Dendromurinae

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iDendromurines Fossil range: Middle Miocene - Recent
Dendromus mystacalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Rodentia Superfamily: Muroidea Family: Nesomyidae Subfamily: Dendromurinae Alston, 1876
Genera
Dendromus Dendroprionomys Malacothrix Megadendromus Prionomys Steatomys

Dendromurinae is a subfamily of rodents in the family Nesomyidae and superfamily Muroidea. The dendromurines are currently restricted to Africa, as is the case for all extant members of the family Nesomyidae. The authorship of the subfamily has been contributed to both Alston, 1876, and (incorrectly) to G. M. Allen, 1939.

Two genera, Dendromus and Steatomys, are relatively common throughout most of sub-Saharan Africa. The remaining genera are relatively rare and have restricted geographic distributions.

The link rat, Deomys ferugineus, has been traditionally placed in this subfamily, but molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that it is more related to the spiny mice, genus Acomys. The link rat is now placed in the family Muridae and subfamily Deomyinae. Only two of the currently recognized dendromurine genera, Dendromus and Steatomys, have been studied in molecular analyses. Considering how distinct these genera are from one another, the placement of all other dendromurine genera should be considered tentative pending closer examination. Another rare genus of "dendromurines", Leimacomys, has recently been placed in a new subfamily (Leimacomyinae) in the family Muridae (Musser and Carleton, 2005).

Fossils attributed to the Dendromurinae are known from Asia as early as 15 million years ago. It has been thought that dendromurines invaded Africa from there and went extinct in Asia due to competition with other muroids. The same may be holding true at present in Africa as the dendromurines have declined there since the invasion of murines and other muroids.

The subfamily Dendromurinae contains 6 genera and 21 species.

[edit] Classification

• Subfamily Dendromurinae
  • Genus Dendromus - Climbing mice
    • Dendromus insignis
    • Dendromus kahuziensis
    • Dendromus kivu
    • Dendromus lovati
    • Dendromus melanotis
    • Dendromus mesomelas
    • Dendromus messorius
    • Dendromus mystacalis
    • Dendromus nyikae
    • Dendromus oreas
    • Dendromus vernayi
  • Genus Megadendromus - Giant climbing mouse
    • Megadendromus nicolausi - Giant climbing mouse
  • Genus Dendroprionomys - Velvet climbing mouse
    • Dendroprionomys rousseloti - Velvet climbing mouse
  • Genus Prionomys - Dollman's climbing mouse
    • Prionomys batesi - Dollman's climbing mouse
  • Genus Malacothrix - Large-eared mouse
    • Malacothrix typica - Large-eared mouse
  • Genus Steatomys - Fat mice
    • Steatomys caurinus
    • Steatomys cuppedius
    • Steatomys jacksoni
    • Steatomys krebsii
    • Steatomys parvus
    • Steatomys pratensis

[edit] References

• Kingdon, J. 1997. The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals. Academic Press Limited, London.
• Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894-1531 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
• Steppan, S. J., R. A. Adkins, and J. Anderson. 2004. Phylogeny and divergence date estimates of rapid radiations in muroid rodents based on multiple nuclear genes. Systematic Biology, 53:533-553.