Cananea (municipality)
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Cananea is both a municipality in the northwestern Mexican state of Sonora and the municipal seat. For information about the town see Cananea.
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[edit] Population
The population of the municipality of Cananea was 32,061 (2000 census). Most of the population lives in the municipal seat, which had 30,515 inhabitants in the same year.
- Population in 1980: 25,327
- Population in 1990: 26,931
- Population in 2000: 32,061.
[edit] History
The territory now occupied by the municipality was originally a rancheria inhabited by the Pima Indians, who had been pacified by the Spanish in the seventeenth century.
According to local information, the word Cananea comes from two Apache words: “can” which means "meat" and “efa” which means "horse".
The colonial development of Cananea was influenced gby the nearby missions of Arizpe, Santa María and Cocóspera. In the middle of the nineteenth century Cananea became part of the province of Sonora, becoming a "real de minas". On 8 November 1901, Cananea was raised to municipal status, after having been part of the municipality of Fronteras.
In 1906 the site was stage to perhaps the most famous strike in Mexican history, the "huelga de Cananea". This strike was against the American owned mining company and was put down by forces brought across the border from the United States with considerable loss of life on the part of the striking miners. This strike is considered to be one of the precursors to the Mexican Revolution of 1910.
Cananea became a municipality in 1901. In 1937 the territory of Naco separated and it became Naco (municipality). On October 31, 2001, the city of Cananea temporarily became the capital of the state of Sonora during the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of the municipality.
[edit] Geography
This municipio borders the United States (north) and the municipalities of Arizpe (south), Naco and Bacoachi (east) and Ímuris and Santa Cruz (west). Its total area is 4,414.1 square kilometers and its average elevation is 1,500 meters above sea level.
In addition to the municipal seat there are several small communities: ejido Morelos, Emiliano Zapata, Zaragoza and Vicente.
Cananea has a relatively high altitude. The most important mountain peaks are Manzanal, Los Ajos, Canane, Magallanes, Azul and la Mariquita (2,480 meters), which has an observatory of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). See [1].
The most important rivers are: Sonora, Bacanuchi and San Pedro; other streams are: Jaralito, Río Claro, Santa Bárbara, Los Difuntos, El Sauz, El Berrendo, El Álamo, Villa Verde, El Chiflón, Cuitaca, Cocóspera, El Anillo and San Antonio.
There were 34 wells (2000), of which 20 were for irrigation, 11 for water supply for the Compañía minera de Cananea, and 4 for drinking water for Cananea and ejido Zaragoza.
The climate is semihot subhumid with an average monthly maximum temperature of 23.5° C in the months of June to Semptember and an average monthly minimum temperature of 7.4° C in December and January; the average annual temperature is 15.3°C.
The vegetation is pasture in almost all of the area, while there are still stands of oak pine in the higher elevations. The areas that can be irrigated are scarce.
[edit] Economic activity
Mining is still very important with copper mines in the municipal seat. Cattle raising is also widely practiced. The main agricultural products are corn, beans, barley, sorghum, alfalfa, and apples.
In the municipal seat there are manufacturing companies that operate under the system called maquila, assembling products for re-export to the United States.
[edit] Government
The current municipal president of Cananea is Francisco García Gámez, a member of the National Action Party and his term expires in 2006. He was previously president of the municipality during the 1997–2003 term.
[edit] Sources
- (Spanish) Government of Cananea
- (Spanish) Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
