Blackhead

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This article is about the skin condition. For other uses, see Blackhead (disambiguation).

A blackhead (technically known as an open comedo) is a yellowish or blackish bump or plug on the skin. An open comedo or blackhead is a type of acne vulgaris. It is caused by excess oils that have accumulated in the sebaceous gland's duct. Blackheads are typically caused by excessive oil and makeup. While the contents inside may look dark, it is not dirt; the substance found in these bumps mostly consists of keratin and modified sebum (an oily secretion of the sebaceous gland) [1]

Possible factors that cause blackheads include :

Excess dead cells blocking the opening to the pore
Excess production of facial oil
Improper cleansing routine, facial oil not being removed
Excess scrubbing of the skin (Scrubs)
Use of products/makeup (foundations, sunscreens, and moisturizers) that may contain too much oil
Use of low quality facial cleansing products

[edit] Treatment

Removal of the skin bumps or plugs by your dermatologist or certified beautician or by oneself (if possessing the skills to do so)
Use of exfoliants such as Beta Hydroxy Acid (salicylic acid).
Application of benzoyl peroxide.
Phototherapy with blue/red light
Frequent, thorough cleansing of the skin.
Using a steel blackhead remover tool called a comedo extractor.
Topical retinoids
The strategic application of pressure around the effected area. Most commonly exerted by the Index finger from both hands, although this method may also increase blackheads in surrounding area via the oils on one's hand.
In cases of severe recalcitrant nodular acne, by the use of the drug Accutane (isotretinoin).