Calbuco (volcano)

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Calbuco is a very explosive late Pleistocene to Holocene andesitic volcano south of Lake Llanquihue that underwent edifice collapse in the late Pleistocene, producing a volcanic debris avalanche that reached the lake.

Contents

[edit] Historic activity

At least 9 eruptions since 1837, with the last in 1961. One of the largest historical eruptions in southern Chile took place from Calbuco in 1893-1894. Violent eruptions ejected 30-cm bombs to distances of 8 km from the crater, accompanied by voluminous hot lahars. Strong explosions occurred in April 1917, and a lava dome formed in the crater accompanied by hot lahars. Another short explosive eruption in January 1929 also included an apparent pyroclastic flow and a lava flow. The last major eruption of Calbuco, in 1961, sent ash columns 12-15 km high and produced plumes that dispersed mainly to the SE and two lava flows were also emitted.

[edit] Recent activity

Short 4 hour eruption in 1972. Strong fumarolic emission form main crater on Aug. 12, 1996.

[edit] Statistics

  • Type: composite
  • Activity: active
  • Last Eruption: 1972 A.D.
  • Rock Type: andesite
  • Eruptive Volume: ? cu km
  • Location Map from Xerox PARC
  • Latitude: 41.32 S
  • Longitude: 72.60 W

[edit] References

Global Volcanism Network (V. 21, No. 9).

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