Cheddar Complex

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The Cheddar Complex (grid reference ST465538) is a 441.3 hectare (1090.5 acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest near Cheddar and around the Cheddar Gorge in the Mendip Hills, Somerset, notified in 1952.

This is a very large area which includes 4 SSSIs formerly known as Cheddar Gorge SSSI, August Hole/Longwood Swallet SSSI, GB Cavern Charterhouse SSSI and Charterhouse on-Mendip SSSI. It is part owned by the National Trust and part managed by the Somerset Wildlife Trust.

[edit] Biological

The Cheddar Complex supports a wide range of semi-natural habitats which includes unimproved grassland, calcareous dry dwarf-shrub heath, semi-natural broadleaved woodland and dense and scattered scrub. Four nationally rare plants are present, two of which are endemic to the Cheddar area, as well as fifteen nationally scarce species.

[edit] Geological

This site is important for karst, caves and vertebrate palaeontology and comprises four single interest localities. Cheddar Gorge is Britain’s largest gorge and probably the country’s best known limestone feature. It is a spectacular fluvial feature with a geomorphic history extending back 2 million years and encompassing the major environmental changes of the Pleistocene period. Cheddar Caves contain both active and fossil systems. The active cave system is one of the most heavily studied karst systems in Britain with reference to the conduit and diffuse flow characteristics of its hydrology. Charterhouse Caves include four major swallet caves that provide an indisputable record of Pleistocene landform development in the Mendips and surrounding area. Sun Hole Cave provides a varied fauna radiocarbon-dated to the end of the Late Devensian Cold Stage.

The Charterhouse area is of great importance as the finest remaining example of the unique Lead orefields of the Mendips. The surface features derived from lead working from pre-Roman times up to the nineteenth century are extremely well preserved. ^[1]

[edit] References

Geological Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Somerset

Summarised data for all sites (biological and geological) Ben Knowle | Blue Anchor to Lilstock Coast | Brean Down | Brimble Pit and Cross Swallet Basins | Bruton Railway Cutting | Cheddar Complex | Cloford Quarry | Cook's Wood Quarry | Crook Peak to Shute Shelve Hill | Doulting Railway Cutting | Emborough Quarries | Glenthorne | Godminster Lane Quarry and Railway Cutting | Greylake | Ham Hill | Hobbs Quarry | Holwell Quarries | Hurcott Farm | Hurcott Lane Cutting | Lamb Leer | Langport Railway Cutting | Laycock Railway Cutting | Leighton Road Cutting | Low Ham | Maes Down | Maesbury Railway Cutting | Miller's Hill, Milborne Wick | Moon's Hill Quarry | Priddy Caves | Priddy Pools | Rodney Stoke SSSI | Sandpit Hole and Bishop's Lot | Seavington St. Mary | Shepton Montague Railway Cutting | Snowdon Hill Quarry | St. Dunstan's Well Catchment | Thrupe Lane Swallet | Vallis Vale | Viaduct Quarry | Windsor Hill Quarry | Wookey Hole | Wookey Station | Wurt Pit and Devil's Punchbowl Neighbouring areas: Avon | Devon | Dorset | Wiltshire