Elm species, varieties, cultivars and hybrids

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Contents 1 Species, varieties 2 Species cultivars 3 Hybrids and hybrid cultivars 4 References

[edit] Species, varieties

• "Mountain elms": spring flowering; flowers subsessile; leaves usually rough above.
  • Ulmus bergmanniana - Bergmann's Elm.
  • Ulmus castaneifolia - Chestnut-leafed Elm.
  • Ulmus changii
  • Ulmus chumlia (syn. U. androssowii var. subhirsuta).
  • Ulmus elongata
  • Ulmus gaussenii
  • Ulmus glabra - Wych Elm.
  • Ulmus glaucescens
  • Ulmus laciniata - Manchurian Elm.
    • Ulmus laciniata var. nikkoensis
  • Ulmus lamellosa
  • Ulmus macrocarpa - Large-fruited Elm.
  • Ulmus microcarpa
    

    

    Immature elm seeds
  • Ulmus prunifolia
  • Ulmus rubra - Slippery Elm or Red Elm.
  • Ulmus uyematsui - Arishan Elm.
  • Ulmus wallichiana - Himalayan Elm or Kashmir Elm.

• "Field elms": spring flowering; flowers subsessile; leaves usually smooth above.
  • Ulmus canescens (syn. U. minor subsp. canescens) - Grey Elm, Grey-leafed Elm, Hoary Elm.
  • Ulmus chenmoui
  • Ulmus davidiana - David Elm
    • U. davidiana var. japonica (syns. U. wilsoniana, U. propinqua) - Japanese Elm or Wilson's Elm.
  • Ulmus harbinensis
  • Ulmus lanceifolia (syn. U. tonkinensis).
  • Ulmus minor - Field Elm.
    • U. minor subsp. angustifolia (syn. U. minor var. cornubiensis, U. stricta) - Cornish Elm.
    • U. minor subsp. minor (syn. U. carpinifolia) - Smooth-leaved Elm.
    • U. minor var. plotii (syn. U. minor var. lockii) - Plot's Elm, or Goodyer's Elm, Lock Elm.
    • U. minor subsp. sarniensis - Guernsey Elm, Jersey Elm, Southampton Elm, or Wheatley Elm.
  • Ulmus procera (syn. U. minor var. vulgaris) - English Elm or Atinian Elm.
  • Ulmus pseudopropinqua.
  • Ulmus pumila - Siberian Elm.
  • Ulmus szechuanica
  • Ulmus villosa - Cherry Bark Elm.

• "White elms": spring flowering; flowers pedunculate
  • Ulmus alata - Winged Elm or Wahoo.
  • Ulmus americana - American Elm.
  • Ulmus laevis - European White Elm, Fluttering Elm, Spreading Elm, (USA only) Russian Elm.
  • Ulmus thomasii - Rock Elm.

• "Autumn-flowering elms": autumn flowering.
  • Ulmus crassifolia - Cedar Elm.
  • Ulmus parvifolia - Chinese Elm or Lacebark Elm.
  • Ulmus serotina - September Elm.

[edit] Species cultivars

• • Ulmus alata - Lace Parasol.
  • Ulmus americana - American Elm: American Liberty, Ascendens, Augustine, Aurea, Beaverlodge, Beebe's Weeping, Brandon, Columnaris, Delaware, Exhibition, Fiorei, Independence, Jefferson, Klehmii, Lake City, Lewis & Clark Prairie Expedition™, Littleford, Minneapolis, Moline, Morden, New Harmony, Nigricans, Patmore, Pendula, Princeton, Queen City, Valley Forge, Vase, Washington.
  • Ulmus crassifolia - Cedar Elm: Brazos Rim
  • Ulmus davidiana var. japonica - Japanese Elm or Wilson's Elm: Discovery, Emerald Sunshine, Freedom, Jacan, Mitsui Centennial, Prospector, Thomson.
  • Ulmus glabra - Wych Elm: Atropurpurea, Camperdownii (Camperdown Elm), Cebennensis Cevennes Elm, Cornuta, Crispa, Exoniensis (Exeter Elm), Gittisham, Insularis, Lutescens (Golden Wych Elm), Monstrosa, Nana (Dwarf Wych Elm), Pendula (syn. Horizontalis - Weeping Wych Elm, Horizontal Elm), Purpurea.
  • Ulmus minor subsp. minor - Smooth-leafed Elm: Christine Buisman, Bea Schwarz, Berardii, Biltii, Dijkwel, Hoersholmiensis, Propendens, Rueppellii, Schuurhoek, Silvery Gem, Umbraculifera, Variegata (Variegated Smooth-leaved Elm), Webbiana.
  • Ulmus parvifolia - Chinese Elm or Lacebark Elm: 38 known cultivars, mostly American: A. Ross Central Park (Central Park Splendor™), Bosque, Burgundy, Chessins, Cork Bark, D.B.Cole, Drake, Dynasty, Ed Wood, Elsmo, Emer I or Emerald Isle (Athena™), Emer II or Emerald Vase (Allee™), Garden City Clone, Geisha, Glory, Golden Ray, Hallelujah, Jade Empress, Matthew, Milliken, Ohio, Pathfinder, Prairie Shade, Red Fall, Sempervirens, State Fair, The Thinker, Todd, True Green, Zettler. Many others such as Catlin, Corticosa, Frosty, Hokkaido, Nire-keyaki, Seiju, Stone's Dwarf and Yatsubusa are dwarf or miniature forms raised for patios or bonsai resp.
  • Ulmus pumila - Siberian Elm: Ansaloni, Aurescens, Chinkota, Den Haag, Dropmore, Hansen, Harbin, Koopmannii, Lincoln, Manchu, Park Royal, Variegata.

[edit] Hybrids and hybrid cultivars

• • Ulmus × brandisiana. U. chumlia × U. wallichiana. Natural hybrid. India, Pakistan.
  • Ulmus × elegantissima Jacqueline Hillier. Origin obscure, possibly U. glabra × U. minor var. plotii. [1]. UK.
  • Ulmus × hollandica. U. glabra × U. minor. Natural hybrid. Europe. Cultivars and artificial hybrids include:
    • Australis syn. Italica, Belgica (Belgian Elm), Dampieri, Dauvessei, Daveyi (Davey Elm), Groeneveld, Hillieri, Klemmer, Major (Dutch Elm), Pioneer, Pitteursii, Serpentina, Smithii, syn. Pendula (Downton Elm), Superba, Vegeta (Huntingdon Elm, Chichester Elm), Viscosa (elm hybrid)|Viscosa]], Virens Kidbrook Elm, Wredei (Golden Elm).
  • Ulmus × viminalis. U. minor subsp. minor x U. minor var. plotii. England, 1677. Cultivars include:
    • Aurea, Marginata (syn. Argentea).
  • Ulmus Cathedral. U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica. USA, 1994.
  • Ulmus Charisma: See under Ulmus Morton Glossy (Triumph ™).
  • Ulmus Clusius. (U. glabra Exoniensis × U. wallichiana) × U. minor Bea Schwarz selfed. Netherlands, 1983.
  • Ulmus Columella. Plantyn or Plantijn selfed. Netherlands, 1989.
  • Ulmus Commelin. U. × hollandica Vegeta × U. minor. Netherlands, 1960.
  • Ulmus Coolshade. U. rubra × U. pumila. USA, 1946.
  • Ulmus Dodoens. U. glabra × U. wallichiana selfed. Netherlands, 1973.
  • Ulmus Frontier. U. minor × U. parvifolia. USA, 1990.
  • Ulmus Green King. U. rubra × U. pumila. USA, c.1965.
  • Ulmus Hamburg. U. americana x U. pumila? USA, c.1932.
  • Ulmus Homestead. U. pumila x (Commelin x (U. pumila × U. minor Hoersholmiensis)). USA.
  • Ulmus Lobel. (U. glabra Exoniensis × U. wallichiana) × U. minor Bea Schwarz selfed. Netherlands, 1973.
  • Ulmus Morton (Accolade ™). U. davidiana var. japonica × U. wilsoniana. [2]. USA, 2000.
  • Ulmus Morton Glossy (Triumph ™). Accolade ™ × Vanguard ™. USA, 2000.
  • Ulmus Morton Plainsman (Vanguard ™). U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica. USA, 2000.
  • Ulmus Morton Red Tip (Danada Charm ™). U. davidiana var. japonica × U. wilsoniana. USA.
  • Ulmus Morton Stalwart (Commendation ™). Accolade ™ × (U. pumila × U. minor). USA, 2000.
  • Ulmus Nanguen (LUTECE™). Plantyn × (U. minor Bea Schwarz × U. minor Bea Schwarz selfed). [3]. Netherlands, 2001.
  • Ulmus New Horizon. U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica. USA, 1995.
  • Ulmus Patriot. Urban × U. davidiana var. japonica (formerly Wilson's Elm U. wilsoniana) Prospector. USA, 1993.
  • Ulmus Plantyn or Plantijn. (U. glabra Exoniensis × U. wallichiana) × (U. minor × U. minor). Netherlands, 1973.
  • Ulmus Plinio. Plantyn × U. pumila. Italy, 2002.
  • Ulmus Regal. U. pumila x (Commelin x (U. pumila × U. minor Hoersholmiensis)). USA.
  • Ulmus San Zanobi. Plantyn × U. pumila. Italy, 2002.
  • Ulmus Sapporo Autumn Gold. U. pumila × U. davidiana var. japonica. USA, 1973?
  • Ulmus Stavast. Netherlands. c.1985.
  • Ulmus Urban. U. pumila x (Commelin x (U. pumila × U. minor Hoersholmiensis)). USA.
  • Ulmus VADA™ Warnoux (Plantyn x Plantyn selfed). Netherlands, 2006.
  • Ulmus Willis. U. pumila x U. rubra? Canada, 1958.
  • and others without formal hybrid names

[edit] References

• Armstrong, J. V. & Sell, P. D. (1996). A revision of the British elms (Ulmus L., Ulmaceae): the historical background. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 120: 39-50.
• Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London.
• Brasier, C. M. (1996). New horizons in Dutch elm disease control. Pages 20-28 in: Report on Forest Research 1996. Forestry Commission. HMSO, London, UK.
• Brookes, A. H. (2006). An evaluation of disease-resistant hybrid and exotic elms as larval host plants for the White-letter Hairstreak butterfly Satyrium w-album, Part 1. Butterfly Conservation, Lulworth, UK.
• Burdekin, D. A. & Rushforth, K. D. (Revised by Webber J. F. 1996). Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease. Arboricultural Research Note 2/96. Arboricultural Advisory and Information Service, Alice Holt, Farnham, UK.
• Collin, E. (2001). Elm. In Teissier du Cros (Ed.) (2001) Forest Genetic Resources Management and Conservation. France as a case study. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Bureau of Genetic Resources. INRA DIC. France.
• Cornell University: Elm hybrids (pdf file)
• Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. pp 1848-1929. Private publication [4]
• Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [5]
• Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. (1971). Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin, Vol. 26 (1). Kew, London.
• Northern Arizona University: Elm trials.
• Richens, R. H. (1983). Elm. Cambridge University Press.
• Santamour, J., Frank, S. & Bentz, S. (1995). Updated checklist of elm (Ulmus) cultivars for use in North America. Journal of Arboriculture, 21:3 (May 1995), 121-131. International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, USA.
• Santini, A., Fagnani, A., Ferrini, F. & Mittempergher, L. (2002). 'San Zanobi' & 'Plinio' Elm Trees. HortScience, Vol. 37 (7) : 1139-1141. Dec. 2002.
• Smalley, E. B. & Guries, R. P. (1993). Breeding Elms for Resistance to Dutch Elm Disease. Annual Review of Phytopathology Vol. 31 : 325-354. Palo Alto, California.
• Ware, G. (1995). Little-known elms from China: landscape tree possibilities. Journal of Arboriculture, (Nov. 1995). International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, USA. [6].