Blue Mounds State Park
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- For the similarly-named state park in Wisconsin, see Blue Mound State Park
Blue Mounds State Park is a 1,826 acre Minnesota state park in Rock County, Minnesota near the town of Luverne. It protects a bison herd which grazes on one of the state's largest prairie remnants.
The state park is named after a linear escarpment of Precambrian quartzite bedrock, which although pink in color, is said to have appeared blueish in the distance to early settlers. Parts of the cliff are up to 100 feet high. Unusual in the surrounding prairie landscape, they are a popular site for rock climbing.
The park also preserves a 1,250 foot (380 meter) long line of rocks aligned by Plains Indians which marks where the sun rises and sets on the spring and fall equinoxes. It also has a small reservoir for swimming, the only lake in Rock County. The park's interpretive center was once the home of the author Frederick Manfred.
Four structures and one building in the park, built by the Works Progress Administration in the 1930s, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
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[edit] The bison herd
The park's bison herd began in 1961 with the purchase of three animals from Fort Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge in Nebraska. Today there are over 100 bison in the park. To keep age and sex ratios close to that of a natural herd, individuals are sold in a fall auction. The bison range is fenced off, and visitors are warned not to approach when these strong and unpredictable animals are near the fenceline.
[edit] Cultural history
According to local folklore the mound was used as a buffalo jump before European settlement, but no archaeological evidence has yet been found as verification. The soil of the mound was too thin and boulder-strewn for farming, saving it from the plow, although it was grazed.
Parkland was originally established north of the Blue Mound for the purpose of providing work relief during the Great Depression and water recreation. WPA crews built two dams on Mound Creek, creating Upper and Lower Mound Lake (18 and 28 acres respectively), and facilities such as picnic grounds and a beach house. The 195 acre Mound Springs Recreational Reserve opened in 1937. In the 1950s trees were planted around the lakes and campground.
Land was added in 1955 and 1961, at which point the name was changed to Blue Mounds State Park. More lands were authorized in 1963 and 1965 to include the whole of Blue Mound and property to either side. The state bought Frederick Manfred's house in 1972 to turn into an interpretive center, although they let him live there for three more years. Because the house was at the southern end of the mound and the developed part of the park was at the north end, a connecting road was surveyed across the top. Local conservationists argued the state out of this plan several times in the 1970s, citing the impact to the environment atop the mound. In 1986 a road was paved from the house south to a county highway instead, so that visitors to the interpretive center must hike in from the north or drive around the edge of the park to the south entrance.
[edit] External links
[edit] References
- Meyer, Roy W. Everyone's Country Estate: A History of Minnesota's State Parks. Minnesota Historical Society Press: St. Paul, 1991.
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. 2006. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Web Site (online).
- Rustic Style Resources in Minnesota State Parks: Blue Mounds State Park
