User:Coppertwig/Sandbox2
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[edit] Draft Table of Essential Nutrients
Daily adult human intake. Minimum: estimate of minimum required for most people to have normal health. Typical: estimate of average consumption. Optimum: estimate of amount required for best possible health. Therapeutic: amount that has sometimes been used to treat illness. Toxic: amount that has caused (serious) adverse reactions.
| Nutrient | Mininum | Typical | Optimum | Therapeutic | Toxic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linolenic acid (omega-3) | 1.5g[1] | 6g[1] | up to 60g[1] | ||
| Linoleic acid(omega-6) | 3g[1] | 9-30g[1] | up to 60g[1] | ||
| Tryptophan | |||||
| Lysine | |||||
| Methionine | |||||
| Phenylalanine | |||||
| Threonine | |||||
| Valine | |||||
| Leucine | |||||
| Isoleucine | |||||
| Histidine | |||||
| Biotin | |||||
| Choline | |||||
| Folate | |||||
| Niacin | |||||
| Pantothenic acid | |||||
| Riboflavin | |||||
| Thiamin | |||||
| Vitamin A | 20,000-40,000IU[2] | ||||
| Vitamin B6 | |||||
| Vitamin B12 | |||||
| Vitamin C | 1000-18000mg[2] | ||||
| Vitamin D | 800IU[2] | ||||
| Vitamin E | 800IU[2] | ||||
[edit] AIDS article: alternative therapies paragraph
(version of Dec. 6 2006)
Various forms of alternative medicine have been used to treat symptoms or alter the course of the disease.[3] High doses of vitamin C have been used, for example, to treat AIDS, with good preliminary clinical results. [4]In the first decade of the epidemic when no useful conventional treatment was available, a large number of people with AIDS experimented with alternative therapies. The definition of "alternative therapies" in AIDS has changed since that time. Then, the phrase often referred to community-driven treatments, untested by government or pharmaceutical company research, that some hoped would directly suppress the virus or stimulate immunity against it. These kinds of approaches have become less common over time as the benefits of AIDS drugs have become more apparent. Examples of alternative medicine that people hoped would improve their symptoms or their quality of life include massage, herbal and flower remedies and acupuncture;[3] when used with conventional treatment, many now refer to these as "complementary" approaches. None of these treatments has been proven in controlled trials to be effective in treating HIV or AIDS.[5]
Other references re vitamin C and AIDS:
"The highest levels of total intake (from food and supplements) of vitamins C and B, and niacin were associated with a significantly decreased progression rate to AIDS: " 1993, American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 138, No. 11: 937-951 Dietary Micronutrient Intake and Risk of Progression to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HlV-1)-infected Homosexual Men Alice M. Tang1, Neil M. H. Graham1,2,, Alison J. Kirby1, L. Diane McCall1, Walter C. Willett3 and Alfred J. Saah1,2
Lower plasma ascorbate in HIV-positive: Vitamins C and E in adolescents and young adults with HIV infection 1,2,3 Charles B Stephensen, Grace S Marquis, Robert A Jacob, Laurie A Kruzich, Steven D Douglas and Craig M Wilson. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Vol. 83, No. 4, 870-879, April 2006
in vitro results re high vitamin C reduces HIV virus: Increased Uptake and Accumulation of Vitamin C in Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1-infected Hematopoietic Cell Lines
(Received for publication, April 12, 1996, and in revised form, December 2, 1996) Coralia I. Rivas Dagger , Juan Carlos Vera Dagger , Victor H. Guaiquil Dagger , Fernando V. Velásquez Dagger , Oriana A. Bórquez-Ojeda Dagger , Juan G. Cárcamo ¶ , Ilona I. Concha ¶ and David W. Golde Dagger
[edit] Vitamin C and AIDS
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol 54, 1231S-1235S, Copyright © 1991 by The American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc
ORIGINAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS Comparative study of the anti-HIV activities of ascorbate and thiol- containing reducing agents in chronically HIV-infected cells
S Harakeh and RJ Jariwalla
vitamin A, B12 and zinc status associated with disease progression
AIDS. 1995 Sep;9(9):1051-6. Links
Micronutrients and HIV-1 disease progression.
* Baum MK,
* Shor-Posner G,
* Lu Y,
* Rosner B,
* Sauberlich HE,
* Fletcher MA,
* Szapocznik J,
* Eisdorfer C,
* Buring JE,
* Hennekens CH.
Vitamins C and E reduce viral load and oxidative stress]
same article same article, abstract
Effects of vitamin E and C supplementation on oxidative stress and viral load in HIV-infected subjects.
ARTICLES AIDS. 12(13):1653-1659, September 10, 1998. Allard, Johane P. 1,2; Aghdassi, Elaheh 1; Chau, Jenny 1; Tam, Carolyn 1; Kovacs, Colin M. 1; Salit, Irving E. 1; Walmsley, Sharon L. 1
successful treatment of 6 patients with lactic acidosis using B vitamin s and carnitine
AIDS: Volume 14(17) 1 December 2000 pp 2801-2802 Treatment of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-induced lactic acidosis [Correspondence]
Brinkman, Keesa; Vrouenraets, Saskiaa; Kauffmann, Robertb; Weigel, Hugoa; Frissen, Josa
A randomized trial of the impact of multiple micronutrient supplementation on mortality among HIV-infected individuals living in Bangkok.
CLINICAL SCIENCE AIDS. 17(17):2461-2469, November 21, 2003. Jiamton, Sukhum a,b; Pepin, Jacques c; Suttent, Reungpung d; Filteau, Suzanne e; Mahakkanukrauh, Bussakorn b; Hanshaoworakul, Wanna f; Chaisilwattana, Pongsakdi g; Suthipinittharm, Puan b; Shetty, Prakash h; Jaffar, Shabbar a
Micronutrient supplementation was found to reduce the death rate, especially among those with low CD4 cell counts.
Vitamins B,C and E reduce infant mortality to immunologically and nutritionally compromised women; vitamin A increases transmission.
Randomized trial of vitamin supplements in relation to transmission of HIV-1 through breastfeeding and early child mortality.
EPIDEMIOLOGY & SOCIAL AIDS. 16(14):1935-1944, September 27, 2002. Fawzi, Wafaie W a,b; Msamanga, Gernard I f; Hunter, David a,b; Renjifo, Boris c; Antelman, Gretchen a; Bang, Heejung b; Manji, Karim g; Kapiga, Saidi d; Mwakagile, Davis h; Essex, Max c; Spiegelman, Donna b,e
High-dose vitamin C and various illnesses: Annals Internal Medicine, April 6, 140: 533-37, 2004
Cathcart, Lancet letter Dr. Robert F. Cathcart III, MD. Letter to the Editor. The Lancet, Jan 27, 1990; 335:p235. http://www.mall-net.com/cathcart/lanaids.html
Medical Hypotheses, 14(4):423-433, Aug 1984.
Cathcart
