Dwang
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A 'Noggin (ENG) or Dwang (SCT,NZ) is a horizontal bracing piece used between wall studs or floor joists to give rigidity to the wall or floor frames of a building. Traditionally they are of timber but are now also a feature of steel or aluminium framing. If made of timber they are cut very slightly longer than the space between the studs or joists and driven into place in order to fit tightly or rebated into the stud.
The interval between noggins will be dictated by the local building codes and by the type of timber used but a typical timber framed house in a non-cyclonic area will have two or three noggins per storey between each stud. Additional noggins may be added as grounds for later fixings.
Noggins on vertical studs generally brace the stud against bending under load; noggins on floor joists prevent the joist from twisting, or rotating under load (lateral-torsional buckling) and are often fixed at intervals, in pairs diagonally for that reason.
Noggins provide no bracing effect in shear and are generally supplemented by diagonal bracing to prevent the frame from racking.
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