Berane
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Berane (Cyrillic: Беране) is a town in north-eastern Montenegro. It has a population of 11,776 (2003 census).
Berane is the centre of the municipality of the same name (population of 35,068) and one of the centres of Polimlje area, named after Lim River, on which Berane is situated.
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[edit] History
During the medieval period the area of Berane was known as Budimlja. It was of great holistic, political, and economic importance in the Serbian state of Raška. Saint Sava, the first Serbian archbishop, founded here one of the first Serbian episcopates in 1219. The Monastery Đurđevi Stupovi was build by the end of 12th century by Prvoslav, the son of Nemanja's brother Tihomir. Many monasteries and churches tell the story on the rich holistic life of Serbs in this area. There were seven bishops and nine metropolitans. Literary and painting schools existed in this Monastery. Apart from Đurđevi Stupovi, the second most important monastery in this area was Sudikovo, which was destroyed and burned by the Turks in 1738.
Archbishop's throne was empty for more than 350 years. Budimljanska (now Budimljansko-Nikšić) episcopate has been restored in 2002, when bishop Joanikije was reinstalled.
The area of Berane municipality and its wider neighborhood, was part of the Medieval Serbian state until 1455, when Turks took the city of Bihor and Budimlja. This valley was populated by the Serbian population until mid of 17th century, when it went under terrible suffering and many of them left. The Turks distributed the land to islamized Serbian population.
During the First Serbian Uprising (1804) and Karađorđe's (Leader of the uprising in Serbia) march to Novi Pazar, Sanjak, people of this area rebelled and met Serbian dukes Anto Bogićević and Haxi-Prodan Gligorijevic. Then, Mojsije Zecević, prior of Đurđevi Stupovi Monastery, had the leading role among Orthodox people of Budimlja. He was one of the closest allies of Petar I (Cetinjski) and Petar II Petrović-Njegoš, archbishops and political leaders of Montenegro.
Since the First Serbian Uprising until its final liberation, fights against Turks were constant, especially during the second part of the 19th century. Famous battles occurred from 1825, until 1862, but the most important one was Rudes battle on 7th April 1862, which Serbian rebbels won. Berane was finally liberated from Turks in 1912.
During the second World War, there was a terrible civil war, between Partisans (communists) and Chetniks (nationalists). During the communists' reprisals in 1944 and 1945 around 4,000 people were killed.
From July 1949 to March 1992, Berane was known as Ivangrad as a tribute to Ivan Milutinović. In 1992, it's original name was returned.
[edit] Population
Berane is administrative centre of Berane municipality, which in 2003 had a population of 35,068. The town of Berane itself has 11,776 citizens.
Population of Berane:
Ethnic groups (1991 census):
- Montenegrins (59.03%)
- Muslims by nationality (30.21%)
- Serbs (7.30%)
Ethnic groups (2003 census):
- Serbs (46.51%)
- Montenegrins (25.52%)
- Bosniaks (16.15%)
- Muslims by nationality (6.56%)
[edit] Transport
Berane is connected with rest of Montenegro by two-laned motorways. Bijelo Polje is 35km away, where there lies the major junction (railway and the road) towards Podgorica and the coast, and to Serbia. Serbia can also be reached eastwards via Rožaje (for Novi Pazar.)
Berane has an airport, which hasn't been used for a while, but there are plans for its revitalization and usage as regional airport.
Podgorica Airport is some 150 km away, and has regular flights to and from major European destinations.
[edit] External links
- Berane municipality
- Beranske novosti (Berane News)
- Visit-Montenegro.com
- Gymnasioum
- Berane Blog
- Berane - English language site
- Secondary school "Vukadin Vukadinovic"
- Secondary medical school "Dr Branko Zogovic"
| Municipalities of Montenegro |  |
|---|---|
| Andrijevica | Bar | Berane | Bijelo Polje | Budva | Cetinje | Danilovgrad | Herceg-Novi | Kolašin | Kotor | Mojkovac | Nikšić | Plav | Pljevlja | Plužine | Podgorica | Rožaje | Šavnik | Tivat | Ulcinj | Žabljak | |
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