Chartwell
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- For the suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa, see Chartwell, South Africa
Chartwell, located two miles south of Westerham, Kent, England, was the home of Sir Winston Churchill.
Churchill and his wife Lady Clementine Churchill bought the property in 1922 and retained it until his death in 1965. He employed architect Philip Tilden to modernise and extend the somewhat featureless brick house[1] that stood on the property. Tilden transformed the house between 1922 and 1924, simplifying and modernising it, as well as allowing more light into the house through large casement windows, working in the gently vernacular tradition that is familiar in the early houses of Edwin Lutyens, a style stripped of literal Tudorbethan historicizing details but retaining multiple gables with stepped gable-ends, and windows in strips set in expanses of warm pink brick hung with climbers.
As at many such early twentieth-century remakings of old houses, the immediate grounds, which fall away behind the house, were shaped into overlapping rectilinear terraces and garden plats, in lawn and mixed herbaceous gardens in the Lutyens-Jekyll manner, linked by steps descending to lakes that Churchill created by a series of small dams, the water garden where he fed his fish, Lady Churchill's Rose Garden and the Golden Rose Walk, a Golden Wedding anniversary gift from their children. The garden areas provided inspiration for Churchill's paintings, many of which are on display in the house's garden studio.
During the Second World War, the house was mostly unused. Its relatively exposed position so near to German-occupied France meant it was potentially vulnerable to a German airstrike or commando-style raid. The Churchills instead spent their weekends at the prime minister's official country residence Chequers.
The house has been preserved as it would have looked when Churchill owned it. Rooms are carefully decorated with memorabilia and gifts, the original furniture and books, as well as honours and medals that Churchill received.
The property is currently under the administration of the National Trust. Chartwell was bought by a group of Churchill's friends in 1947, with the Churchills paying a nominal rent, but was not open to the public until it was presented to the nation in 1966, the year after Churchill's death.
[edit] Previous owners
- William At Well (during the reign of Edward III)
- Potter (1611)
- Rivers
- Smith
- Whitby (1616)
- Bridger (1664)
- Ellison
- Campbell-Colquhoun Family (1845 to 1922)
[edit] Notes
- ^ A vernacular farmhouse had been extended in manor house fashion in the nineteenth century
[edit] See also
- Blenheim Palace (Churchill's birthplace)
- Churchill Museum and Cabinet War Rooms (London)
[edit] External links
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The town of Sevenoaks in Kent, South East England with the surrounding suburbs, villages, towns and parishes: |
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Ash • Ash-cum-Ridley • Bough Beech • Brasted • Brasted Chart • Chartwell • Chevening • Chiddingstone • Chiddingstone Causeway • Chipstead • Cowden • Crockenhill • Crockham Hill • Dunton Green • Edenbridge • Eynsford • Farningham • Fawkham • Fawkham Green • Fordcombe • Four Elms • Halstead • Hartley • Hever • Hextable • Hodsoll Street • Horton Kirby • Horton Kirby and South Darenth • Ide Hill • Kemsing • Knockholt • Leigh • Markbeech • Marsh Green • New Ash Green • Otford • Penshurst • Ridley • Riverhead • Seal • Sevenoaks Weald • Shoreham • South Darenth • Sundridge • Sundridge with Ide Hill • Swanley • Swanley Village • Toys Hill • Underriver • Westerham • West Kingsdown |
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| The district of Sevenoaks List of places in Kent |
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