Eli Lilly and Company

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Eli Lilly and Company
Eli Lilly logo
Type Public (NYSE: LLY)
Founded 1876
Headquarters Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
Key people Sidney Taurel, Chairman & CEO
John C. Lechleiter, President
Derica Rice, CFO
Eli Lilly, Founder
Industry Pharmaceuticals,
Healthcare
Products Prozac,
Cialis,
Strattera,
Darvocet
Revenue $14.6 billion USD (2005)
Employees 44,500 (2004)
Website www.lilly.com

Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) is a global pharmaceutical company and one of the world's largest corporations.

Eli Lilly's global headquarters is located in Indianapolis, Indiana, in the United States. The company was founded in 1876 by a pharmaceutical chemist, Eli Lilly, for which the company was ultimately named.

Contents

[edit] Fortune 500 company

A Fortune 500 corporation, Eli Lilly had revenues of $14.6 billion in 2005, making it the 148th largest company in the United States. The company is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange and is a member of the S&P 500 stock index. Eli Lilly is one of the Nifty Fifty stocks that propelled the late 20th century bull market.

[edit] Pharmaceutical brands

Eli Lilly is a leading global manufacturer and distributor of pharmaceutical therapies for cancer, cardiovascular disease, central nervous system, diabetic and endocrine system disorders, infectious diseases, and other diagnoses.

[edit] Prozac

Among the company's major pharmaceutical breakthroughs are cephalosporin, erythromycin, insulin, and, with Prozac® (fluoxetine), the world's first and most prominent selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor for the treatment of clinical depression. Prozac has been a breakthrough therapy, and the first such therapy in its class to treat clinical depression by stimulating the release of serotonin within the human brain. It is the best-selling anti-depressant in history and gave rise to a number of comparably-functioning therapies for the treatment of clinical depression and other central nervous system disorders.

[edit] Cialis

In 2003, Eli Lilly introduced Cialis® (tadalafil), a competitor to Pfizer's blockbuster Viagra for erectile dysfunction. Cialis was developed in a partnership with biotechnology company ICOS. Cialis maintains an active period of 36 hours, causing it sometimes to be dubbed the "weekend pill".

With its television advertisement for Cialis during the 2004 Super Bowl Halftime Show, Eli Lilly was one of several companies whose costly 2004 Super Bowl Halftime advertisement was largely overshadowed by the Janet Jackson and Justin Timberlake Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy.

[edit] Acquisition of ICOS

In October 2006, Eli Lilly announced that it was acquiring ICOS for $2.1 billion, or $32 a share.

[edit] Methadone

Eli Lilly was the first distributor of methadone, an analgesic used frequently in the treatment of heroin, opium and other opioid and narcotic drug addictions.

Eli Lilly and Company's global headquarters, in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Enlarge
Eli Lilly and Company's global headquarters, in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

[edit] Thimerosal

Eli Lilly also developed the controversial vaccine preservative Thiomersal (also called Merthiolate®). Thimersosal is effectual by causing susceptible bacteria to autolyze.

[edit] Secobarbital

Eli Lilly has manufactured Secobarbital, a barbiturate derivative with anaesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative and hypnotic properties. Lilly marketed Secobarbital under the brand name Seconal®.

Secobarbital is indicated for the treatment of epilepsy, temporary insomnia and as a pre-operative medication to produce anaesthesia and anxiolysis in short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures which are minimally painful. With the onset of new therapies for the treatment of these conditions, Secobarbital has been less utilized, and Lilly ceased manufacturing it in 2001.

[edit] Secobarbital abuse and role in Jimi Hendrix's death

Secobarbital gained national notoriety in the late 1960s and 1970s when the drug gained popularity in the drug subculture because of its hypnotic effects. It was used illegally and often excessively, sometimes in combination with other drugs.

Commonly known as "reds" in the drug culture because of the tablet's color, Secobarbital was a source of numerous drug overdoses during this period, the most notable of which was that of rock guitarist legend Jimi Hendrix, who purportedly took nine Secobarbital tablets the night of September 18, 1970, after a night of drinking alcohol, and was later found dead in his sleep in his London apartment. The cause of Hendrix' death was labeled asphyxiation after Hendrix vomited in his sleep from the excessive Secobarbital dose and alcohol and was unable to awaken.

Secobarbital also was an underlying theme of Jacqueline Susann's novel Valley of the Dolls and the film of the same name. In the novel and film, three hugely talented young women rise to various levels of success and fame, while using Secobarbital, but they ultimately fall victim, in various ways, to the drug. One of the most successful novels of all time, it has sold over 30 million copies since its 1966 release.

[edit] Strattera and adult ADHD

In 2002, Lilly marketed a drug called Strattera®, the first non-stimulant medication approved for the treatment of Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and also the first to be specifically marketed to adults with this disorder.

Strattera has been used by more than two million patients. In 2004, Strattera grossed $632 million, or roughly 25 percent, of the $2.6 billion U.S. ADHD pharmaceutical market, and was the fastest growing medication in this market.

Strattera has received a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) black-box warning, the highest level of warning a drug can receive, as a result of studies showing a possible link between use of the drug and suicidal thoughts in children, as well as possible liver damage in adults. Lilly acknowledges that the medication has several other side effects, including pain during urination and orgasm, urinary retention, a tightening of the scrotum, mood swings, and dry mouth.

Several internet sources, including FAQ Farm, allege horror stories of people using this medication. Though Strattera was originally developed as an anti-depressant, the drug also has received FDA approval for use in the treatment of adult ADHD, which has become its more common clinical use.

Lilly owns the domain adultadd.com, which allows visitors to take a test to see if they have the alleged condition, and the company has run advertising campaigns to raise awareness of the condition. This has been controversial because there are some medical professionals who believe that ADHD is overdiagnosed and that companies like Lilly have perpetuated this with extensive television and other marketing. Some even contend that the condition does not even exist in adults, though Lilly and other medical professionals have disagreed with this position.

[edit] Other therapies

In addition to Prozac, some of Lilly's well known product trademarks include Alimta® (for mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer), Actos® (for Type 2 diabetes), Byetta® (for Type 2 diabetes), Cymbalta® (for pain and major depressive disorders), Darvocet® (for mild to moderate pain), Evista® (for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis), Forteo® (for osteoporosis), Gemzar® (a chemotherapy agent for lung, pancreatic and other cancers), Humalog® (for diabetes), Humatrope® (human growth hormone for pediatric growth disorders), Xigris® (for severe sepsis), Symbyax® (for bipolar disorder), and Zyprexa® (for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder).

[edit] Personnel

Eli Lilly has a global reputation for attracting global leaders in the fields of health policy, management, and scientific research. Prominent former Lilly employees include:

Prominent Lilly board members have included:

[edit] Accolades

In 2006, Fortune magazine named Eli Lilly one of the top 100 companies in the United States for which to work. Also in 2006, Barron's Magazine named the company among the top 500 best managed companies in the U.S. The company was named one of the top 10 Best Companies for working mothers in 2004 by Working Mothers magazine.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

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