Canadian Pacific Survey

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Unidentified engineers of the Canadian Pacific Railway Survey, 1872.
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Unidentified engineers of the Canadian Pacific Railway Survey, 1872.

The Canadian Pacific Survey or Canadian Pacific Railway Survey consisted of a large number of distinct geographical surveys conducted during the 1870s and 1880s designed to determine the ideal route of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Although much of the survey's activity focused on locating suitable mountain passes through the Canadian Rockies and the Selkirk mountains of western Canada, locating the best route across the rugged terrain of the Canadian Shield north of Lake Superior was also a primary goal. The survey played an important role in the exploration of Canada.