Black comedy

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This article is about a tone of comedy. For information about U.S. film and TV comedies featuring characters of African ethnicity, see Blaxploitation and Black sitcom. For Shakespeare's dark comedies, see Problem plays. For the one-act play, see Black Comedy.

Black comedy, also known as black humor or dark comedy, is a sub-genre of comedy and satire where topics and events that are usually treated seriously – death, mass murder, sickness, madness, terror, drug abuse, rape, war etc. – are treated in a humorous or satirical manner. Synonyms include dark humor, morbid humor, gallows humor and off-color humor.

Black comedy is similar to sick comedy, such as dead body jokes. However, in sick humor most of the humor comes from shock and revulsion; black humor usually includes an element of irony, or even fatalism. This particular brand of humor can be exemplified by a scene in the play Waiting for Godot: A man takes off his belt to hang himself, and his trousers fall down. Another example, "Suicide just isn't funny, no matter which way you slice it," is an effective satire at the way that suicide is treated in mainstream western culture, insinuating that attitudes towards suicide are even more morose or morbid than the act or mental condition leading to it.

In America, black comedy as a literary genre came to prominence in the 1950s and 1960s. Writers such as Terry Southern, Joseph Heller, Thomas Pynchon, Kurt Vonnegut, Harlan Ellison and Eric Nicol have written and published novels, stories and plays where profound or horrific events were portrayed in a comic manner. An anthology edited by Bruce Jay Friedman, titled "Black Humour," assembles many examples of the genre.

The 1964 film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb presents one of the best-known examples of black comedy. The subject of the film is nuclear war and the extinction of life on Earth. Normally, dramas about nuclear war treat the subject with gravity and seriousness, creating suspense over the efforts to avoid a nuclear war. But Dr. Strangelove plays the subject for laughs; for example, in the film, the fail-safe procedures designed to prevent a nuclear war are precisely the systems that ensure that it will happen. The film Fail-Safe, produced simultaneously, tells a largely identical story with a distinctly grave tone; the film The Bed-Sitting Room, released six years later, treats post-nuclear English society in an even wilder comic approach.

Today, black comedy can be found in almost all forms of media.

Contents

[edit] Works

[edit] Literature

(Some of these have been adapted to television or film as well.)

[edit] Films

  • The Addams Family and Addams Family Values both directed by Barry Sonnenfeld, based on the cartoons of Charles Addams and the television series.
  • A Bucket of Blood, directed by Roger Corman, is about a busboy who becomes a success in the art world after accidentally killing his landlady's cat and covering it up in clay to hide the evidence. When he is pressured to deliver similar work, people start mysteriously disappearing. Remade in 1995.
  • About Schmidt, the meaning of one's life after retirement.
  • Accidental Death of an Anarchist, a play written by Dario Fo, intended to highlight the corrupt nature of a bumbling police force, and their pathetic attempts to cover up the murder of an accused terrorist (anarchist).
  • After Hours, about an office worker's experiences with a wide array of criminals, psychotics, sado-masochists, mohawk-sporting punks, and an angry mob of ice cream men trying to kill him.
  • American Beauty is about Lester Burnham's (Kevin Spacey) last few weeks on Earth, with storylines of affairs, ephebophilia, drugs and homophobia.
  • American Psycho, a rich yuppy working on the stock exchange, goes on a killing rampage. Storyline including homophobia and vanity.
  • Arsenic and Old Lace is about a pair of murdering old aunts discovered by their nephew, played by Cary Grant.
  • Bad Santa is about a wretched, drunk, perverse thief who poses as a mall Santa Claus to rip off department stores.
  • The Bed-Sitting Room, about life in England after a nuclear war.
  • Being John Malkovich, a comedy dealing with identity, greed, lust, fame, transexualism, and exploitation.
  • The Big Lebowski, in which the shiftless "Dude" deals with bowling, nihilists, kidnapping, death, and having his favorite rug urinated on.
  • Big Nothing
  • Brassed Off, about the brass band of a Yorkshire mining village, in the days when the mine closes. Those not familiar with the problems covered in the film often mistake it for a standard comedy film.
  • Brazil a comedic vision of a nightmarish 1984-like world of bureaucracy gone awry, featuring terrorism, torture, secrecy and paperwork.
  • The Burbs, Black Comedy starring Tom Hanks as weird strange people move next door.
  • The Cable Guy, a film starring Jim Carrey and Matthew Broderick about a man stalked by the psychotic cable company worker he makes friends with.
  • Cannibal! The Musical, a comical take on the story of Alfred Packer, the first American convicted of cannibalism
  • Catch-22, based on the book by Joseph Heller. Directed by Mike Nichols.
  • Children Of The Revolution, about the 'love child' of Josef Stalin.
  • The Chumscrubber, about the lack of communication between teenagers and their parents, and the prevalence of prescription drugs in American society.
  • Citizen Ruth, a satire about the abortion rights battle.
  • Corpse Bride, a young man named Victor Van Dort finds himself accidentally married to a corpse, and is thrown headfirst into the Land of the Dead, which turns out to be much more colorful than the land of the living.
  • Crazy People, about an advertising executive committed to a mental institution for making truthful advertisements.
  • Dead Alive, about a man that has to keep his mother from eating people after she becomes a zombie.
  • Dead Man On Campus, about the urban legend of a roommate's suicide and the resulting perfect grades in college
  • Death Becomes Her, about the downsides of immortality.
  • Death To Smoochy, a corrupt former children's TV icon plots revenge against his fuzzy purple replacement.
  • Delicatessen, about a former circus performer who works at an apartment building with cannibalistic tenants.
  • Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, a satirical film about an insane American General who orders a nuclear attack on the Soviet Union, filmed during the Cold War.
  • Drop Dead Gorgeous, a parody of a beauty pageant for teenage girls in a small Minnesota town.
  • Duplex, a couple move into a house and try to get their annoying elderly neighbor to die.
  • Eating Raoul, about a prudish couple who kill rich swingers by luring them to their apartment.
  • Election about a young teen who obsesses over becoming class president, and her teacher, who finds himself actually trying to foil her. Contains element of ephebophilia, lesbianism, drug abuse, and statutory rape.
  • Eulogy, which follows a young woman (Zooey Deschanel) and her dysfunctional family in the days leading up to her grandfather's funeral.
  • Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story, based on the TV show Family Guy.
  • Fargo, a debt-ridden car salesman hires incompetent criminals to kidnap his wife in order to get a ransom from his rich father-in-law.
  • Four Rooms, four vignettes centered around a hapless bell boy, involving witchcraft, a rotting corpse, and a severed finger.
  • Ghost World, two girls graduate high-school and take separate paths while sharing the same cynical view of the world.
  • Grace Quigley, about an elderly woman who blackmails a professional hitman into assisting her suicide, but not before hiring him to kill one or two other people first.
  • Grosse Pointe Blank, about a hit man who returns to his hometown to attend his high school reunion.
  • Happiness deals unflinchingly with subjects designed to make audiences squirm (from suicide, rape and murder to pedophilia and childhood masturbation). The treatment of the subjects is blunt, but also gleefully absurdist.
  • Harold and Maude, in which an alienated young man obsessed with staged suicides and the funerals of strangers falls in love with a vivacious octogenarian.
  • The Hospital, the story of a chief of surgery who is trying to figure out why a number of hospital employees begin dying under strange circumstances.
  • Heathers, about a disaffected, jaded teen couple who start killing members of popular cliques at their high school.
  • Idiocracy; Private Joe Bowers (Wilson), the definition of "average American", is selected by the Pentagon to be the guinea pig for a top-secret hibernation program, set 1,000 years in the future. He discovers a society so incredibly dumbed-down that he's easily the most intelligent person alive.
  • Intolerable Cruelty about a divorce attorney and a gold-digger.
  • Jawbreaker three popular high school girls accidentally kill their best friend on her birthday, resulting in chaos
  • Keeping Mum a housekeeper kills the inhabitants of a small English village who are "doing the wrong thing".
  • Kind Hearts and Coronets, Ealing comedy in which the main character assassinates members of an aristocratic family to inherit a Dukedom.
  • The King of Comedy, about an aspiring stand-up comic who stalks his idol and more to become the King of Comedy.
  • The Ladykillers (1955) and (2004) versions; a criminal professor tries to perform a sophisticated robbery while fooling an old woman.
  • The Last Supper, about a group of liberal grad students who proceed to murder right-wing individuals they cannot reform.
  • Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, about three orphans who go through many tragic experiences.
  • The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou, in which Bill Murray leads a group of explorers on a revenge mission to kill a shark.
  • Little Miss Sunshine, about a highly dysfunctional family determined to get their young daughter into the finals of a beauty pageant.
  • The Little Shop of Horrors, also directed by Roger Corman, features a nerd who resorts to murder in order to feed his blood-hungry talking plant. Remade as a musical, which later became a film in 1986.
  • Little Murders, about a girl who brings home her boyfriend to meet her parents amidst a series of random shootings, garbage strikes and electrical outages ravaging the neighborhood and the family's severe dysfunction.
  • Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels, a Guy Ritchie film about the seedy underside of London crime.
  • Lolita, a film version of the novel about a man obsessed with a young girl.
  • LolliLove, mockumentary about a wealthy, egotistical couple who believe they can change the lives of homeless people by giving them a lollipop with a life-affirming message on it - includes actual homeless people in the cast, and humor around the holocaust, bulimia, cleft palates, AIDS, and so on.
  • Loot by Joe Orton, dramatist of several black comedies.
  • The Loved One, film version of the Waugh novel.
  • M*A*S*H, about the irreverent antics of army surgical hospital personnel during the Korean War.
  • Man Bites Dog, a disturbing mockumentary about a merciless hit man who takes a camera crew on a tour of his routine.
  • Monsieur Verdoux, about a suave serial killer (Charlie Chaplin) who commits his crimes to support his family.
  • My Life With Morrissey chronicles the adventures of an off-kilter office girl whose life unravels when she meet her idol (British Rock Icon Morrissey) and set off on a journey of obsessive self-delusion.
  • Penn & Teller Get Killed, in which the comedians/magicians are tracked by an assassin trying to kill them.
  • Pib and Pog, created by Aardman, set up like an childrens program; invloves too characters trying to harm eachother to a great extent.
  • Pretty Persuasion, in which a fifteen year old girl with a high IQ accuses her teacher of sexual abuse to rise to stardom.
  • The Player, a satirical look at a Hollywood studio executive who is blackmailed for murder by an unknown screenwriter.
  • Prizzi's Honor, in which a Mafia hit man and hit woman fall in love, even though they have been hired to kill each other.
  • The Royal Tenenbaums, in which a dysfunctional family of past-their-prime geniuses reunite for the first time in 23 years.
  • The Ruling Class, about an insane British nobleman who thinks he's Jesus.
  • Ruthless People, in which a businessman makes several failed attempts to kill his wife, and then celebrates when an inept husband and wife team kidnap her.
  • Serial Mom, about a suburban housewife who happens to be a serial killer.
  • Schizopolis, about a man working for a Scientology-like self-help corporation called Eventualism
  • Sleeping Dogs Lie, about a girl whose relationships are destroyed when she reluctantly reveals that once, out of curiosity, she performed oral sex on her dog.
  • Snatch, a Guy Ritchie film about tracking down a stolen diamond.
  • S.O.B., about a film director who turns a family-oriented flop musical into a hit psycho-sexual thriller.
  • Survive Style 5+, in which a man continually tries and fails to get his wife to stay dead - among other things.
  • Swimming with Sharks, about a movie mogul who subjects his new assistant to sadistic (and public) verbal abuse, and has him running around doing meaningless errands.
  • Thank You for Smoking, about an unapologetic but arguably likeable lobbyist for the tobacco industry.
  • Twin Town a British film made in Swansea, South Wales about two joy riders who take on revenge on "Bryn Cartwright" when their father "Fatty Lewis" falls off a ladder whilst doing a job for him.
  • Throw Momma from the Train, a comedic retelling of Hitchcock's thriller Strangers on a Train.
  • To Be or Not to Be, about the Nazi occupation of Poland during World War II. Remade in 1983.
  • The Trouble with Harry follows several quirky residents of a small town as they deal with a dead body that has inconveniently turned up in a local park.
  • Very Bad Things, about a group of friends who accidentally kill a hooker and murder a bellhop during a bachelor party. After burying the bodies, they begin killing each other when they fear that one of them might confess.
  • Visitor Q, absurdist, taboo-laden Japanese film with surprisingly moralistic undertones about the twisted redemption of a dysfunctional family involved in incest, rape, necrophilia, murder and mother-abuse.
  • The War of the Roses, about a couple going through a nasty divorce while still trying to live in the same house.
  • Weekend at Bernie's, in which two employees spend a weekend with the corpse of their former boss, while avoiding a mafia hit man and still trying to have fun and sexual misadventures.
  • What Are You Doing After the Orgy?, Swedish film from 1970.
  • The Whole Nine Yards, in which a dentist gets tangled up with a contract killer
  • The Wrong Box, from the story by Robert Louis Stevenson about the members of a tontine.

[edit] Periodicals

[edit] Television

[edit] Video games

  • Carmageddon series, a series of racing games in which more time to complete a race is earned by running over pedestrians.
  • Conker's Bad Fur Day, about a red squirrel's journey home after a heavy night of drinking.
  • Crash Tag Team Racing, about an abusive bandicoot who must win an amusement enterprise from a sadistic park owner.
  • Destroy All Humans, about an alien who must harvest DNA from humans to continue the cloning process of his species.
  • Fallout series
  • Grand Theft Auto series, about a lowly criminal in the big city who must rise in the ranks of organized crime throughout the game.
  • Grim Fandango, about a dead travel agent's journey through the Land of the Dead towards the Ninth Underworld, the final destination of all dead souls.
  • Oddworld series
  • Postal series
  • Smash TV, in which players compete in a violent futuristic gameshow.
  • Total Carnage
  • Twisted Metal series, about a vehicular combat contest in which the winner gets one wish.
  • The Bard's Tale, about a sardonic and opportunistic bard who is forced to save a princess by a bunch of hippies.
  • RC-1262 Scorch from Republic Commando

[edit] Websites

[edit] People

[edit] Authors

[edit] Comedians

[edit] Comics Artists and Writers

[edit] Filmmakers

[edit] Musicians

[edit] Radio Personalities

[edit] See also

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