Crypta napoletana

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The Crypta Napoletana is an old Roman tunnel in Naples passing beneath the Posillipo hill and connecting Naples with the so-called Phlegrean Fields and, then, the town of Pozzuoli along the road known as the via Domiziana. The tunnel is over 700 meters long and was built under the direction of the Roman architect Lucius Cocceius Auctus during the civil war between Octavian and Sextus Pompeius ca.37 BCE. The tunnel is one of a number of such works in the Naples area built by Cocceius.

The tunnel was still in active use as late as the 19th century and shows extensive restoration done by the architects of the Bourbon dynasty of Naples of that period. It was superseded by two modern tunnels in the early 20th century. Today, it is under restoration as an archaeological site. The eastern entrance (that is, on the Naples side) is in the part of Naples known as Piedigrotta ("at the foot of the grotto"); the western end is in the area now called Fuorigrotta ("beyond the grotto"). The Piedigrotta entrance is now enclosed within an archaeological park. The site is also noteworthy for the presence of Virgil's tomb as well as the tomb of the Italian poet Giacomo Leopardi.