Corruption Perceptions Index
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Since 1995, Transparency International has published an annual Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) ordering the countries of the world according to "the degree to which corruption is perceived to exist among public officials and politicians".[1] The organization defines corruption as "the abuse of public office for private gain".[1]
The 2003 poll covered 133 countries; the 2006 survey, 163. A higher score means less (perceived) corruption. The results show seven out of every ten countries (and nine out of every ten developing countries) with an index of less than 5 points out of 10.
Contents |
[edit] Methods and interpretation
Transparency International commissioned Johann Graf Lambsdorff of the University of Passau to produce the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI).[1] The CPI 2005 draws on "16 different polls and surveys from 10 independent institutions… The institutions who provided data for the CPI 2005 are: Columbia University, Economist Intelligence Unit, Freedom House, Information International, International Institute for Management Development, Merchant International Group, Political and Economic Risk Consultancy, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, World Economic Forum and World Markets Research Centre." Early CPIs used public opinion surveys, but now only "experts" are used. TI requires at least three sources to be available in order to rank a country in the CPI.[1]
TI writes in their FAQ on the CPI that "residents' viewpoints correlate well with those of experts abroad. In the past, the experts surveyed in the CPI sources were often business people from industrialised countries; the viewpoint of less developed countries was underrepresented. This has changed over time, giving increasingly voice to respondents from emerging market economies".[1]
As this index is based on polls, the results are subjective and are less reliable for countries with fewer sources. Also, what is legally defined, or perceived, to be corruption differs between jurisdictions: a political donation legal in some jurisdiction may be illegal in another; a matter viewed as acceptable tipping in one country may be viewed as bribery in another. Thus the poll results must be understood quite specifically as measuring public perception rather than being an objective measure of corruption.
Statistics like this are necessarily imprecise; statistics from different years are not necessarily comparable. The ICCR itself explains, "…year-to-year changes in a country's score result not only from a changing perception of a country's performance but also from a changing sample and methodology. Each year, some sources are not updated and must be dropped from the CPI, while new, reliable sources are added. With differing respondents and slightly differing methodologies, a change in a country's score may also relate to the fact that different viewpoints have been collected and different questions been asked… [despite] anti-corruption reform… [or] recent exposure of corruption scandals… [i]t is often difficult to improve a CPI score over a short time period, such as one or two years. The CPI is based on data from the past three years (for more on this, see the question on the sources of data, below). This means that a change in perceptions of corruption would only emerge in the index over longer periods of time".[2]
Increasingly, the CPI is being criticized for deflecting attention from other important types of corruption in global financial centers such as New York and the City of London that deliberately attract and handle many hundreds of billions of dollars in corrupt flows of money each year from poor countries, involving capital flowing "uphill" from poor countries to rich countries, contrary to traditional economic theories.[citation needed]
[edit] Numerical listing
| Country or Region | 2001 Survey | 2002 Survey | 2003 Survey | 2005 Survey | 2006 Survey[3] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Index | Rank | Index | Rank | Index | Rank | Index | Rank | Index | Rank | |
 Afghanistan |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.5 | 117/159 | – | – |
 Albania |
– | – | 2.5 | 81/102 | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.4 | 126/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Algeria |
– | – | – | – | 2.6 | 88/133 | 2.8 | 97/159 | 3.1 | 84/163 |
 Angola |
– | – | 1.7 | 98/102 | 1.8 | 124/133 | 2.0 | 151/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Argentina |
3.5 | 57/91 | 2.8 | 70/102 | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.8 | 97/159 | 2.9 | 93/163 |
 Armenia |
– | – | – | – | 3.0 | 78/133 | 2.9 | 88/159 | 2.9 | 93/163 |
 Australia |
8.5 | 11/91 | 8.6 | 11/102 | 8.8 | 8/133 | 8.8 | 9/159 | 8.7 | 9/163 |
 Austria |
7.8 | 15/91 | 7.8 | 15/102 | 8.0 | 14/133 | 8.7 | 10/159 | 8.6 | 11/163 |
 Azerbaijan |
2.0 | 84/91 | 2.0 | 95/102 | 1.8 | 124/133 | 2.2 | 137/159 | 2.4 | 130/163 |
 Bahrain |
– | – | – | – | 6.1 | 27/133 | 5.8 | 36/159 | 5.7 | 36/163 |
 Bangladesh |
0.4 | 91/91 | 1.2 | 102/102 | 1.3 | 133/133 | 1.7 | 158/159 | 2.0 | 156/163 |
 Barbados |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 6.9 | 24/159 | 6.7 | 24/163 |
 Belarus |
– | – | 4.8 | 36/102 | 4.2 | 53/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.1 | 151/163 |
 Belgium |
6.6 | 24/91 | 7.1 | 20/102 | 7.6 | 17/133 | 7.4 | 19/159 | 7.3 | 20/163 |
 Belize |
– | – | – | – | 4.5 | 46/133 | 3.7 | 62/159 | 3.5 | 66/163 |
 Benin |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.9 | 88/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Bhutan |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 6.0 | 32/163 |
 Bolivia |
2.0 | 84/91 | 2.2 | 89/102 | 2.3 | 106/133 | 2.5 | 117/159 | 2.7 | 105/163 |
 Bosnia-Herzegovina |
– | – | – | – | 3.3 | 70/133 | 2.9 | 88/159 | 2.9 | 93/163 |
 Botswana |
6.0 | 26/91 | 6.4 | 24/102 | 5.7 | 30/133 | 5.9 | 32/159 | 5.6 | 37/163 |
 Brazil |
4.0 | 46/91 | 4.0 | 45/102 | 3.9 | 54/133 | 3.7 | 62/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Bulgaria |
3.9 | 47/91 | 4.0 | 45/102 | 3.9 | 54/133 | 4.0 | 55/159 | 4.0 | 57/163 |
 Burkina Faso |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 3.4 | 70/159 | 3.2 | 79/163 |
 Burundi |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.3 | 130/159 | 2.4 | 130/163 |
 Cambodia |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.3 | 130/159 | 2.1 | 151/163 |
 Cameroon |
2.0 | 84/91 | 2.2 | 89/102 | 1.8 | 124/133 | 2.2 | 137/159 | 2.3 | 138/163 |
 Canada |
8.9 | 7/91 | 9.0 | 7/102 | 8.7 | 11/133 | 8.4 | 14/159 | 8.5 | 14/163 |
 Central African Rep. |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.4 | 130/163 |
 Chad |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 1.7 | 158/159 | 2.0 | 156/163 |
 Chile |
7.5 | 18/91 | 7.5 | 17/102 | 7.4 | 20/133 | 7.3 | 21/159 | 7.3 | 20/163 |
 Colombia |
3.8 | 50/91 | 3.6 | 57/102 | 3.7 | 59/133 | 4.0 | 55/159 | 3.9 | 59/163 |
 Costa Rica |
4.5 | 40/91 | 4.5 | 40/102 | 4.3 | 50/133 | 4.2 | 51/159 | 4.1 | 55/163 |
 Côte d'Ivoire |
– | – | – | – | 2.1 | 118/133 | 1.9 | 152/159 | 2.1 | 151/163 |
 Croatia |
3.9 | 47/91 | 3.8 | 51/102 | 3.7 | 59/133 | 3.4 | 70/159 | 3.4 | 69/163 |
 Cuba |
– | – | – | – | 4.6 | 43/133 | 3.8 | 59/159 | 3.5 | 66/163 |
 Cyprus |
– | – | – | – | 6.1 | 27/133 | 5.7 | 37/159 | 5.6 | 37/163 |
 Czech Republic |
3.9 | 47/91 | 3.7 | 52/102 | 3.9 | 54/133 | 4.3 | 47/159 | 4.8 | 46/163 |
 Dem. Rep. of the Congo |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.1 | 144/159 | 2.0 | 156/163 |
 Denmark |
9.5 | 2/91 | 9.5 | 2/102 | 9.5 | 3/133 | 9.5 | 4/159 | 9.5 | 4/163 |
 Dominica |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.5 | 53/163 |
 Dominican Republic |
– | – | – | – | 3.3 | 70/133 | 3.0 | 85/159 | 2.8 | 99/163 |
 Ecuador |
2.3 | 79/91 | 2.2 | 89/102 | 2.2 | 113/133 | 2.3 | 138/159 | 2.3 | 138/163 |
 Egypt |
3.6 | 54/91 | 3.4 | 62/102 | 3.3 | 70/133 | 3.4 | 70/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 El Salvador |
3.6 | 54/91 | 3.4 | 62/102 | 3.7 | 59/133 | 4.2 | 51/159 | 4.0 | 57/163 |
 Equatorial Guinea |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 1.9 | 152/159 | 2.1 | 151/163 |
 Eritrea |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.9 | 93/163 |
 Estonia |
5.6 | 28/91 | 5.6 | 29/102 | 5.5 | 33/133 | 6.4 | 27/159 | 6.7 | 24/163 |
 Ethiopia |
– | – | 3.5 | 59/102 | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.2 | 137/159 | 2.4 | 130/163 |
 Fiji |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 4.0 | 55/159 | – | – |
 Finland |
9.9 | 1/91 | 9.7 | 1/102 | 9.7 | 1/133 | 9.6 | 2/159 | 9.6 | 1/163 |
 France |
6.7 | 23/91 | 6.3 | 25/102 | 6.9 | 23/133 | 7.5 | 18/159 | 7.4 | 18/163 |
 Gabon |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.9 | 88/159 | 3.0 | 90/163 |
 Gambia |
– | – | – | – | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.7 | 103/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Georgia |
– | – | 2.4 | 85/102 | 1.8 | 124/133 | 2.3 | 130/159 | 2.8 | 99/163 |
 Germany |
7.4 | 20/91 | 7.3 | 18/102 | 7.7 | 16/133 | 8.2 | 16/159 | 8.0 | 16/163 |
 Ghana |
3.4 | 59/91 | 3.9 | 50/102 | 3.3 | 70/133 | 3.5 | 65/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Greece |
4.2 | 42/91 | 4.2 | 44/102 | 4.3 | 50/133 | 4.3 | 47/159 | 4.4 | 54/163 |
 Grenada |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.5 | 66/163 |
 Guatemala |
2.9 | 65/91 | 2.5 | 81/102 | 2.4 | 100/133 | 2.5 | 117/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Guinea |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.9 | 160/163 |
 Guyana |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.5 | 117/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Haiti |
– | – | 2.2 | 89/102 | 1.5 | 131/133 | 1.8 | 155/159 | 1.8 | 163/163 |
 Honduras |
2.7 | 71/91 | 2.7 | 71/102 | 2.3 | 106/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Hong Kong |
7.9 | 14/91 | 8.2 | 14/102 | 8.0 | 14/133 | 8.3 | 15/159 | 8.3 | 15/163 |
 Hungary |
5.3 | 31/91 | 4.9 | 33/102 | 4.8 | 40/133 | 5.0 | 40/159 | 5.2 | 41/163 |
 Iceland |
9.2 | 4/91 | 9.4 | 4/102 | 9.6 | 2/133 | 9.7 | 1/159 | 9.6 | 1/163 |
 India |
2.7 | 71/91 | 2.7 | 71/102 | 2.8 | 83/133 | 2.9 | 88/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Indonesia |
1.9 | 88/91 | 1.9 | 96/102 | 1.9 | 122/133 | 2.2 | 137/159 | 2.4 | 130/163 |
 Iran |
– | – | – | – | 3.0 | 78/133 | 2.9 | 88/159 | 2.7 | 105/163 |
 Iraq |
– | – | – | – | 2.2 | 113/133 | 2.2 | 137/159 | 1.9 | 160/163 |
 Ireland |
7.5 | 18/91 | 6.9 | 23/102 | 7.5 | 18/133 | 7.4 | 19/159 | 7.4 | 18/163 |
 Israel |
7.6 | 16/91 | 7.3 | 18/102 | 7.0 | 21/133 | 6.3 | 28/159 | 5.9 | 34/163 |
 Italy |
5.5 | 29/91 | 5.2 | 31/102 | 5.3 | 35/133 | 5.0 | 40/159 | 4.9 | 45/163 |
 Jamaica |
– | – | 4.0 | 45/102 | 3.8 | 57/133 | 3.6 | 64/159 | 3.7 | 61/163 |
 Japan |
7.1 | 21/91 | 7.1 | 20/102 | 7.0 | 21/133 | 7.3 | 21/159 | 7.6 | 17/163 |
 Jordan |
4.9 | 37/91 | 4.5 | 40/102 | 4.6 | 43/133 | 5.7 | 37/159 | 5.3 | 40/163 |
 Kazakstan |
2.7 | 71/91 | 2.3 | 88/102 | 2.4 | 100/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Kenya |
2.0 | 84/91 | 1.9 | 96/102 | 1.9 | 122/133 | 2.1 | 144/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Kuwait |
– | – | – | – | 5.3 | 35/133 | 4.7 | 45/159 | 4.8 | 46/163 |
 Kyrgyzstan |
– | – | – | – | 2.1 | 118/133 | 2.3 | 130/159 | – | – |
 Laos |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 3.3 | 77/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Latvia |
3.4 | 59/91 | 3.7 | 52/102 | 3.8 | 57/133 | 4.2 | 51/159 | 4.7 | 49/163 |
 Lebanon |
– | – | – | – | 3.0 | 78/133 | 3.1 | 83/159 | 3.6 | 63/163 |
 Lesotho |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 3.4 | 70/159 | 3.2 | 79/163 |
 Liberia |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.2 | 137/159 | – | – |
 Libya |
– | – | – | – | 2.1 | 118/133 | 2.5 | 117/159 | 2.7 | 105/163 |
 Lithuania |
4.8 | 38/91 | 4.8 | 36/102 | 4.7 | 41/133 | 4.8 | 44/159 | 4.8 | 46/163 |
 Luxembourg |
8.7 | 9/91 | 9.0 | 7/102 | 8.7 | 11/133 | 8.5 | 13/159 | 8.6 | 11/163 |
 Macao |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 6.6 | 26/163 |
 Macedonia |
– | – | – | – | 2.3 | 106/133 | 2.7 | 103/159 | 2.7 | 105/163 |
 Madagascar |
– | – | 1.7 | 98/102 | 2.6 | 88/133 | 2.8 | 97/159 | 3.1 | 84/163 |
 Malawi |
3.2 | 61/91 | 2.9 | 68/102 | 2.8 | 83/133 | 2.8 | 97/159 | 2.7 | 105/163 |
 Malaysia |
5.0 | 36/91 | 4.9 | 33/102 | 5.2 | 37/133 | 5.1 | 39/159 | 5.0 | 44/163 |
 Mali |
– | – | – | – | 3.0 | 78/133 | 2.9 | 88/159 | 2.8 | 99/163 |
 Malta |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 6.6 | 25/159 | 6.4 | 28/163 |
 Mauritania |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.1 | 84/163 |
 Mauritius |
4.5 | 40/91 | 4.5 | 40/102 | 4.4 | 48/133 | 4.2 | 51/159 | 5.1 | 42/163 |
 Mexico |
3.7 | 51/91 | 3.6 | 57/102 | 3.6 | 64/133 | 3.5 | 65/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Moldova |
3.1 | 63/91 | 2.1 | 93/102 | 2.4 | 100/133 | 2.9 | 88/159 | 3.2 | 79/163 |
 Mongolia |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 3.0 | 85/159 | 2.8 | 99/163 |
 Morocco |
– | – | 3.7 | 52/102 | 3.3 | 70/133 | 3.2 | 78/159 | 3.2 | 79/163 |
 Mozambique |
– | – | – | – | 2.7 | 86/133 | 2.8 | 97/159 | 2.8 | 99/163 |
 Myanmar |
– | – | – | – | 1.6 | 129/133 | 1.8 | 155/159 | 1.9 | 160/163 |
 Namibia |
5.4 | 30/91 | 5.7 | 28/102 | 4.7 | 41/133 | 4.3 | 47/159 | 4.1 | 55/163 |
 Nepal |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.5 | 117/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Netherlands |
8.8 | 8/91 | 9.0 | 7/102 | 8.9 | 7/133 | 8.6 | 11/159 | 8.7 | 9/163 |
 New Zealand |
9.4 | 3/91 | 9.5 | 2/102 | 9.5 | 3/133 | 9.6 | 2/159 | 9.6 | 1/163 |
 Nicaragua |
2.4 | 77/91 | 2.5 | 81/102 | 2.6 | 88/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Niger |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.4 | 126/159 | 2.3 | 138/163 |
 Nigeria |
1.0 | 90/91 | 1.6 | 101/102 | 1.4 | 132/133 | 1.9 | 152/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Norway |
8.6 | 10/91 | 8.5 | 12/102 | 8.8 | 8/133 | 8.9 | 8/159 | 8.8 | 8/163 |
 Oman |
– | – | – | – | 6.3 | 26/133 | 6.3 | 28/159 | 5.4 | 39/163 |
 Pakistan |
2.3 | 79/91 | 2.6 | 77/102 | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.1 | 144/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Palestine |
– | – | – | – | 3.0 | 78/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | – | – |
 Panama |
3.7 | 51/91 | 3.0 | 67/102 | 3.4 | 66/133 | 3.5 | 65/159 | 3.1 | 84/163 |
 Papua New Guinea |
– | – | – | – | 2.1 | 118/133 | 2.3 | 130/159 | 2.4 | 130/163 |
 Paraguay |
– | – | 1.7 | 98/102 | 1.6 | 129/133 | 2.1 | 144/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Peru |
4.1 | 44/91 | 4.0 | 45/102 | 3.7 | 59/133 | 3.5 | 65/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Philippines |
2.9 | 65/91 | 2.6 | 77/102 | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.5 | 117/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Poland |
4.1 | 44/91 | 4.0 | 45/102 | 3.6 | 64/133 | 3.4 | 70/159 | 3.7 | 61/163 |
 Portugal |
6.3 | 25/91 | 6.3 | 25/102 | 6.6 | 25/133 | 6.5 | 26/159 | 6.6 | 26/163 |
 PRC (Mainland China) |
3.5 | 57/91 | 3.5 | 59/102 | 3.4 | 66/133 | 3.2 | 78/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Qatar |
– | – | – | – | 5.6 | 32/133 | 5.9 | 32/159 | 6.0 | 32/163 |
 Rep. of China (Taiwan) |
5.9 | 27/91 | 5.6 | 29/102 | 5.7 | 30/133 | 5.9 | 32/159 | 5.9 | 34/163 |
 Rep. of the Congo |
– | – | – | – | 2.2 | 113/133 | 2.3 | 130/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Romania |
2.8 | 69/91 | 2.6 | 77/102 | 2.8 | 83/133 | 3.0 | 85/159 | 3.1 | 84/163 |
 Russia |
2.3 | 79/91 | 2.7 | 71/102 | 2.7 | 86/133 | 2.4 | 126/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Rwanda |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 3.1 | 83/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Saudi Arabia |
– | – | – | – | 4.5 | 46/133 | 3.4 | 70/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Senegal |
2.9 | 65/91 | 3.1 | 66/102 | 3.2 | 76/133 | 3.2 | 78/159 | 3.3 | 70/163 |
 Serbia |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.0 | 90/163 |
 Serbia and Montenegro |
– | – | – | – | 2.3 | 106/133 | 2.8 | 97/159 | – | – |
 Seychelles |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 4.0 | 55/159 | 3.6 | 63/163 |
 Sierra Leone |
– | – | – | – | 2.2 | 113/133 | 2.4 | 126/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Singapore |
9.2 | 4/91 | 9.3 | 5/102 | 9.4 | 5/133 | 9.4 | 5/159 | 9.4 | 5/163 |
 Slovakia |
– | – | – | – | 3.7 | 59/133 | 4.3 | 47/159 | 4.7 | 49/163 |
 Slovenia |
5.2 | 34/91 | 6.0 | 27/102 | 5.9 | 29/133 | 6.1 | 31/159 | 6.4 | 28/163 |
 Somalia |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.1 | 144/159 | – | – |
 South Africa |
4.8 | 38/91 | 4.8 | 36/102 | 4.4 | 48/133 | 4.5 | 46/159 | 4.6 | 51/163 |
 South Korea |
4.2 | 42/91 | 4.5 | 40/102 | 4.3 | 50/133 | 5.0 | 40/159 | 5.1 | 42/163 |
 Spain |
7.0 | 22/91 | 7.1 | 20/102 | 6.9 | 23/133 | 7.0 | 23/159 | 6.8 | 23/163 |
 Sri Lanka |
– | – | 3.7 | 52/102 | 3.4 | 66/133 | 3.2 | 78/159 | 3.1 | 84/163 |
 Sudan |
– | – | – | – | 2.3 | 106/133 | 2.1 | 144/159 | 2.0 | 156/163 |
 Suriname |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 3.2 | 78/159 | 3.0 | 90/163 |
 Swaziland |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 2.7 | 103/159 | 2.5 | 121/163 |
 Sweden |
9.0 | 6/91 | 9.3 | 5/102 | 9.3 | 6/133 | 9.2 | 6/159 | 9.2 | 6/163 |
 Switzerland |
8.4 | 12/91 | 8.5 | 12/102 | 8.8 | 8/133 | 9.1 | 7/159 | 9.1 | 7/163 |
 Syria |
– | – | – | – | 3.4 | 66/133 | 3.4 | 70/159 | 2.9 | 93/163 |
 Tajikistan |
– | – | – | – | 1.8 | 124/133 | 2.1 | 144/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Tanzania |
2.2 | 82/91 | 2.7 | 71/102 | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.9 | 88/159 | 2.9 | 93/163 |
 Thailand |
3.2 | 61/91 | 3.2 | 64/102 | 3.3 | 70/133 | 3.8 | 59/159 | 3.6 | 63/163 |
 Timor-Leste |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Trinidad and Tobago |
– | – | – | – | 4.6 | 43/133 | 3.8 | 59/159 | 3.2 | 79/163 |
 Togo |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.4 | 130/163 |
 Tunisia |
5.3 | 31/91 | 4.8 | 36/102 | 4.9 | 39/133 | 4.9 | 43/159 | 4.6 | 51/163 |
 Turkey |
3.6 | 54/91 | 3.2 | 64/102 | 3.1 | 77/133 | 3.5 | 65/159 | 3.8 | 60/163 |
 Turkmenistan |
– | – | – | – | – | – | 1.8 | 155/159 | 2.2 | 142/163 |
 Uganda |
1.9 | 88/91 | 2.1 | 93/102 | 2.2 | 113/133 | 2.5 | 117/159 | 2.7 | 105/163 |
 Ukraine |
2.1 | 83/91 | 2.4 | 85/102 | 2.3 | 106/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.8 | 99/163 |
 United Arab Emirates |
– | – | – | – | 5.2 | 37/133 | 6.2 | 30/159 | 6.2 | 31/163 |
 United Kingdom |
8.3 | 13/91 | 8.7 | 10/102 | 8.7 | 11/133 | 8.6 | 11/159 | 8.6 | 11/163 |
 United States |
7.6 | 16/91 | 7.7 | 16/102 | 7.5 | 18/133 | 7.6 | 17/159 | 7.3 | 20/163 |
 Uruguay |
5.1 | 35/91 | 5.1 | 32/102 | 5.5 | 33/133 | 5.9 | 32/159 | 6.4 | 28/163 |
 Uzbekistan |
2.7 | 71/91 | 2.9 | 68/102 | 2.4 | 100/133 | 2.2 | 137/159 | 2.1 | 151/163 |
 Venezuela |
2.8 | 69/91 | 2.5 | 81/102 | 2.4 | 100/133 | 2.3 | 130/159 | 2.3 | 138/163 |
 Vietnam |
2.6 | 75/91 | 2.4 | 85/102 | 2.4 | 100/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Yemen |
2.9 | 65/91 | 2.7 | 71/102 | 2.6 | 88/133 | 2.7 | 103/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Zambia |
2.6 | 75/91 | 2.6 | 77/102 | 2.5 | 92/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.6 | 111/163 |
 Zimbabwe |
2.9 | 65/91 | 2.7 | 71/102 | 2.3 | 106/133 | 2.6 | 107/159 | 2.4 | 130/163 |
[edit] References
- The table and a small amount of text came from the corresponding article in the Spanish-language wikipedia.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Internet Center for Corruption Research
- Transparency International 2004 Corruption Perceptions Index
- Transparency International 2005 Corruption Perceptions Index
- Transparency International 2006 Corruption Perceptions Index
- Survey instrument to measure disaggregated corruption indicators
Geography
Area* · Coastline · Highest point · Compactness · Coast/area ratio · Northernmost point
Demographics
Population* (graphical · by density) · Population growth rate* · Life expectancy* · Infant mortality rate* · Fertility rate* · Birth rate* · Death rate* · Murder rate* · Human Development Index* · Income equality* · Literacy rate* · HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate* · People living with HIV/AIDS* · Unemployment rate* · Population living in poverty* · Immigrant population · Suicide rate
Economy
GDP: nominal* (per capita*) · PPP* (per capita* · per capita per hour) · past GDP (nominal · PPP) | Current account balance* · Imports* · Exports* (per capita) · Agricultural output* | Debt: external* · public* | Consumption: electricity* · natural gas*
Politics and society
Political rights and civil liberties* · Press freedom* · Capital punishment* · Homosexuality law* · Abortion law* · Date of independence · Perception of corruption* · Ease of doing business* · Economic freedom* · Economic competitiveness* · Bribe Payers Index
Military
Military expenditures* · Number of active troops* · Conscription* · Possession of nuclear weapons* · UN peacekeepers currently deployed
Environment
* includes map Carbon dioxide emissions* (per capita*) · GDP per emissions* (per capita)
