Biadjacency matrix

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In mathematics and computer science, the biadjacency matrix of a finite bipartite graph G with n black vertices and m white vertices is an n × m matrix where the entry aij is the number of edges joining black vertex i and white vertex j. In the special case of a finite, undirected, simple bipartite graph, the biadjacency matrix is a (0,1)-matrix.

The adjacency matrix A of a bipartite graph with biadjacency matrix B is given by

A = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & B \\ B^T & 0  \end{pmatrix}.

The relationship between a bipartite graph and its biadjacency matrix is studied in spectral graph theory.

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