Battle of Medina Ridge

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Battle of Medina Ridge was a decisive tank battle fought on 27 February 1991, during the Persian Gulf War, between the U.S. 1st Armored Division and the 2nd Brigade of the Iraqi Republican Guard Medina Luminous Division outside Basra. Medina Ridge is the name American troops gave to a low rise, approximately seven miles (11 km) long.

Gulf War
Invasion of Kuwait - Khafji - 73 Easting – Al Busayyah – Phase Line Bullet – Medina Ridge – Wadi al Batin – Norfolk

The battle, which was waged over approximately two hours, was the largest tank battle of the war and the largest tank battle in U.S. history. It took place west of Phase Line Kiwi, east of Phase Line Smash, and north of Phase Line Grape. Phase lines are map references occurring every few kilometers used to measure progress of an offensive operation.

The 1st Armored Division, commanded by Major General Ron Griffiths, consisted of some 3,000 vehicles including 166 M1A1 Abrams tanks. The brunt of the fighting at Medina Ridge was conducted by the Division's historic 2nd Brigade, known as the "Iron Brigade", commanded by Colonel Montgomery Meigs (a descendant of General Montgomery C. Meigs of Civil War fame).

During the battle, the American forces suffered only one fatality and no fatalities were due enemy fire while destroying 186 Iraqi tanks (mostly Soviet built T-72s and T-55s) and 127 armored vehicles. Only four Abrams tanks were hit by direct fire and disabled. Not a single coalition tank was destroyed in the action. Thirty-eight of the tanks were eliminated by six U.S. AH-64 Apaches from 3 mi (5 km) away at night and in rain.