Conceptual Data Structures

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Conceptual Data Structures (CDS) is a lightweight top-level ontology about relations that naturally occur in common knowledge artefacts. It is designed to bridge the gap between unstructured content like informal notes and formal semantics like ontologies by allowing the use of vague semantics and by subsuming arbitrary relation types under more general ones. By that it is suitable for representing knowledge in various degrees of formalisation a uniform fashion, allowing gradual elaboration.

CDS serves two purposes: First, as a guideline for future personal knowledge management tools, providing a set of crucial structural primitives. Second, the RDF-based representation of CDS can serve as a knowledge exchange format. It is able to represent vague or even inconsistent knowledge structures.

The core top-level relations in CDS are

  • order (before, after, etc.)
  • hierarchy (subsuming semantic relations like is a and part_of)
  • linking (subsuming hyperlinks as well as any other freely specified relation carrying formal semantics or not)
  • annotation (subsuming freeform notes as well as tags and types)
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