Dry Creek to Port Adelaide railway
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The Dry Creek to Port Adelaide railway is an 8 km (5 mile) east – west line running through Adelaide’s north-western suburbs. The line is controlled by ARTC and is an important link between Port Adelaide, Pelican Point and the main interstate rail routes which link Adelaide with Melbourne, Perth, Darwin and Sydney.
The main traffic using the Dry Creek to Port Adelaide line today is:
- Intermodal freight trains (import/export containers).
- Bulk grain trains from agricultural areas of South Australia for export via Port Adelaide.
- Other freight trains servicing industrial installations on the Le Fevre Peninsula (such as the Mobil oil terminal and Penrice Soda Products).
Prior to 1988, a limited local passenger service operated, stopping at 5 intermediate stations along the line. Since May 1988, Dry Creek to Port Adelaide has been freight-only.
The route is mainly single track and is dual gauge throughout. Both broad gauge (1600 mm, 5 ft 3 in) and standard gauge (1435 mm, 4 ft 8½ in) trains regularly use the line. The section between Dry Creek and Gillman Junction is particularly busy and ARTC has plans to install a crossing loop at Wingfield to help ease delays.
Heading from Dry Creek, the line divides at Gillman Junction. One branch heads northwest to the rail yard & wharves at Port Flat on the eastern bank of the Port River.
The other branch, known as the Rosewater Loop, curves southwest through the suburbs of Ottoway and Rosewater to join TransAdelaide's suburban line to Outer Harbor at Port Adelaide "A" Junction (just north of Alberton). This route continues along TransAdelaide tracks through the stations at Port Adelaide and Ethelton before branching off at Glanville. From Glanville an industrial line follows the western side of the Port River through Birkenhead and Osborne to the new container facility at Pelican Point, Outer Harbor.
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[edit] History of the line
The Dry Creek to Port Adelaide railway was opened on 1 February 1868. Its original purpose was to allow goods and minerals from South Australia’s mid-north and the River Murray (at Morgan) to reach the Port without needing to travel via Adelaide. This line ran directly into Port Dock station (now closed) which was Port Adelaide’s main rail yard in the 19th Century.
Over the years, various alterations were made to the line as branch lines and goods yards opened and subsequently closed.
One of the most important additions was the Rosewater Loop, which opened on 14 November 1915. The Rosewater Loop was built to help alleviate congestion at Port Dock yard. It linked at Port Adelaide "A" Junction with a new route to Glanville via the Commercial Road viaduct and Ethelton and helped divert all through trains away from the Port Dock bottleneck. This relatively new addition to the railway infrastructure is now the main line.
The station and goods yards at Port Dock closed in 1981 and the original route into Port Adelaide through the Gillman marshalling yards closed when the Gillman yards were closed and removed in the early 1990s. The old Port Dock is now the site of the National Railway Museum - Port Adelaide.
In 1978, ownership and control of the Dry Creek to Port Adelaide line shifted from the State Government-controlled State Transport Authority (STA) to the Commonwealth-controlled Australian National Railways (AN). However the STA continued to operate local passenger trains over the route.
In 1982 the line was converted from broad gauge to dual gauge track. This coincided with AN’s conversion of the Crystal Brook to Adelaide line to standard gauge that same year.
Following conversion of the Adelaide to Melbourne corridor to standard gauge in 1995, a south-to-west triangle was constructed at Dry Creek. This link allows trains from Melbourne and the Islington Freight Terminal to travel directly to Port Adelaide without reversing in Dry Creek yard. This section of track is standard gauge only.
[edit] Passenger Services
Apart from a short stretch at the western end, the Dry Creek to Port Adelaide line travels through either industrial areas or undeveloped swampland. This has meant there has never been much significant passenger traffic on the line, apart from a couple of trains in the morning and another couple in the afternoon for workers commuting to various industrial premises.
In the early years passengers were carried along the line in carriages attached to goods trains. With introduction of railcars to secondary services during the Webb era (the 1920s), things improved and several return trips ran each weekday between Dry Creek and Port Dock using the new railcars. Intermediate stops were available at:-
- Wingfield (3.5 km from Dry Creek)
- North Arm Road (4.5 km)
- Eastern Parade (5.0 km)
- Grand Junction Road (6.0 km)
- Rosewater (7.0 km)
None of these stops had any substantial passenger facilities. They were either short platforms or small step-down structures by the lineside.
With the opening of the Holden car factory at Elizabeth in 1959, extra trains were added from Port Dock running through to GMH Elizabeth at shift-change time. By 1969 trains no longer stopped at Grand Junction Road or Eastern Parade stations. When Port Dock station closed in 1981, these trains were diverted to run to or from Outer Harbor via Commercial Road station.
By 1987 the STA had decided continued operation of the route was uneconomic. Trains ceased to call at Wingfield, North Arm Road and Eastern Parade stations after 31 May 1987. All passenger trains were withdrawn one year later and Rosewater and Grand Junction Road stations closed after the last train on 29 May 1988.
[edit] Future
The State Government of South Australia plans to build several new bridges across the Port River at Port Adelaide, downstream of the inner harbour. One of these will be a rail bridge. Construction is scheduled to start in 2006.
The new rail and road bridges will cause a substantial change (and improvement) in road and rail traffic patterns around Port Adelaide. In particular, all rail freight to and from the Le Fevre Peninsula will then travel along the Gillman Junction to Port Flat line and access the existing line to Pelican Point via the new bridge. Expanded handling facilities are being constructed at Pelican Point and Outer Harbor, including a bulk grain handling terminal and overall rail tonnage is expected to increase.
Once the new rail bridge is opened, the future of the Rosewater Loop, and the short section between Glanville and Birkenhead will become rather uncertain.
[edit] References
- Rails Through Swamp and Sand – A History of the Port Adelaide Railway. M. Thompson pub. Port Dock Station Railway Museum (1988) ISBN 0-9595073-6-1
[edit] See also
- Australian Rail Track Corporation
- Port Dock station
- Port Adelaide station
- Railways in Adelaide
- List of Adelaide railway stations
- List of closed Adelaide railway stations
