Doctrines of civil procedure
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Civil procedure doctrines are rules developed by case law as opposed to being set down in codes or legislation, which, together with Court Rules / Codes, define the steps that a person involved in a civil lawsuit can, may, or can not take.
In the United States Federal jurisdiction, these doctrines have developed to comprehensively deal with certain common issues that arise when a person is involved in bringing, or contemplating bringing a civil lawsuit.
In other jurisdictions, similar doctrines exist (however they are not always referred to as 'Doctrines of Civil Procedure', although often they have much less importance, for example in England and Wales, all Civil Procedure is covered by the Civil Procedure Rules 1998, which according to Part 1 of those rules are a 'new procedural code', and have therefore largely replaced any pre-existing doctrines.