Brian G. Marsden

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Brian G. Marsden (born August 5, 1937) is a British astronomer, the longtime director of the Minor Planet Center(MPC).

He specializes in celestial mechanics and astrometry, collecting data on the positions of asteroids and comets and computing their orbits, often from minimal observational information and providing their future positions on International Astronomical Union (IAU) circulars. The MPC is located at Harvard University.

Marsden has helped recover once-lost comets and asteroids. Some asteroid and comet discoveries of previous decades were "lost" because not enough observational data had been obtained at the time to determine a reliable enough orbit to know where to look for re-observation at future dates. Occasionally, a newly discovered object turns out to be a rediscovery of a previously lost object, which can be determined by calculating its orbit backwards into the past and matching calculated positions with the previously recorded positions of the lost object. In the case of comets this is especially tricky because of nongravitational forces that can affect their orbits (one of which is emission of jets of gas from the comet nucleus), but Marsden has specialized in calculating such nongravitational forces. Notably, he successfully predicted the 1992 return of the once-lost periodic comet Swift-Tuttle.

He once proposed that Pluto should be cross-listed as both a planet and a minor planet and assigned the asteroid number 10000; however, this proposal was not accepted.

Asteroids discovered: 1
37556 Svyaztie	August 28, 1982	with N. S. Chernykh

[edit] Honours

Awards

George Van Biesbroeck Prize of the American Astronomical Society (1989)
Brouwer Award of the Division of Dynamical Astronomy of the American Astronomical Society (1995) [1]

Named after him