Desert Finch
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| Carduelis obsoletus (Lichtenstein, 1823) |
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Fringilla obsoleta Lichtenstein, 1823 |
The Desert Finch (Carduelis obsoletus, formerly Rhodopechys obsoleta), sometimes called Lichtenstein's Desert Finch, is a large brown finch found in southern Eurasia. It has an average wingspan of 26 cm. It has a stout black bill, black and white remiges and rectrices, and a slash of rosy-pink on each wing. The female is more dull in color than the male, but other than that the adult sexes are similar in color pattern.
The bird is indeed a desert resident in areas where water is readily available, but it can also be found in low mountains and foothills, and in cultivated valleys. It feeds on seeds and the occasional insect. Nesting occurs in trees in the spring, often in fruit trees in orchards, and the female lays and incubates 4 to 6 pale green, lightly speckled eggs.
This species does not migrate except locally. The Desert Finch congregates near rural and remote human settlements, and the well-watered orchard in otherwise arid land is an ideal habitat. It can be found in feeding in large flocks of its own species or mixed finch flocks.
Recent research by Zamora et al. (2006) has found out that the Desert Finch is more closely related to the greenfinches of the genus Carduelis (or Chloris, if Carduelis is split up) as indicated by DNA sequence analysis, vocalizations, and the presence of a black eye-stripe. Genetically, it seems very close to the common ancestor of the greenfinches. It may be that the latter evolved from a desert form and later developed the green plumage, or that the common ancestor of the greenfinches and the Desert Finch (which lived around 6 million years ago) was a species of semiarid habitat which subsequently diverged into a truly desert-adapted lineage, today represented by the Desert Finch, and the ancestor of a woodlands lineage, the greenfinches. The distinctness of the Desert Finch from the other Rhodopechys species was recognized as early as 1888 by Sharpe[citation needed], but it was not until now that its true affinities were determined.
[edit] References
- Lichtenstein, Martin Heinrich Carl: [Description of Carduelis obsoletus]. In: Eversmann, Eduard Friedrich, Reise von Orenburg nach Buchara. Nebst einem Wortverzeichniss aus der Afghanischen Spracbe begleitet von einem naturhistorischen Anhange und einer Vorrede von Н. Lichtenstein: Appendix 132. Berlin, 1822. [in German]
- Zamora, Jorge; Lowy, Ernesto; Ruiz-del-Valle, Valentin; Moscoso, Juan; Serrano-Vela, Juan Ignacio; Rivero-de-Aguilar, Juan & Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio (2006): Rhodopechys obsoleta (desert finch): a pale ancestor of greenfinches (Carduelis spp.) according to molecular phylogeny. Journal of Ornithology 147(3): 448–456. DOI:10.1007/s10336-005-0036-2 (HTML abstract). Erratum, Journal of Ornithology 147(3): 511–512 DOI:10.1007/s10336-006-0072-6
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