Cumbria

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Cumbria
Image:EnglandCumbria.png
Geography
Status Ceremonial & Non-metropolitan county
Origin 1974
Region North West England
Area
- Total
- Admin. council		 Ranked 3rd
6,768 km²
Ranked 2nd
Admin HQ Carlisle
ISO 3166-2 GB-CMA
ONS code 16
NUTS 3 UKD11/12
Demographics
Population
- Total (2005 est.)
- Density
- Admin. Council		 Ranked 41st
498,800
73 / km²
Ranked 27th
Ethnicity 99.3% White
Politics
Arms of Cumbria County Council
Cumbria County Council
http://www.cumbria.gov.uk/
Executive Conservative / Liberal Democrats
Members of Parliament
Districts
Image:CumbriaNumbered.png
  1. Barrow-in-Furness
  2. South Lakeland
  3. Copeland
  4. Allerdale
  5. Eden
  6. Carlisle

Cumbria is a county in the North West region of England.

Cumbria is home to the Lake District National Park, considered one of the most beautiful areas of the United Kingdom. The area has provided inspiration for generations of British and foreign artists, writers and musicians.

The highest point of the county (and of the whole of England) is Scafell Pike at 978 m (3209 ft). In fact, all the land in England that is over 3,000 feet is in this county.

Parts of Hadrian's Wall can be found in the northernmost reaches of the county, in and around Carlisle.

Contents

[edit] Boundaries and divisions

Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy areas of Dumfries and Roxburgh, Ettrick and Lauderdale in Scotland.

The boundaries are along the Irish Sea to Morecambe Bay in the west, and along the Pennines to the east. Cumbria's northern boundary stretches from the Solway Firth along the border with Scotland to Northumberland.

It is made up of six districts: Allerdale, Barrow-in-Furness, Carlisle, Copeland, Eden and South Lakeland. For many administrative purposes Cumbria is divided into 3 areas - East, West and South. East being the districts of Carlisle and Eden, West - Allerdale and Copeland and South Lakeland and Barrow making up South Cumbria.

The county returns 6 Members of Parliament to the House of Commons, representing the constituencies of Carlisle, Penrith & The Border, Workington, Copeland, Westmorland and Lonsdale and Barrow & Furness.

[edit] History

The county of Cumbria was created in 1974. It was a combination of the area of the administrative counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, the Cumberland county borough of Carlisle, along with the North Lonsdale or Furness part of Lancashire (including the county borough of Barrow-in-Furness), and from the West Riding of Yorkshire, the Sedbergh Rural District. The name "Cumbria" has been used for the region for centuries.

Following the creation of Cumbria as a non-metropolitan county, some people, particularly those born or brought up in the area, prefer to refer to the Furness area by its traditional county name of Lancashire and the Kendal and surrounding area by its traditional county name of Westmorland. Local papers The Westmorland Gazette and Cumberland and Westmorland Herald are still named on the traditional county basis. Others, including local government, promotional material for the area, the Lake District National Park Authority, and most visitors describe the area as being in "Cumbria". A MORI poll in the county found 79% of those polled identified "very strongly" or "strongly" to Cumbria throughout the county, but dropping to 55% and 71% in Barrow and South Lakeland districts, which incorporate part of historic Lancashire. [1]

The culture of the area was predominantly Celtic until fairly late after the annexation by the Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria (see Rheged), and the name for the area derives from its name in the Cumbric language. It is etymologically connected to the Welsh term Cymru, meaning "Wales". Cumbria remains one of the most Celtic areas of England.


[edit] Dialect

The Cumbrian dialect is spoken throughout the region. There is quite a large variation in accent and words, especially between north and south and west coast

[edit] Economy

This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of East Cumbria at current basic prices published (pp.240-253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.

Year Regional Gross Value Added[2] Agriculture[3] Industry[4] Services[5]
1995 2,679 148 902 1,629
2000 2,843 120 809 1,914
2003 3,388 129 924 2,335

This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of West Cumbria at current basic prices published (pp.240-253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.

Year Regional Gross Value Added[2] Agriculture[3] Industry[4] Services[5]
1995 2,246 63 1,294 888
2000 2,415 53 1,212 1,150
2003 2,870 60 1,420 1,390

[edit] Towns and villages

See the List of places in Cumbria.

Carlisle is the largest and only city in the county, whilst Barrow-in-Furness (the largest town) is between 2 and 3 times larger than the third largest town (Kendal). The 12 most populated settlements in Cumbria are listed below.

Rank Town Population District
1 Carlisle 105,200 City of Carlisle
2 Barrow-in-Furness 71,980 Barrow-in-Furness (borough)
3 Kendal 27,521 South Lakeland
4 Whitehaven 25,500 Copeland
5 Workington 25,000 Allerdale
6 Penrith 14,756 Eden
7 Maryport 11,275 Allerdale
8 Ulverston 11,210 South Lakeland
9 Dalton-in-Furness 11,000 Barrow-in-Furness (borough)
10 Cockermouth 7,787 Allerdale
11 Cleator Moor 6,963 Copeland
12 Millom 6,400 Copeland

[edit] People of interest

[edit] Places of interest

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ [1]
  2. ^ a b Components may not sum to totals due to rounding
  3. ^ a b includes hunting and forestry
  4. ^ a b includes energy and construction
  5. ^ a b includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured

[edit] External links

 Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
United Kingdom • England • Ceremonial counties of England Flag of England
Counties of the Lieutenancies Act 1997

Bedfordshire | Berkshire | City of Bristol | Buckinghamshire | Cambridgeshire | Cheshire | Cornwall | Cumbria | Derbyshire | Devon | Dorset | Durham | East Riding of Yorkshire | East Sussex | Essex | Gloucestershire | Greater London | Greater Manchester | Hampshire | Herefordshire | Hertfordshire | Isle of Wight | Kent | Lancashire | Leicestershire | Lincolnshire | City of London | Merseyside | Norfolk | Northamptonshire | Northumberland | North Yorkshire | Nottinghamshire | Oxfordshire | Rutland | Shropshire | Somerset | South Yorkshire | Staffordshire | Suffolk | Surrey | Tyne and Wear | Warwickshire | West Midlands | West Sussex | West Yorkshire | Wiltshire | Worcestershire


Districts of North West England Flag of England

Allerdale | Barrow-in-Furness | Blackburn with Darwen | Blackpool | Bolton | Burnley | Bury | Carlisle | Chester | Chorley | Congleton | Copeland | Crewe and Nantwich | Eden | Ellesmere Port and Neston | Fylde | Halton | Hyndburn | Knowsley | Lancaster | Liverpool | Macclesfield | Manchester | Oldham | Pendle | Preston | Ribble Valley | Rochdale | Rossendale | St Helens | Salford | Sefton | South Lakeland | South Ribble | Stockport | Tameside | Trafford | Vale Royal | Warrington | West Lancashire | Wigan | Wirral | Wyre

Counties with multiple districts: Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside
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