Bernard Bosanquet (philosopher)
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Bernard Bosanquet (July 14, 1848, Alnwick, Northumberland, England – February 8, 1923, London) was an English philosopher and political theorist, and an influential figure on matters of political and social policy in late 19th and early 20th century Britain. His work influenced - but was later subject to criticism by - many thinkers, notably Bertrand Russell, John Dewey, and William James. Bernard was the husband of Charity Organisation Society leader Helen Bosanquet.
He was educated at Harrow School and Balliol College, Oxford. After graduation, he was elected to a Fellowship at University College, Oxford, but resigned it in order to devote himself to philosophical research. He moved to London in 1881. While there, he became an active member of the London Ethical Society and the Charity Organization Society. Both were positive demonstrations of Bosanquet's ethical philosophy. But Bosanquet published on a wide range of topics, such as logic, metaphysics, aesthetics, and politics. In his metaphysics he is regarded as a key representative (with F.H. Bradley) of Absolute Idealism, although it is a term that he abandoned in favour of "speculative philosophy."
Bosanquet was one of the leaders of the so-called neo-Hegelian philosophical movement in Great Britain. He was strongly influenced by the ancient Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle, but also by the German philosophers Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Immanuel Kant. Among his best-known works are The Philosophical Theory of the State (1899; 4th ed. 1923), and his Gifford lectures, The Principle of Individuality and Virtue and The Value and Destiny of the Individual published 1912 and 1913 respectively.
He was president of the Aristotelian Society from 1894 to 1898.
