Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Classifications and external resources
ICD-10 Q79.0
ICD-9 756.6
OMIM 142340 - DIH1
Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 222400 - DIH2
DiseasesDB 32489
MedlinePlus 001135
eMedicine ped/2603 
Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a cat
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Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a cat

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a congenital abnormality that is often life-threatening because it can limit the growth of the lungs. The site of herniation is most commonly found on the left side in the hole originally designed for the entry of alimentary canal. Herniation is sometimes found near sternum.

Contents

[edit] Defects

It involves three major defects.

[edit] Early diagnosis and presentation

This condition can often be diagnosed before birth and fetal intervention can sometimes help, depending on the severity of the condition.[1] Infants born with diaphragmatic hernia experience respiratory failure due to both pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary hypoplasia. The first condition is a restriction of blood flow through the lungs thought to be caused by defects in the lung. Pulmonary hypoplasia or decreased lung volume is directly related to the abdominal organs presence in the chest cavity which causes the lungs to be severely undersized, especially on the side of the hernia.

Survival rates for infants with this condition vary, but have generally been increasing through advances in neonatal medicine. Work has been done to correlate survival rates to ultrasound measurements of the lung volume as compared to the baby's head circumfrence. This figure known as the lung to head ratio (LHR) may be used to determine if fetal surgery may be used as an option.

[edit] See also

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ "Deadly hernia corrected in womb - Surgeons have developed an operation to repair a potentially fatal abnormality in babies before they are born.", BBC news, 2004-07-26. Retrieved on 2006-07-14. - report of new operation, pioneered at London's King's College Hospital which reduced death rates in the most at risk by 50%

[edit] External links

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