Dastgah

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A dastgah is a melody type used in Persian music, on the basis of which a performer produces extemporised pieces. Although 50 or more dastgahs have been used, theorists generally discuss a set of twelve principal ones.

Each dastgah consists of seven basic notes, plus several variable notes used for ornament and modulation. The dastgahs revolve around central nuclear melodies (gusheh) which the individual musician comes to know through experience and absorption. This process of centonization is personal, and it is a tradition of great subtlety and depth. The full collection of gushehs in all dastgahs is called the Radif.

The dastgah system is similar to the Arab use of maqam. Their relationship is probably a result of cultural influence, from Sassanid Persia melodies during Arab conquest of Iran.

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