Empire of Japan (additional economic and financial data)

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This page supplements Empire of Japan (economic and financial data).

Contents

[edit] Population in the Empire of Japan (1925-1940)

In 1925 the total population of Japan was 59,737,000; with Karafuto, Chosen and Formosa this came to 83,458,000 subjects.

According to one source the total divided up as:

  • Hokkaidō: 2,498,679 or 2,500,000
  • Honshū: 44,981,602
  • Shikoku: 3,173,966
  • Kyūshū: 8,524,953
  • Ryūkyū Islands (Okinawa): 557,622
  • Japan Proper (main islands and Okinawa): 59,736,622
  • Karafuto: 203,754 or 65,000
  • Chosen: 19,522,945-19,523,000 or 25,000,000
  • Taiwan (Formosa): 3,994,884 or 3,183,000
  • Kwantung: 1,054,074 or 91,000
  • South Mandate: 56,294 or 56,500
  • Japanese Empire, total (except arrend land/South Mandate): 83,458,405
  • In 1926 in Kwantung there were 91,000 Japanese and 660,000 Chinese. In Manchukuo lived 200,000 Japanese.
  • In 1934 the Kwantung and South Manchurian Railway zone had 1,408,755 habitants; of those 309,029 were Japanese, and 2,185 other nationalities.

For the 1935 census for the whole Japanese empire, the figures are:

  • Japan proper: 69,254,148 residents

In exterior provinces:

  • Chosen: 22,899,038
  • Taiwan: 5,212,426
  • Karafuto: 331,943
  • Kwantung: 1,656,726
  • South Mandate: 102,537

Total for the Japanese Empire: 97,697,555 inhabitants.

In 1940 the Japanese population rose to 73,114,380.

The figures for major cities are:

The population in the exterior provinces in 1938 was:

  • Chosen: 24,327,326 or 23,000,000
  • Formosa: 5,746,959 or 5,212,426
  • Karafuto: 339,357 or 295,000
  • South Manchuria Railway zone/Kwantung/South Mandate: 1,339,123; or 1,255,570 in Kwantung and 121,128 in South Mandate during 1938

producing a total in 1940 of 105,226,101.

The population density in 1938 was 939 per square mile (363/km²) for the whole empire, and 490 for Japan proper; Japan had 3,116 peasants for each farmed square mile (1203/km²). See also Japanese demography before WWII.

[edit] Birth rates for the Japanese population

Some dates and figures:

  • In 1914, the Japanese birth rate stood at 15%, close to that of Germany or Russia, slightly lower than Java (Dutch Indies) at 22%. There was a reduction to 13.6% in 1924. For example in Japan proper there were 157 inhabitants per km², and Hokkaido had 184 residents in per km² (cf. Java, which had 274).
  • In 1925 the population grew by 875,000 per year, in 1926 by 900,000, in 1927 this number grew to 1,000,000. In next last four years the annual increase in population averaged 900,000, but in 1932-1940 the net growth was more than 1,000,000 per year, a rate which would double the population in 40 years. Japan imported 10% of the food for this population.
  • In 1936 Japan had 30.3 births per 1,000 residents and 17.5 deaths per 1,000. The net increase in population was 1,028,623 in 1935, but notably reduced to 653,000 in 1939 and 239,000 in 1940. Among the great countries the birth average of Japan immediately followed British India (34.9) and was double that of the United States (16.7). This was accompanied by a growth in rice production between 1880-1940 of 60 million koku (300 million bushels).
  • Japanese thinkers were preoccupied with demographics: for augment of rate of deaths and reduction of births in ones 13% and comparing this with growing in China and Soviet Union. Army ideologists pondered the question and produced a eugenics law which ordered the sterilization or abortion of inferior or inadequate babies and ordered the increase of birth physically "perfect" future Samurai warriors. The Japanese government gave economic support to all mothers having many children. These experts planned a ten-year program to increase the number of soldiers to the number of 100,000,000. If needed for conquest purposes why Japanese mothers "manufactured" three million babies or in other words s sixfold increase in this "production" by all Japanese women.

These programs were guided by Katsuko Tojo, General Tojo's wife. She said why take ones seven children and suggested this should be Correct Japanese mother, inclusive the central government for she suggest, making one program for increased the number of marriages.

[edit] Farming

See Japanese agriculture before WWII

[edit] Land transport

See Transportation in the Empire of Japan

[edit] Electric energy

In 1925, Japan's hydroelectric power reserves were estimated as 5,000,000 hp (2.7 gigawatts). Of this, about 1,500,000 hp (1.1 GW) were in active use.

The other energy sources were the electric power, provided from water or coal/oil. The abrupt topography and intense rains in central range zones favoured the hydroelectric energy source. In 1936 the total consumption of hydroelectric energy rose to about 20,000 million kilowatt-hours, compared to 5,000 million kilowatts-hours produced from coal.

On the other hand, a growth of 50% in hydroelectric energy over the five previous years was not adequate to satisfy a growth total demand across the nation by 250%. Japan count still with hydraulic energy sources no exploited, but in your majority are scarcy tall and possess very little sites for water reserves for these installations. Of a theoretical production capacity of 10 million kilowatts, the average regular use. In 1936 having 12,176,098 customs but the number of lights represent an average of 3.6%. The major employ of electricity correspond to three great centres surrounding the Hida Mountains (Japanese Alps for foreigners) Tokio and Yokohama; Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe and Nagoya. The development of these energy source are since from 1891 to the First Chinese-Japanese war in 1894-1895. The research for government in 1923 estimated why the total power having to develop are of 6,500,000 horsepower (4.8 GW) potentially and 14,280,000 horsepower (10.6 GW) in regular level. The local electric empresses in functions at the end of 1924, are 4,472 developed ones 2,230 MW of theirs 1,470 MW are of hydroelectric production. During 1933 having augment these empresses in ones 67,339 to developed 5,000 MW of theirs 3,110 MW are for hydroelectric production. Additionally having various installations in construction, for all theatrically debt exist immense reserved of energy to await development.

Of the rivers flowing into the Sea of Japan, the most important are:

  • Shinano River
  • Akano (each one possess the capacity to develop ones middle million of horsepower)
  • Jintsu
  • Kurobe
  • Sho
  • Mogami
  • Hime
  • Kuzuryu
  • Joganji
  • Tetori

For other hand the rivers with curse arriving to Pacific stay:

  • Kiso
  • Tenryu (both mentioned possess one capacity to develop more than 500,000 horsepower (370 MW)
  • Fuji
  • Tone
  • Oh-ni
  • Kitakami
  • Abukuma
  • Kino

These rivers stay in convenient for more adequate use to principal centres mentioned before.

Some operative electric power plants are: Matsumoto, Kiso and Fuji.

[edit] Naval construction industry

In 1893 naval construction was in the range 177,000 to 1,528,000 tons. In 1913 this increased to 3,565,000 tons. In 1924 with ones 237 vessels of 500 tons and others 11 of 10,000 tonnes for continuing your growing at 4,140,000 tonnes in 1928. The Japanese Navy was third in the world behind British and American Navies and dominated the West Pacific area before the war. The first modern Shipyard if founded in 1891 since this time the naval constructions are rapidly advanced. The Japanese boats of more 100 tonnes represents one tonnage total registered of 5,007,000 tonnes of theirs 1,198,000 correspond to naval construction period of 1936-1938. This putting at Nation in third place between maritime powers, one notably realization in more short times. The old vessels are destroyed or disarmed of mode why the regular fleet are efficient and modern. Without scarcity of Petrol, much of these modern vessels are pushed for these energy source.

[edit] Military industry

This sector was important from the First Chinese-Japanese war to the Pacific War.

Large industrial groups received large investment for making weapons for Japanese Army and Navy in national war efforts. In military aircraft industry exist the next names of important companies how:

For the Japanese Navy:

For the Japanese Army:

  • Nikkoku
  • Yokoi
  • Maeda
  • Rikugun/Kokukosho
  • Rikugun/Kogiken
  • Tachikawa (2,078,832 weapons)
  • Kawasaki (2,172,875 weapons)
  • Kokusai (60,037 weapons)
  • Kayaba

For both armed branches:

  • Nakajima (2,052,157 (army) and 3,148,417 (navy) weapons)
  • Mitsubishi (2,503,194 (army) and 1,287,742 (navy) weapons)

For Manchukuo and the Japanese Army:

and other related companies.

In other war material, the name of Nambu Company are charged for making hand weapons for both armed branches, the Mitsubishi heavy Industries with your subsidiaries (Hitachi Company, Ikegai Iron works, Sagami Arsenal (factory) and others) possess the contract to manufacture the second Tank Type in use for armed forces the Medium Tank Type 97 or Chi-Ha and Shinhoto-Chi-Ha with a total of 1,049 units made in 1938-1941.

  • The first prototypes of Type 97 Medium Tank are constructed for Tokyo Plant of Mitsubishi Heavy industries Ltd. and Osaka Arsenal. The engine are designed by Mitsubishi and Ikegai Iron Works Ltd.
  • Production numbers of Medium Tank type 97:
    • 1938 (25 units)
    • 1939 (202 units)
    • 1940 (315 units)
    • 1941 (507 units)
    • 1942 (531 units)
    • 1943 (543 units)
    • 1944 (production ceased)
  • Total by factories:
    • Mitsubishi: (1,224 units)
    • Hitachi: (355 units)
  • Other factory why construct these tank are:
    • Sagami Arsenal
  • Of theirs ones:
    • 2,123 units of "Shinhoto-Chi-Ha" (New turret version)
    • Unknown cypher of "Chi-Ha" (regular model)
  • Total production stay in ones 1,049 units between 1938-1941.

The shipyards of Mitsubishi and Kawasaki heavy industries jointly with Naval arsenals making the war vessels and Submarines need for Japanese navy and exist other industrialist groups why manufactured other equipments needed for these war efforts too. Apart debt at your agreements with Germany, theirs receiving much military technology and samples of weapons for develop in country or Japanese government buying any licenses to making and the prototypes for same purpose too.

Additionally Japanese before and during last times of war, developed some types of unusual military combat infantry techniques, artifacts, special weapons and certain weapons of mass destruction between other various bellicose equipment. Theirs are collectively named "Japanese Secret and Special Weapons".

For this, also see "Japanese Secret and Special Weapons".

[edit] Japanese-German military technology collaboration

See Japanese-German pre-WWII industrial co-operation

[edit] Japanese Nuclear energy research

See Japanese Nuclear Weapons Development

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