Bordetella bronchiseptica

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iBordetella bronchiseptica
Scanning electron micrograph of B. bronchiseptica
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Proteobacteria Class: Beta Proteobacteria Order: Burkholderiales Family: Alcaligenaceae Genus: Bordetella Species: B. bronchiseptica
Binomial name
Bordetella bronchiseptica (Ferry 1912) Moreno-López 1952

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a bacterium of the genus Bordetella and a causative agent of infectious bronchitis.^[1] Closely related to B. pertussis^[2]—the obligate human pathogen which causes pertussis or whooping cough—B. bronchiseptica can persist in the environment for extended periods.^[3]

[edit] Pathogenesis

Unlike B. pertussis or B. parapertussis, humans are not natural carriers of B. bronchiseptica, which typically infects the respiratory tracts of smaller mammals (cats, dogs, rabbits, etc).^[2]

While B. bronchiseptica does not express pertussis toxin which is one of the characteristic virulence factors of B. pertussis, it does contain the genes to do so, highlighting the close evolutionary relationship between the two species.^[4],[5]

In veterinary medicine B. bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida synergize to cause atrophic rhinitis, a disease resulting in arrested growth and distortion of the turbinate bones of swine snouts ^[6] and rabbits.

[edit] See also

• Kennel cough

[edit] References

1. ^ Ryan KJ; Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology, 4th ed., McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
2. ^ ^{a b} Finger H, von Koenig CHW (1996). Bordetella. In: Barron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al, eds.), 4th ed., Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
3. ^ Coote JG (2001). "Environmental sensing mechanisms in Bordetella". Adv Microb Physiol 44: 141-81. PMID 11407112.
4. ^ Mattoo S, Foreman-Wykert AK, Cotter PA, Miller JF (2001). "Mechanisms of Bordetella pathogenesis". Front Biosci 6: E168-86. PMID 11689354.
5. ^ Diavatopoulos DA, Cummings CA, Schouls LM, Brinig MM, Relman DA, Mooi FR (2005). "Bordetella pertussis, the Causative Agent of Whooping Cough, Evolved from a Distinct, Human-Associated Lineage of B. bronchiseptica". PLoS Pathog 1 (4): e45. PMID 16389302.
6. ^ Lawhorn, Bruce. Atrophic Rhinitis (PDF). Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Retrieved on 2006-11-23.