Belfast City Hospital

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**Belfast City Hospital**
Belfast City Hospital Trust
Location

Place	51 Lisburn Road, Belfast, County Antrim, Northern Ireland, (UK)
Organisation
Care System	Public NHS
Hospital Type	District General
Affiliated Med.Sch.	Unknown
Services
Emergency Dept.	Yes Accident & Emergency
Beds	900
Speciality	Unknown
History
Founded	1841
Links
Website	Homepage
See also	Hospitals in Northern Ireland

The Belfast City Hospital located in Belfast, Northern Ireland, is a 900-bed modern university teaching hospital providing local acute services and key regional specialties. Its distinctive tower block dominates the Belfast skyline. It has a strategic focus on the development of regional cancer and renal services. The provision of high quality treatment and care continues to be its primary objective.

[edit] History

The City Hospital did not begin life as a hospital but as a Workhouse on the Lisburn Road in the early part of the 19th century. The Belfast Board of Guardians was started on 11th May 1841 and from the beginning provided sick beds for the poor who did not have access to healthcare services provided by the government. The demand for these bed quickly grew to a place where many hundreds of poor and homeless people lived, without any real plans to develop a hospital. Despite limited resources, this grew at the time to what eventually became the largest general hospital in the Kingdom. ^[1]

Because it became difficult to separate the sick from the destitute, the Workhouse was developed into a Workhouse Infirmary, which soon had over 600 beds. The largest number of patients in the Belfast Union Infirmary was recorded as 4,252 on 31 January 1869. ^[2]

Dr. Thomas Andrews, who qualified as a doctor in Edinburgh in 1835, was appointed by the Guardians at the age of 26 to work with the growing patient population and paid him £60 per annum. Belfast grew to a city of 350,000 people in Victorian times but the city had a problem with poor housing and sewage which led to at least four Cholera outbreaks. In 1847 the first Fever Hospital was opened by the Board of Guardians which was enlarged to 600 beds.

In 1849 they made the decision to remove all fevers from the wards of the Frederick Street Hospital and transfer them to the Infirmary or Fever Hospital on the grounds of the current City Hospital. This decision meant reduced bed numbers in the main Belfast General Hospital but that the amount of surgery now done there increased. In addition to the "fever" patients, the Infirmary also agreed to take all patients with burns, and those with incurable illnesses to the point where they were as many as 1,338 patients in 1883. ^[3]

In the Fever Hospital treated outbreaks of cholera, small pox, tuberculosis, measles, diphtheria, typhoid, scarlet fever and rabies. The number of nurses grew over these years although they were often untrained. In 1867, there were 15 paid nurses. In November 1884, Miss Ellie Pirrie was appointed Superintendent and Head Nurse. She knew Florence Nightingale and in December 1884, Miss Nightingale sent a Christmas present to Miss Pirrie for the children in the Infirmary. Shortly after she was appointed, the Guardians approved a uniform for the paid nurses, and a distinctive apron for the unpaid female attendants. Under Miss Pirrie, nursing training began for the first time in Belfast and the first person, Miss Craig was sent to Dublin to sit a nursing examination. Nurse Craig was appointed Superintendent in 1892. This growing Nursing School was apparently the first to train male nurses.

The Infirmary buildings were designed by Mr. Lanyon. The wards held up to seventy beds but were so large that they were hard to heat. The Maternity Hospital was first established on the City hospital site by Dr. McLeish.

The National Health Service was created in 1948, and three of the Hospital’s Laboratory Assistants were among the last 45 of the Workhouse Residents to serve on the hospital staff. Having been orphaned and with no record of their parents, they were known as Pauper John, Skipper and Red Hand Rufus.^[4]

The current hospital with its distinctive yellow tower block was opened in 1986. It is 15 stories and 76 m (250 ft) in height. It is located on a 32 acre campus. The Hospital is known internationally for its cancer research programme. This has led to the establishment of a unique transatlantic partnership between the City Hospital and the National Cancer Institute of the United States. On the 17th March, 2006 saw the opening of a state-of-the-art Oncology Centre with the most modern diagnostic and therapeutic equipment. It boasts 4 wards with a total of 72 beds and new research facilities. Much of the outpatient chemotherapy still takes place in the Bridgewater Suite in main tower block. ^[5]