Education in Myanmar

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*Myanmar Education System*
Ph.D.		Years 6-9
Master's or M.B.B.S.		Years 5-6
University	degree-oriented	Years 3-4
	regional college	Years 1-2 you are the gayest person on the face of this earth get a life this website sucks because you can come on here and put in stupid stufff and no one knows it
Upper secondary		Standards 9-10
Lower secondary		Standards 6-8
Primary		Standards 1-5
Kindergarten		K1-K3
Note: Engineering takes 6 year study and correspondence degrees are five years in length, while Medicine is a six and half year long study, with a separate degree.

The education system of Myanmar is operated by the Ministry of Education. Universities and professional institutes from upper Myanmar and lower Myanmar are run by two separate entities, the Departments of Higher Learning 1 and 2, whose offices are based in Mandalay and Yangon respectively. The education system is based on the United Kingdom's system, due to nearly a century of British presence in Myanmar. Nearly all schools are government-operated, but recently, there has been an increase in privately funded schools (which specialise in English). Schooling is compulsory until the end of elementary school. Many students attend universities at overseas countries such as Singapore and Thailand for a Master's degree.

The literacy rate of Myanmar, according the UNESCO Institute of Statistics (2005) stands at 89.7% (males: 93.7%, females: 86.2%), although there is dispute over the accuracy of the provided literacy rates.

English is taught as a second language from Kindergarten.

The annual budget allocated to education by the government is low; only about 1.2% is spent per year on education.

1 History
2 Preschool and Kindergarten
3 Primary education
4 Secondary education
5 Tertiary education
6 References
7 External links

[edit] History

Education in Myanmar has long been regarded as important and significant. Traditionally, boys were taught at monastery schools, where they would learn Burmese and basic arithmetic skills. However, British colonial rule caused a shift towards a Westernised education system. Christian missionary schools in Yangon, Mandalay and other major cities served as preparatory schools for the upper classes. During this period Burmese universities were thought to be the most prestigious in Southeast Asia.

When Myanmar gained independence in 1948, the government sought to create a literate and educated population, and Myanmar was believed to be on its way to become the first Asian Tiger in the region. However, military dictatorship took hold in 1962 and Myanmar became an isolated and impoverished nation. All schools were nationalised and standards began to fall. When the government renamed itself the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) in the early 1990s, major universities such as the University of Yangon (formerly known as Rangoon Arts and Sciences University) and the University of Mandalay were shut down due to continuing student unrest and protests. However, they were reopened in the late 1990s.

Today, Myanmar lags far behind in terms of educational standards. Once at its zenith in the region, Myanmar today has unqualified teachers, very little resources, and aging materials. Many universities have been built and scattered throughout cities to prevent students from potential unrest.

[edit] Preschool and Kindergarten

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[edit] Primary education

Primary education is officially compulsory, although many children do not attend. It lasts five years, and to continue onto secondary school, students must pass a comprehensive examination of basic subjects.

[edit] Secondary education

Secondary education is divided into middle schools (standards 6 - 8), and upon passing the Basic Education Standard VIII Examination, students continue onto high schools, which cover standards 9 -10. At the end of standard 10, students must pass the Basic Education Standard X Examination (matriculation exam.) in order to receive their diplomas. Those, who pass six subjects with substantially higher scores, continue their tertiary education at the Institutes of Medicine in Yangon or Mandalay or Magway. Students who do pass the matriculation examination receive either Diploma A or Diploma B. Those with Diploma A are allowed to continue their educations at university.

Secondary schools are usually combined, containing both middle and high schools. Children of military personnel and those with military connections are often given easier access to the more prestigious secondary schools. There is much corruption in educational equality.

[edit] Tertiary education

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Tertiary education is provided by universities and institutes (training schools, colleges, and professional institutes). They are all state institutions, under the control of Departments of Higher Education (for both lower and upper Myanmar). The Institutes of medicine are under the authority of the Ministry of Health. All tertiary education tuition fees are state-financed, and therefore free. The oldest and most prestigious university in Myanmar is the University of Yangon (formerly Rangoon Arts and Sciences University), which was founded in 1878 as a subsidiary of the University of Calcutta. Universities, which were breeding grounds of opposing political views was the reason the government shut them down. However, they began reopening in the late 1990s. There are often cases of racial discrimination and nepotism. Universities, colleges & institutes are increasing in number but decrease in quality. Inadequate buildings, teaching equipments, qualified teachers are main problems. Policy of Government also effect the education. Many graduates ascond their country lead to country more poorer.