberg.

[edit] Neighbouring towns

From North to West to south to East :

Town of Wegberg (district Heinsberg)
District-free city Mönchengladbach
Municipality of Jüchen (district Rhein-Kreis Neuss)
Municipality of Titz (district Düren)
Town of Linnich (district Düren)
Town of Hückelhoven (district Heinsberg)
Town of Wassenberg (district Heinsberg)

[edit] Villages and hamlets of the town

In the area of the city are 45 villages and hamlets.

Marketplace with Lambertus-Church

Bellinghoven
Berverath
Borschemich
Commerden
Etgenbusch
Fronderath
Geneiken
Genhof
Genfeld
Genehen
Gerderath
Gerderhahn
Golkrath
Granterath
Grambusch
Hetzerath
Holzweiler
Houverath
Houverather Heide
Hoven
Immerath
Katzem
Kaulhausen
Keyenberg
Kleinbouslar
Kückhoven
Kuckum
Lentholt
Lövenich
Lützerath
Matzerath
Mennekrath
Moorheide
Neuhaus
Oberwestrich
Oerath
Pesch
Scheidt
Schwanenberg
Tenholt
Terheeg
Unterwestrich
Venrath
Vossem
Wockerath

[edit] Lignite open-pit mining

In the future the lignite open-pit mining called Garzweiler II will expand from the area of the towns Juechen and Gevenbroich ( district Rhein Kreis Neuss) and dig in the area of Erkelenz. Villages have to resettle.

[edit] Coat of arms

The coat of arms is parted horizontally. The upper part is blue, and contains the golden lion of the duchy of Guelders (Geldern). In the silver (white) lower part is a red medlar, also called rose of Geldern. The coat of arms shows the centuries old connection to the duchy. The colours from the shield became the colours of the city: blue and white.

[edit] History

966: Erkelenz was first mentioned in a document as Herclinze, 1118 as Erkelenze.

1326: Erkelenz received town rights from the count of Guelders. (1339 the noble man became duke.) The area of Erkelenz was an exclave of the duchy of Guelders in the duchy of Jülich. The town belonged to the Upper Quarter Roermond.

1543: The Spanish Netherlands (Spanish Habsburg) got Erkelenz.

1713: After the war of the spanish succession the duke of Jülich, who was also prince of palatine (Pfalz-Neuburg) received the town.

1794: France captured the area, Erkelenz belonged to this state and became the capital of the district Canton Erkelenz in the Roer (département).

1815: After the defeat of Napoleon Erkelenz became part of Prussia. The district was now called Kreis Erkelenz.

1818/1819: The medieval walls and gates of the town were demolished.

1852: The railway Aachen-Düsseldorf was built

1897: The engineer Anton Raky established a drilling machine factory, today WIRTH Group.

1938: The synagogue was desecrated.

26th February 1945: Erkelenz was conquered by the 407th infantry regiment of the U.S. 102nd Infantry Division (Ozarks), US Ninth Army.

1945: The machine factory Hegenscheidt relocated from Ratibor to Erkelenz.

1972: The district Kreis Erkelenz was abolished, it became part of the Kreis Heinsberg. The area of the town Erkelenz was enlarged from 25,3 Km² to 117,35 Km².

[edit] Town twinning

Saint James in France, at the border between Brittany and Normandy, in the near of Mont St. Michel.

[edit] Education

In Erkelenz there are 10 primary schools, 2 secondary schools (Hauptschule), 1 secondary modern school (Realschule), 2 high schools (Cornelius-Burgh Gymnasium, Cusanus Gymnasium) and 1 school for persons with learning disabilities.