Wikipedia:Articles for creation/2006-15-02

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[edit] Sam Fath

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  • Declined. Your article appears to be a joke. It might be a wonderful entry in Uncyclopedia, a wiki where jokes and parodies are highly encouraged. But sadly, Wikipedia requires a stodgier, more factual tone in its articles, and your comedic efforts cannot be rewarded here. Hyenaste (tell) 01:13, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

Samuel Joeseph Fath was born November 18, 1987. He was born in the wild and was going to be raised by wolves, but when they attempted to feed him he executed the wolf pups and fed on their corpses. The bitches and alpha male were so impressed they bowed before him and begged for mercy. He showed none. Since this time, Samuel unleashed holy hell wherever he went. He was adopted into a household where he slept only an hour a week and the rest of the time was so on edge that the weakest amongst the population tended to explode by mere proximity to his intensity. Others either fell into coma due to shock of these seemingly spontaneous explosions, while others still just sort of learned to tune the violence out. The community was purged of stupidity and actually prospered due to this seemingly unrelenting death. Sam was sent to Vermont where the majority of his peers had some level of coherence. Here, he could not cause as much damage as he did in Alabama where the sheer level of ineptitude was almost sickening. Vermont's highschools refused to challenge Sam enough so he relied on complex mental training while out in the rigors of the Vermont wild. The constant fluxuating weather, dangerous animals, rugged terrain, and simultaneous tranquility brought the all consuming chaos of Samuel together. The wilderness almost reflected the creation of the universe in all its calamity and chaos. Therein, Sam found, that he was almost like a universe. His mind stretched beyond that of normal and he realized things that we cannot comprehend. He almost exploded and created a universe (much like how ours was actually made), but in his sheer power of Will, Sam managed to contain the explosion in hiself and grew a beard. This was truly manly. Truly. Manliness was reborn in Sam. However, like before, its sheer intensity managed to leak out into other people. Like a paladin, his mere presence emboldened people and made men manly. But it leaked out over time. His friends, such as Jay Towne, became truly powerful, while Sam became a bit of a puss. Blowing his money on expensive trips on a girl that would probably never really work out in the end like all college relationships. The amount of money/time equation works out as such:

lim ((Money+time)-(time wasted))/Life life -> 0

Bottom line being... Samuel was selling his existance. He was abandoning parties early, leaving his friends and working all the time to pay off for trips that were wrecking his college life. College, being a source for future employment was thusly taking a backseat in his life. He lost his humor and was no longer as awesome. It was a tragic story. He was a bright star that shone brighter than most but ended quickly. He was buried at the woods where we would like to believe he was at the epitome of all that was Sam and Man. On the very spot furthest from Japan and the woman that destroyed him.

[edit] Sources

132.198.93.254 00:18, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Renal Sex

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Declined, source does not contain relevant information. Hyenaste (tell) 01:12, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

Renal sex is literally the act of having sex with your partner or partners' kidneys. It has little acceptance outside of alternative subcultures.

The consensus of the medical community is that renal sex can cause kidney stones, diminished renal activity or in extreme cases renal failure.

[edit] Sources

http://www.kidney.org.uk/Medical-Info/sex-problems/index.html

64.237.198.11 00:25, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] edward garrick

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[edit] Sources

12.215.170.118 01:08, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Honsbrix

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While many learned professors have abandoned hope of ever discovering the truth behind honsbrix, I for one feel that it is still a worthy cause for examination. I really, really like honsbrix. While it has been acknowledged that it has an important part to play in the development of man, honsbrix is featuring more and more in the ideals of the young and upwardly mobile. Inevitably honsbrix is often misunderstood by the over 50, who are likely to form a major stronghold in the inevitable battle for hearts and minds. Keeping all of this in mind, in this essay I will examine the major issues.

Social Factors

Society is a human product. Upon Peter Pinkleton-PishPosh's return to Britain he remarked 'class will refelect the inner hero' [1], he borrowed much from honsbrix. Spanning divides such as class, race and uglyness, honsbrix demonstrates a coherent approach, something so lacking in our culture, that it is not recognised by all.

Special care must be taken when analysing such a delicate subject. On the other hand anyone that disagrees with me is an idiot. It has been said that the one thing in society which could survive a nuclear attack is honsbrix. This is incorrect, actually cockroaches are the only thing which can survive a nuclear attack.

Economic Factors

Increasingly economic growth and innovation are being attributed to honsbrix. We will primarily be focusing on the Inter-Spam model of economics. Annual Military Budget

honsbrix

When displayed this way it becomes very clear that honsbrix is of great importance. In spite of the best efforts of The World Bank the annual military budget looms over honsbrix this cannot be a coincidence. In the light of this free trade must be examined.

Political Factors

Politics has in some areas been seen to embrace an increasing ananiathesis of intergovernmentalism leading to neo-functionalism. Comparing the general view of politics held by the poor of the west with those of the east can be like comparing the two sides of honsbrix.

In the words of award winning journalist Noah Rock 'political change changes politics, but where does it go?' [2] Amazingly, he new nothing of honsbrix until he was well into his thirties. To paraphrase, the quote is saying 'honsbrix wins votes.' Simple as that. Where do we go from here? Only time will tell.

Conclusion

In summary, honsbrix is both a need and a want. It enlightens our daily lives, provides financial security, though honsbrix brings with it obvious difficulties, it is truly honsbrix.

As a parting shot here are the words of super-star Beyonce Zeta-Jones 'I love honsbrix? Yes! Hurray for honsbrix!' [3]

[edit] Sources

[1] Flankton - The Complete History - 1999 Fantastico Publishing

[2] Rock - Roll It Up - 1977 - F. Lower Publishing

[3] Sham Magazine - Issue 124 - Monkey Books


24.43.194.39 01:14, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

  • Declined. Neologisms are not considered notable unless they receive substantial use and press coverage; this requires strong sourcing. Links to sites specifically intended to promote the neologism itself do not establish notability. -- moe.RON Let's talk | done 18:49, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] The Demimondes

The Demimondes, essentially a collaboration between noted English poet Michael Lahiffe (who's publications include Iota magazine, Ambit and the BBC) and artist John Townsend (graphic design for little white lies magazine), along with bass player Darren Gillick, formed in late 2005 with the intention of creating a series of film soundtracks, influenced by French chanson, folk, surf instrumentals and English pop music. The initial release in June 2006 of a four song EP 'John's Pets' was followed by a fourteen-track recording two months later, with the title track recieving airplay on Virgin Radio, as well as increasing underground popularity in America. The band remain committed to recording and releasing music on the internet rather than gigging, and are currently in talks with independant record labels about future releases, while the Demimondes continue to operate as a broad creative musical, literary and artistic outlet for both Townsend and Lahiffe.

[edit] Sources

http://www.iotapoetry.co.uk/ http://www.transitiontradition.com/showcase_poem.php?showcase_id=10


Mezzomondo 02:26, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Needelonator

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Needelonator - Laboratory Device used to accurately place spherical devices an experimental setup without initial conditions.

[edit] Sources

Rochester Institute of Technology, October 31 2006, Laboratory Handout. 129.21.40.153 02:45, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Matt Lane

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Matt Lane was born September 5, 1977 in Yarmouth, Maine, a small town near the ocean. He went to Yarmouth High School ‘96, which were the beginnings of his extraordinary track career. He then went to William & Mary graduating in 2001. He is currently studying to be a lawyer. Matt Lane is a well-known and accomplished athlete. He has been a professional athlete for five year (1998-2003). He is most well known for his accomplishments in middle distance track events, including the mile, 1500 meter, 3000 meter and 5000 meter. He comes in at a weight of a mere 140 pounds and an average 5 feet 10 inches. Matt Lane started his professional career under his coach Frank Gagliano, agent Tom Radcliffe, and was sponsored by Nike. His career started in 1998 coming in 1st at Colonial Conference Outdoors, 11th at NCAA Outdoors and 12th at USA Outdoors competing in 5000 meters, 12th in 1500m at IC4As, bests 3:48.70 and 13:48.48. This was a great start as a rookie and was the bases of the next 4 years as a professional. In 1999 he again came in 1st at Colonial Conference Outdoors, 6th at NCAA Outdoors and 9th at USA Outdoors competing in 5000 meters, with his best of 13:46.90. His career in 2000 was ground breaking due to his placement of #5 in the U.S. by T&FN and 4th in 5K at 2000 U.S. Olympic Trials. His other accomplishments included 2nd in 5000 meters at NCAA Outdoor Championships, bests of 3:43.60 and 13:27.24. He kept his pace during 2001 with accomplishments of 4th in 5000m at USA Outdoors (13:32.91), set Personal Record of 13:25.38 on May 4 at Palo Alto, California, ranked #6 in 5000m, #7 at 10,000m in U.S. by T&FN, and his best times of 13:25.38. 2002, his best and most accomplished year brought him records of 2nd in 3,000m at USA Indoors (7:51.71), 3rd in 5,000m at USA Outdoors (13:30.58), 5th in 4K at USA XC Champs (11:30), 3rd in 3,000m at Khania (7:50.77), 10th in mile at Nike Prefontaine (3:57.57PR), ranked #2 at 3,000m, 4th at 5,000m & 10th at 1,500m in U.S. by T&FN, with his bests of 3:40.66, 3:57.57, 7:50.77 & 13:28.05. Matt ended his professional career in 2003 with 11th in 5000m at USA Outdoors (13:52.62), 11th in 5000m at London (13:42.69), best of 13:42.69. Matt Lane could accomplish this with an intense workout running more than 100 miles a week and two workouts a day. Matt Lane not only was an accomplished athlete but he also an astounding piano player. This led him to one of his biggest role models, Bruce Hornsby, a well-known piano player. Matt Lane said in an interview “Bruce is a very down-to-earth guy, and we get along pretty well, He was kind enough to show me a few things on the piano.” He now spend his time with his wife in Southern Maine and co-coaching the Yarmouth High School Cross Country team with Bob Morse. He last public appearance with running was handing awards at the Belfast Invitational in Maine. by Justin Wendler

[edit] Sources

http://www.usatf.org, http://district.yarmouth.k12.me.us/Pages/index

70.87.207.234 03:15, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

  • Declined: Your sources provide no information on the subject itself, only schools and businesses mentioned in the article. Please provide more sources that relate directly to the person in question Harryboyles 05:59, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] The Green Book Directory

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[edit] Introduction

The Green Book has been a prominent source of business information since 1980. Our comprehensive database of information and innovative products satisfy the procurement needs of a wide range of industries and interests.

With its roots in the printed media, The Green Book has a rich 20 year tradition of providing user-friendly sources of business information.

The Green Book has become a trusted name for establishing business contacts for hundreds of thousands of users in Singapore and the rest of the world.

Utilizing the power of the internet, The Green Book has created an online community for buyers and sellers to interact with each other.

From initial sourcing of products right through to an e-commerce transaction, TheGreenBook.com caters to all procurement needs in one place. Whether through the traditional printed directory services or the latest e-business solutions, The Green Book provides an invaluable information source


[edit] The Green Book Mission

To be the leading provider of quality e-business, advertising and information services for local and international markets.


[edit] External Link

The Green Book Directory


[edit] Amiene Rev The First Blog Reviewer In Malaysia

Amiene Rev known in Malaysia and Indonesia as the first person who found the idea of becoming blog reviewer. Through this idea, Amiene Rev spread the words about the important of using national language in Malaysian blog. This action has created a new phenomenon where people start to change, start to look back at their blog. Amiene Rev motivated Malaysians to appreciate their mother tongue language - Malay Language for blogging. Since there are many blogger use wrong phrase and spells for Malay language in the blog, Amiene Rev start to critize and teach them about it.

Most people like this idea, since Amiene Rev review, critized and rated their personal blog, give suggestion on how blogger can improve their blog contents. Amiene Rev created himself the criteria and elements used to give score and grade to the blog he visit, read and review. Some people called him, PB (Pengkritik Blog) which mean Blog Reviewer or Blog Observer. Amiene Rev has been given tasks and trusts to become an official blog review for a Malaysian blog message box organisation to review every blogs registered with that organisation.

Amiene Rev is an author who like to write about children and teen storybook and novel in Malay language. Some of his works, such as poems has been published in local magazine and also put into some Malay novel since he used many nicknames, only person who very closed to him know and admire him. Since Amiene Rev love his mother tongue language, he only write in Malay. Just visit his blog, and see the beauty of Malay language used to review and rate those Malaysian blog. Also some knowledges which he freely share with newbies.

Instead of motivated people through his blog, Amiene Rev spread his motivation arts in real world. He travels from one place to one place, volunteering in teaching kids and teens at schools and also at orphanage centers.

Amiene Rev is a low profile person, but still a phenomenon in Malaysian world of blogging. People will continue to talk about him even he is still very new in making appearing in the world of blog.

[edit] Sources

http://dukeamienerev.blogspot.com/ http://dragonizer.blogspot.com http://s6.invisionfree.com/dragonizer http://www.bayyinat.org.uk/bloglist.htm

[edit] Adenike Akins

[edit] Sources

156.12.170.199 03:42, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

THE BRAIN BEHIND THE ORGANIZATION

Miss Adenike Akinsemolu, a young, bright student and a prize-winning, budding playwright, has just started a non-profit organization called The Black Intellects International. The web site for the organization, BlackIntellect.net, draws on African tradition and mythology, while employing current Western idiom. Born in Akure, Ondo State, to Yoruba parents, Adenike is fluent in Yoruba (Ondo dialect) and English, and has a smattering of French. She went to school in Nigeria, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, where she is currently pursuing a course of studies in Biochemistry/pre-Medicine at Kutztown University of PA. Adenike hopes to establish a hospital in Nigeria when she finishes Medical school. She believes that what is important about a person is the character, not the outward appearance. She would describe herself, and those who know her say she is, diligent.

MISSION STATEMENT

The Black Intellects International has as its goals: • To restore confidence, hope, and unity among all the Black people of the world; • To encourage the investment in the motherland; • To make scholarships and grants available to deserving Black students; • To relentlessly fight racism, corruption, and terrorism; • To educate our people on the dangers of the AIDS scourge; • To empower in myriad ways the helpless and hopeless; • To hunt for talents and nurture them.


Sources

http://www.lilnike.com http://www.onlinenigeria.com/articles/ad.asp?blurb=235 http://www.africreations.com/Radio.html http://www.blackintellects.net/viewpage.asp?ID=79 http://www.keystoneonline.com/archives/front_page.asp?issue_id=113

[edit] poolatwork

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poolatwork is a community movement for like-minded creative individuals. It is a meeting place for ideas and people coming together to contribute to the culture of today


[edit] Moahni Moahna

The story of Moahni Moahna


The band was formed 1992 by Henrik Flyman and Tommy Rehn as the two only permanent members. It all began when they decided to record three newly composed songs as a test to hear how they would sound with a proper performance. The other musicians asked to join Henrik and Tommy in the studio were Martin (vocals), Magnus Byström (drums), Marcus Winberg (bass). In addition to the rock orchestra, there were also a classical orchestra and a choir brought in to spice things up. The session turned out very well and a decision was made to finance a mini CD. And to go with that, a video was shot for the song "The Quest For the Unholy Sword". The CD and the video were sent out to lots of influential people. It resulted in surprisingly many good reviews in magazines and the daily press. The video was aired on MTV Headbangers Ball and the CD was played several times at Swedish national and local radio shows. All this probably helped a lot in making the decision to transform Moahni Moahna into something more of a real band.

A keyboard player was added in form of Kai Backlund. Henrik and Tommy had already several new songs ready and the rehearsals began. Within soon the band was out performing gigs at clubs and festivals. Now the time had come to record a full length album and to go for a record deal. Johan Bobäck was brought in to take over the keys together with Fredrik Sahlander as the new bass player. The new line up started with doing a small Sweden tour to try the new songs on stage in front of an audience. The last gig of the tour was held at the rock club Pipeline in Sundsvall, where national radio P3 met up with their mobile studio bus and recorded the complete show. The full concert was aired twice.

Moahni Moahna entered the studio and started recording their first full length album. The songs would be new versions of the three songs from the mini CD ("Face the Light") and five new compositions. On top of the touring band, several extra instruments were added to give the songs that extra authentic feel. Just like they had done on the mini CD. The idea was to use accoustic instruments instead of simulating them with keyboards. Keyboards were only used to reproduce syntheziser sounds. Other key instruments were hammond organ and grand piano. The additional instruments used would include accordion, flute, military marching drums, harmonica, a horn section, a string section, a choir and a full chamber orchestra. When the recordings were finished, it wasn´t long before a record deal was signed with a Swedish label. It meant that the album would be released in Asia and Sweden. The year is now 1994.

The first gig after the completion of the debut album "Temple of Life" was held at a sold out Hard Rock Cafe in Stockholm. The line up had once again been modified. Keyboards were now handeled by Richard Andersson and drums by Jaime Salazar. On stage were also Fredrik Burstedt on violin and Åsa Arvidsson playing the accordion. The gig was a total success and it wasn´t long before lots of great album reviews were piling up. The band did some more gigs with this line up. The next modification came when they welcomed new drummer Björn Hagberg. This line up performed about some handful concerts. Then Henrik and Tommy started writing for the second album.

At this stage the band realized that the record label was run by criminals and all royalties were gone. This left the band in a very difficult situation. The only chance to record album number two was to lend equipment from friends and build a temporary studio in an empty house accessible through Henrik. It was located in the northern parts of Sweden, where the winter was extra cold this early 1996. Even though the studio gear weren´t built to fit together, the studio room was a partly furnished living room and the water pipings were frozen, the recording sessions were highly creative and everything went smooth in its own strange way. Soon the album "Why" was ready. Moahni Moahna got a new record deal with a German label. They released the new album and re-released the first album, since it still wasn´t released in the whole of Europe. In Asia a separat deal was made with another company. The band did some more festivals and one gig as support for Deep Purple. Now it comes clear that the German label has stolen the royalties from Moahni Moahna. Bit by bit joy fades away and band activity decreases. Nothing is ever officially said about ending the band.

[edit] Sources

www.angtoria.com www.moahnimoahna.inc.se


85.226.160.68 03:50, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Shag Wagon

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  1. REDIRECT Volkswagen_Type_2
  • Declined: The requested redirect does not specifically relate to the Volkswagon in question. Furthermore, Wikipedia is not a dictionary. Harryboyles 06:03, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Sweet Delirium

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Sweet Delirium are a rock and roll band hailing from the small suburb of cleveland, Brisbane. Consisting of four teenage boys, Some heavy guitar riffs and a vocal melody that will make you want to jump up and dance! Sweet Delirium are truley a unique and indivual act that cannot be missed.

[edit] History

One hot summer day of 2004 Liam Hennessy(vocals, guitar) and his mate Sean Cotteril decided to start a folk band. After realising his heart was not with folk music Liam left the band and called in some of the best national and international musicians in town. (Joe Power, Joey Mcgahan, Justin Giovenco) An early incarnation of Sweet Delirium was born.


After a few months of solid practice the boys recorded the very first E.P titled A JESTER LIFE... This E.P notably became the worlds greatest rock record for a whole 7 weeks. THEN!!! E.P number two came. With a much heavier sound, and vocal lines that will make you want to cry(literally) Sweet Delirium's second release RISE ABOVE will soon make these boys a house-hold name.

[edit] Trivia

Did you know? Bass player Joey Mcgahan is a homosexual, He was caught enjoying sexual activities with another male instead of showing up to band practice.

Did you know? Liam Hennessy has one of the largest Penis's in the world.

Did you know? Joe Power secretly likes to dress up in drag and perform under the name "I.Am.Fukhed"

[edit] Sources

www.myspace.com/sweetdeliriumtheband www.thebestbandever.com Menace to society90 04:38, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Greg Loftis

Greg Loftis(born 5/15/79) is a musician from Omaha, Ne. He is the founding member of rock group "An Iris Pattern". Notable contributions have come from Tim Kasher and A.J. Mogis.

Debut EP release(A Museum Is Silent Suffering) scheduled for winter 2007 with a full length to shortly follow on Indian Burn Records.

[edit] Sources

Lazy-i.com, SlamOmaha.com and The Reader (Omaha, Ne)

69.168.199.193 05:36, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Oflag XVII-A

Oflag XVII-A was a prisoner of war camp for officers (oflag) situated in Austria near Doellersheim.

The camp was located at Edelbach, between Allensteig and Doellersheim.

Oflag XVII-A functioned between 1940 and April of 1945, the date of its liberation by Soviet troops. It primarily held french officers. Approximately 6000 were held there during its functioning.

The prison guards were often Austrian veterans and the detention conditions were, for the most part, less draconian than other camps.

These lax conditions partially explain several notable characteristics of the camp:

It holds the record for largest successful group escape: 130 persons. -A documentary film was shot there during the 1950's -"Sous le manteau" (Beneath the Cloak) was later copied onto 24 image/sec 16 mm film -Twenty former inmates were involved in the project; they aided as producers, camera crew, technicians and, of course, actors -Several hundred photos were taken during the course of the filming. They constitute a unique insiders view of the living conditions the inmates endured.

(photo title) Of these photos, the most ironic may be this sign, which reads "photographs prohibited"

[edit] Sources

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oflag_XVII-A

This article is a simple verbatim translation of the french wikipedia page of the subject. I simply desired to translate it for the anglophone site. I will probably do so again in the future if this is in accordance with the Wikipedia rules


131.215.243.16 06:30, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Re-Re

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A politically correct way to refer to a smart person who acts stupid.

[edit] Sources

http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=re-re

74.111.168.224 07:57, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Chinese Fringetree (Chinese Fringe Tree)

The Chinese fringetree (Chionanthus retusus) is a deciduous tree native to East Asia. It is known as 流蘇樹 (liúsūshù) in Chinese. It grows up to about 6 meters in height.

[edit] Sources

http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Oleaceae/Chionanthus_retusus.html http://trees.stanford.edu/images/chionanthus_gal/index.htm http://davesgarden.com/pf/go/75132/ http://taibnet.sinica.edu.tw/chinese/taibnet_species_detail.asp?TSID=204565

67.100.45.248 08:11, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Whitehall Theatre, Whitehall, London, SW1

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The Whitehall Theatre in London's Whitehall, opened on on the 29th of September 1930 with a play called 'The Way To Treat A Woman' by Walter Hackett. The Theatre was designed by Edward A. Stone with an Art Deco interior by Marc-Henri and Laverdet. The Whitehall Theatre is well known for being the home, in the 50s and 60s, of Brian Rix's 'Whitehall Farces'.

The Theatre was converted in 2003 into two Studio Spaces, and renamed the Trafalgar Studios which opened with the Royal Shakespeare Company's production of 'Othello' on the 3rd of June 2004.

[edit] Sources

86.129.67.29 10:22, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] trry

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rry

[edit] Sources

rty book

193.195.148.238 11:00, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

Tony Mccartney Widely regarded as the greatest maths teacher in Mount Scopus Memorial College long and enthralling history, Tony Mccartney has taught many a class valuable lessons in the mathematical area. He is father to Seamus and others and is curently in his second marriage. Tony Mccartney has taken a particular liking to Jared Nash who has achieved particularly good results in his classes. Tony is known by the students of Mount Scopus Memorial College as 'the king of analogies.'

[edit] Sources

scopus.vic.edu.au 60.224.78.78 11:06, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Serjeant Painter

This was an honorable and lucrative position. It carried with it the prerogative of painting ann gilding all of the King's residences, coaches, banners, etc. and it grossed over £ 1000 in a good year. The work itself involved little more than house painting and was done by assitants. In 1720 Sir James Thornhill was appointed Serjeant Painter and in 1757 William Hogarth.

[edit] Sources

Ronald Paulson, Hogarth : His Life, Art, and Times (New Haven en Londen 1971) 2 vols I, 86 and 90.

80.100.68.252 11:13, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] US Helsinki Commission

Redirect to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe

[edit] Sources

The CSCE is also known as the Helsinki Commission, however, it is differnt to HELCOM.

193.60.218.253 11:22, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Dominic Hillier

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Hello, Dominic Hillier was bourne in Hammersmith, London, UK on May 25th 1989 He likes music and cheese. LoLz. ly xox He has aloud me to write this and accepts his fate.

[edit] Sources

This is from Dominic Hilliers up-coming book "The Life and Dreams of Dominic Hillier"

195.195.244.154 12:35, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Lewis Cater

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Lewis is this really cool guy. Hes got pink hair and is a really nice guy. Hes in a band lolz www.myspace.com/yellosnow

this is his myspace www.myspace.com/lewisiscool


[edit] Sources

195.195.244.154 12:37, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

  • Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you. Harryboyles 06:08, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Heterosis and inheritance of quantitatve characters in a diallel cross of pearl millet

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64.201.33.97 13:23, 1 November 2006 (UTC) Heterosis and Inheritance of Quantitative Characters in a Diallel Cross of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)

  • 1A. U. Izge, A2. M. Kadams and D2. T. Gungula
  • Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Yola, P.M.B. 2076,Yola, Nigeria.
  • E: mail: (snipped)

ABSTRACT Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is a staple food in the dry areas of Nigeria and parts of West Africa and Asia. It possesses desirable agronomic attributes that are associated with its total grain yield. Determination of the gene actions controlling these agronomic yields attributes the level of heterosis and the associations among the parental lines and the crosses would be useful in developing appropriate selection strategies. A nursery experiment was conducted during the dry season of 2003 to March, 2004 at the Lake Chad Research Institute Maiduguri, Nigeria under irrigation with 10 (ten) pearl millet inbred lines to form an F1 population, by crossing in all possible combinations excluding reciprocals through diallel (Griffing’s Method 2 Model 1). The 45 crosses and the 10 parental lines were evaluated during the cropping seasons of 2004 and 2005 at two locations, Maiduguri and Yola, Nigeria in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that there were significant differences among the entries for most of the traits evaluated. Both additive and non-additive genetic effects were involved in the control of the characters, but non-additive genetic effect was the most important in that regard. This study identified ACC-1022-1-2SPT and SOSAT- C88 as the best parents in total grain yield considering there per se performance. The parents, BONKOK-SHORT, DMR 43, DMR22 and LCIC9702 were identified as the best general combiners in terms of GCA effects. The crosses DMR22 x LCIC9702, DMR43 x LCIC9702, DMR22 x LCIC9703-27, D2P29 x EX-BORNO were observed to have recorded the highest SCA effects. Similarly, the crosses D2P29 x DMR43, DMR22 x LCIC9702, DMR43 x LCIC9702, BONKOK- SHORT x SOSAT-C88 and D2P29 x EX-BORNO were the highest in terms of per se performance. It has been observed however, that some crosses with high SCA effects were also high in per se performance. A fair general parallelism existed in most cases between GCA effects and the performance of the parental lines per se. Similar parallelism also existed between SCA effects and per se performance of crosses and between SCA effects of crosses and levels of higher parent heterosis. Considerable higher parent heterosis was exhibited among the crosses in almost all the characters. Higher parent heterosis of 85.13 % and 114.05 % for yield per plant and total grain yield per hectare respectively, were obtained in this study. There is great potential therefore for the production of hybrid pearl millet varieties. The preponderance of non-additive genetic effect, and the tremendous levels of higher parent heterosis observed among the characters in the parents and the crosses studied would be great assets in choosing pearl millet cultivars for inter crossing and development of varieties and hybrids for commercial production. Key words: Per se performance, additive genetic effect, non additive genetic effect, and high parent heterosis

____________________________________________________________________ Short running title: Genetic study in a diverse population of pearl millet.


INTRODUCTION Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) is a staple food crop in arid and semi-arid areas of Africa and Asia (Khairwal et al. 1999) Beside as the principal food cereal in arid and semi-arid regions and as forage in Australia, South Africa, South America and the USA, pearl millet has a potential as an early-maturing summer grain crop in temperate regions (Anand Kumar and Andrews, 1993, Yoshida and Sumida, 1996). Pearl millet has high yield potential and responds well to water and soil fertility (Poehlman, 1994). However, several pearl millet varieties exist in West Africa, but they have low grain yields when grown under harsh conditions characterized by poor, eroded soils and low uneven rainfall (Ouendeba et al. 1993). Since the pearl millet varieties grown in arid and semi-arid areas of Africa and Asia have insignificant yield gains, information on the combining abilities and heterosis of diverse breeding population are needed for efficient choice of breeding methods and parental materials to use in developing productive base population. The knowledge on the relative magnitude of genetic variability of the desired agronomic characters within the population is also important. At present information on genetic variability in pearl millet are available (Izge et al. 2005), but information on the combining abilities and heterotic patterns among the pearl millet cultivars that are grown in the Sahel and the Sudan savanna agricultural zones of Nigeria are limited. This information if available would be helpful in the development of a successful breeding program, because mass selection within the pearl millet populations have not increased grain yield significantly. Jauhar, (1981) reported that most breeding procedures in the USA and India in pearl millet are aimed at maximum exploitation of hybrid vigor for both grain and forage yields. Nwasike et al. (1992) and Ouendeba et al. (1993) working independently each on five different cultivars reported significant level of heterosis in pearl millet. Gardener and Eberhart, (1966) and Barker (1978), however, expressed reservation on such results and reported that any diallel involving less than ten parental lines may not give accurate results. The objectives of this study therefore were to determine the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances that will indicate the type of gene action controlling the various agronomic yield traits. The study was also aimed at estimating the GCA effect of parents and the SCA effects of crosses and to identify the level of heterosis among the crosses in all the traits evaluated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten (10) pearl millet inbred lines chosen based on their geographical and genetic diversity were randomly selected and crossed in all possible combinations (diallel) without reciprocals during the dry season of 2003 to March 2004 under irrigation applied to soil field capacity every two three days till maturity, at the Lake Chad Research Institute (LCRI), Maiduguri, Nigeria. The genetic materials were procured from LCRI, Maiduguri and ICRISAT India viz, ACC-1022-1-2SPT, BONKOK-SHORT, DMR43, DMR22, LCIC9702, LCIC9703-27, D2P29, EX-BORNO, SOSAT- C88 and IMV11-3-3SPT. All the 45 crosses (F1) and the ten parental lines were grown for evaluation at two locations, Yola (90 8I N, 120 16I E), in northern guinea savanna and Maiduguri (110 53I 130 16I E), in Sudan savanna agricultural zones of Nigeria. The two locations provide difference in soil type and rainfall representing the two main pearl millet growing areas in Nigeria and indeed West Africa and Asia. The Maiduguri soils are characteristically sandy with a low moisture holding capacity Rayar (1986), while Yola soils are sandy loams with relatively high moisture holding capacity. The weather during the research is characterized by low temperature and dry air that is typical of the harmttan period. The materials were grown in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications both at Yola and Maiduguri locations during the 2004 and 2005 cropping seasons. The genetic seed materials were planted on 22nd and on 29th of June in 2004 and 2005 respectively at Maiduguri location, while it was planted on 04th and 11th July in 2004 and 2005 respectively at Yola location. The plot size was made up of four rows each 5 m long and spaced 75 cm between rows and 50 cm within stands. Seeds sun dried to 10 % moisture content were sown by hand as a pinch after treatment with Apron-Star WS (Metalaxyl active ingredient) at the rate of 15 g kg -1 of pearl millet seeds. Seeds after germination were thinned to 2 plants per stand at 3 weeks after sowing. Compound fertilizer (N.P.K 27:10:10) at the rate of 60 kg ha-1 was applied in two split doses, one at planting and the other at 5 weeks after sowing. Weed control was done by hoe at three weeks and seven weeks after sowing, according to Onwueme and Sinha (1991). Harvesting was done manually using hoe and knife after the plants have matured. Data collections were done on the following parameters, following the procedure of Nwasike et al. (1992) and Izge et al. (2005). The parameters were; Days to 50 % flowering, number of tillers/plant, number of leaves/plant, downy mildew incidence, plant height, panicle length, number of seeds/panicle, 1000-grain weight, threshing %, grain yield/plant, and grain yield/ha. The statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed based on plot mean values for all the parameters combined across locations and years. The combining ability analysis was done according to Griffing (1956) Method 2 Model 1 using SAS 2005 package from Zhang et al. (2005), based on the following linear additive model: Yijkl =  + Li + Yj + (LY) ij + R (ij) k + El + (LE) il + (YE) jl + (LYE) ijl + є (ijkl). Where Yijkl = observation of any variable in the ith location, jth year, kth replication, of the lth entry;  = over all mean; Li = effect of the ith location, i = 1, 2; Yj = effect of the jth year, j = 1, 2; (LY) ij = location x year interaction; R (ij) k = random error effect of the kth replication nested in locations and years; El = effect of the lth entry, l = 1…55; (LE) il = location x entry interaction; (YE) jl = year x entry interactions; є (ijkl) = random error effect of the ijklth plot observations. The estimation of heterosis as an increase in F1 means over high parent means were expressed as percentage and computed using the formula of Liang et al. (1972) as follows: H = F1 – Hp / Hp x 100, where H = high parent heterosis, F1 = mean performance of crosses (hybrids) and Hp = mean performance of the high parent. RESULTS The mean squares of entries and analysis of variance for combining ability in a 10 x 10 diallel cross of pearl millet combined across locations and years are presented in Table1. The results indicated that highly significant or significant variance difference occurred in most of the characters studied. However, there was no significant difference among crosses, parents, and GCA variance in total grain yield/ha. There was also no significant difference among parents, crosses, and in GCA, SCA, GCA x Location, SCA x Location in grain yield/plant. Similarly, there was no significant difference observed in SCA, GCA x Location, GCA x year, SCA x year, and GCA x year x location in downy mildew incidence. The GCA x location, year x location, year x location x entry and parents x crosses variance interactions were highly significant for days to 50 % flowering. However, SCA x location variance interaction was significant for downy mildew incidence and threshing %. The ratio of GCA to SCA variance however, indicated that the major part of the total genetic variability was due in part by additive genetic effect, but mostly by non-additive genetic effect where ratios were less than unity. The estimates of general combining ability effects for yield and yield components in parental lines of pearl millet combined across locations and years are presented in Table 2. None of he parental lines exhibited any significant GCA effect for total grain yields. None of the parental lines also exhibited significant difference in GCA effects in number of tillers per plant, number of leaves/plant, threshing % and grain yield/plant. The parental line BONKOK-SHORT, exhibited the highest and significant negative GCA effects in days to 50 % flowering, plant height, panicle length and in number of seeds/panicle. Similarly, DMR22 exhibited the highest and significant positive GCA effects in days to 50 % flowering and plant height. The results revealed that BONKOK-SHORT, and LCIC9702 were the best general combiners for earliness, because both the parental lines exhibited highly significant and negative GCA effects for days to 50 % flowering. The result also indicated that DMR43, and DMR22 together are good general combiners for plant height, while DMR43 is a good general combiner for panicle length and number of seeds/panicle. Similarly BONKOK-SHORT is a good general combiner for 1000-grain weight. The result indicated that there is a significant and positive correlations existing between GCA effects and the parental performance per se in all the characters, except number of tillers/plant, grain yield/plant and total grain yield/ha. The estimates of specific combining ability effects for yield and yield components among crosses of pearl millet combined across locations and years are presented in Table 3. The results indicated that ACC-1022-1-2SPT x BONKOK-SHORT exhibited the highest, positive and significant SCA effect only in panicle length. In contrast however, BONKOK-SHORT x D2P29, exhibited the highest and significant negative SCA effect in the same character. The crosses BONKOK-SHORT x SOSAT-C88 and BONKOK-SHORT x EX-BORNO exhibited the highest significant positive SCA effect and the highest significant negative SCA effect respectively in days to 50 % flowering (Table 3). Similarly, highest and negative significant SCA effect for total grain yield was recorded by D2P29 x SOSAT-C88. No positive and significant SCA effects were observed among all the crosses in total grain yield and in yield/plant. The best performing parents and the crosses on the basis of per se performance and their combining abilities for certain characters are presented in Table 4. The result revealed that the best crosses in SCA effects did not always involved one or both of the best general combiners. The crosses with high SCA effects in most cases involved at least one or two of the good general combiners as parents, namely BONKOK-SHORT, DMR43, DMR22, LCIC9702 and D2P29. The result also reveals a good general parallelism between GCA effects and per se performance of parents for most of the characters. A similar trend of good parallelism was also observed between SCA effects and the per se performance of crosses (Table 4). The heterosis of crosses over higher parents for yield and yield components of pearl millet combined across locations and years are presented in Table 5. Positive high parent heterosis ranging between 1.69 to 114.05 % for total grain yield was recorded in forty-two out of the forty-five crosses. The result also revealed high level of high parent heterosis in grain yield/plant. The high parent heterosis of 85.13, 82.46, and 64.83 in the crosses IMV11-3-3SPT x LCIC9702, DMR22 x LCIC9702 and D2P29 x LCIC9702 in yield/plant was recorded. The result also showed that crosses, DMR22 x LCIC9702, EX-BORNO x IMV11-3-3SPT, D2P29 x DMR43, EX-BORNO x LCIC9702, BONKOK-SHORT x IMV11-3-3SPT, and D2P29 x EX-BORNO as had the best high parent heterosis for total grin yield. Of all the crosses, D2P29 x EX-BORNO, BONKOK-SHORT x D2P29, BONKOK-SHORT x IMV11-3-3SPT, DMR22 x IMV11-3-3SPT and EX-BORNO x IMV11-3-3SPT exhibited the highest high parent heterosis in tiller number. The result also revealed, LCIC9703-27 x SOSAT-C88, DMR43 x IMV11-3-3SPT, LCIC9702 x SOSAT-C88, ACC-1022-1-2SPT x BONKOK-SHORT and BONKOK-SHORT x SOSAT-C88 as having the highest and negative levels of high parent heterosis for downy mildew incidence. A positive high parent heterosis of up to 221.8 % of downy mildew incidence was recorded in the cross BONKOK-SHORT x LCIC9702. Generally, tremendous level of high parent heterosis was observed among the population, except in days to 50 % flowering, plant height and 1000-grain weight. The result also indicated significant and positive correlations between high parent heterosis and SCA effects for all the characters, except in number of tillers/plant, plant height, panicle length, and 1000-grain weight (Table 5).

DISCUSSIONS The presence of significant difference among the parental lines and the crosses of pearl millet population studied have been observed in all the characters. The presence of these differences therefore, indicated that an appreciable level of genetic variability existed in the pearl millet population. Falconer (1989) reported that the genetic improvements that can be obtained by selection among a number of parental lines and or crosses are dependent on the amount of variation existing between the population and the amount of selection applied. This therefore implies that the population generated would most likely respond to selection. The combining ability analysis of variance revealed the presence of additive and non-additive genetic effects as important in the control of the characters investigated. However, the ratio of GCA to SCA indicated that the major part of the total genetic variability for most of the characters were mainly due to non-additive genetic effects except for panicle length, number of seeds per/panicle and 1000-grain weight, suggesting that those characters were predominantly under the control of additive genetic effects. Contrasting results were reported by Nwasike et al. (1992), Chawdhary and Singh (1978) and Rao and Joshi (1979). The over all breeding implication of these results suggest that few of the characters of the pearl millet population could be improved through selection schemes like hybridization programs such as recurrent selection, which would necessitate the maintenance of heterozygosity in the population. Dogget and Eberhart (1968), Ahmad et al. (1979) and Kadams, (2000) also made similar recommendation in other self-pollinated crops. Panicle length, number of seeds/panicle and 1000-grain weight were at variance with this conclusion as they were under an additive genetic control. These characters could therefore, be improved through selection schemes such as the pedigree method or single seed descent method or any other modified selection capable of exploiting the fixable genetic variance. Under such a situation, the simultaneous exploitation of additive and non-additive components of genetic effects is advocated. Nwasike and Oyejola (1989) recommended the use of recurrent selection for population improvement in that respect. Since the variance due to GCA was lower than that due to SCA, it also means that non-additive genetic effects were more stable than additive genetic effects over the environments suggesting that more than one test environment is not necessary to get any reliable information on the characters involved among these populations. Similar results were reported by Nwasike et al. (1992). The general combining ability effects helps in identifying desirable parents in order to isolate desirable homozygotes from a segregating population. The highly significant and negative GCA effects displayed by BONKOK-SHORT and LCIC9702 in days to 50 % flowering, implies that these two parents when crossed together would most likely produce early or extra-early maturing crosses. Kimbeng and Nwasike (1994) and Kukadia et al. (1983) reported similar results. The parent D2P29 that was a good general combiner for downy mildew tolerance, because of its negative and significant GCA effect for downy mildew incidence could be suitable for incorporation into a breeding program for downy mildew disease tolerance. The parental line EX-BORNO that was reported by Ouendeba et al. (1993) to be tolerant to downy mildew disease however did not appear to show any significant and negative GCA effect for downy mildew incidence. This could be due in part to difference in the environments in which the two different studies were carried out. It could also be because; downy mildew disease strain in Nigeria has been reported to be the most virulent (Anaso et al. 1998). High level of correlations existing between GCA effects of parents and the parental line per se performance for most of the characters has a serious implication on crop improvement. Singh et al. (1982) reported that crossing two parents having a high general combining ability effects produced best performing crosses. Some authors have however expressed reservation and reported that the performance of a variety per se is not always a good indicator of their superior general combining abilities. Therefore in most cases parents could not be selected easily based on their GCA effects purely on the basis of their performance as varieties. Specific combining ability effects can be used to identify the best cross-combinations for hybrid production. The means (per se performances) of the best eleven crosses as well as the correlation coefficients between the per se performance and the SCA effects shows that the best crosses in terms of SCA effects, involved one or both of the best general combiners, namely BONKOK-SHORT, EX-BORNO, DMR43, DMR22, and D2P29. However, other poor general combiners frequently gave good cross-combinations, when they were crossed with best general combiners. Srivastava et al. (1978) and Kadams (2000), have suggested that when parents with high and low GCA effects are crossed, the poor parent could throw up desirable transgressive segregates giving rise to a new population. However, they added that, this is only possible if the additive genetic system present in the good combiner and the complimentary epistasis present in the crosses act in a complimentary fashion to maximize the desirable plant attributes which could be further exploited in further breeding programs. The corresponding means of the best crosses as well as the existence of high levels of correlation between means and SCA effects for all the characters except, number of tillers/plant, and 1000-grain weight connotes that the per se performance could be used to predict the best crosses, eliminating the cumbersome calculations of SCA effects. The presence of heterosis for different traits of pearl millet has been reported in a number of studies. Virk (1988) and Presterl and Weltzien (2003) gave a detailed review. Most estimates of heterosis were obtained by using diallel with inbred parents as in this study and therefore comparable. Ouendeba et al. (1993) investigated heterosis and combining ability among five African pearl millet landraces in contrast to this study where heterosis were investigated among ten parental lines. Barker (1978) reported that estimate of heterosis and combining ability becomes effective only when the parental lines are not less than ten in a diallel. Negative heterosis for downy mildew incidence in pearl millet is very desirable, implying a possibility of breeding downy mildew tolerant cultivars. Crosses producing higher and negative heterosis in downy mildew incidence were among those that recorded higher negative SCA effects. Chawdhry and Singh (1978) reported similar results where higher SCA effects were reflected in higher heterotic responses among crosses. SCA effects could therefore be used in some cases to predict or identify high level of heterosis among crosses. However, in some instances high heterotic response of a cross does not always mean high performance of the cross as well. This is because high heterosis of a cross may be due to relatively poor performance of one of the parents. Plant height and panicle length are characteristics that are considered by local farmers in choosing pearl millet cultivars in northern Nigeria. Longer plants are useful, since the straws can be used for bedding, building and thatching. Shorter plants on the other hand are also desirable in this particular environment because of their tolerance to strong windy conditions that could cause lodging. The present study identified the crosses, EX-BORNO x SOSAT-C88 and IMV11-3-3SPT x LCIC9702, as having the longest plant height with high levels of high parent heterosis, while ACC-1022-1-2SPT x BONKOK-SHORT as having the shortest plant height. However, DMR43 x IMV11-3-3SPT, IMV11-3-3SPT x LCIC9702 and IMV11-3-3SPT x SOSAT-C88 could be the most desired cross combinations for developing varieties with longer panicle length, because they exhibited high level of high parent heterosis in panicle length. The crosses ACC-1022-1-2SPT x BONKOK-SHORT, D2P29 x LCIC9703-27 and LCIC9702 x LCIC9703-27, recorded high levels of high parent heterosis in 1000-grain weight and could be recommended for increased total grain yield. Significant and positive level of heterosis for 1000-grain weight was reported by Nwasike et al. (1992) in pearl millet. This study concludes that the SCA variance was greater than the GCA variance for most of the characters among the pearl millet population, indicating non-additive genetic effects as the most important in the control of the characters studied. Since non-additive gene action was more important for grain yield, simple recurrent selection that emphasizes selection for SCA could be employed in the breeding program. The study also concludes that an astounding level of variability existed in the population because of the enormous level of high parent heterosis among the crosses, indicating a possibility for the production of pearl millet hybrid varieties.

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Zhang, Y., M. M. Kang, K. R. Lamkey, 2005. Diallel-SAS05: A comprehensive program for Griffing’s and Gardener-Eberhart analyses. Agron. J., 97(4): 1097-1106.


Table 1: Mean squares of entries and analysis of variance for combining ability in a 10 X 10 diallel cross of pearl millet, combined across locations (Maiduguri and Yola) and years (2004 and 2005).

Sources of Variation Df Days to 50% flowering. No. of tillers / plant. No. of leaves / plant. Downy mildew incidence (%) Plant height (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of seeds / panicle 1000-grain wt.(g) Threshing % Grain yield / plant (g) Grain yield (kg/ha) Year 1 12023.465** 38.305** 593.752** 3401.913** 145726.076* 28.546 949319.64 5.447 3858.693** 1150.75* 3050913.91** Location 1 1071.638** 4.583* 2397.824** 150.112 7845.062* 580.81** 85116754.98** 6.875 27001.226** 19806.585** 4662672.07** Rep/Location 4 17.592 1.045 52.585* 295.593* 2957.701* 25.169 593193.8 6.897 403.131* 361.309 611726.71* Crosses 44 23.208** 0.431 21.163 118.894* 1111.802* 92.314** 603710.31 3.847 99.883 131.933 170527.34 Parents 9 18.065 0.689 17.222 107.366 2017.254* 236.531** 1398635.83* 0.899 91.721 77.551 50638.32 Entries 54 48.99** 0.547 30.172** 134.387* 2826.993** 258.329** 1178341.79** 6.663 133.476 165.736* 357260.96** Year X Location 1 765.941** 0.341 3.206 172.626 22256.954** 181.472* 7539570.98* 2.647 18850.53** 9820.694** 10047516.93** Year X Parent 9 8.21 0.201 14.723 43.937 562.82 10.911 444656.85 1.931 73.092 140.796 159736.17 Year X Entries 54 9.79 0.369 8.414 72.742 521.65 16.715 516737.49 2.755 97.526 97.969 113649.56 Year X Location X Entr. 54 20.30** 0.395 14.576 46.714 1122.899** 12.963 801148.59* 3.903 423.607 265.3** 259882.16** Location X Parents 9 26.73 0.377 12.513 139.142 729.174 21.352 628349.37 1.341 82.144 192.587 295204.78* Location X Entries 54 11.02 0.369 14.555 73.158 714.259 14.556 577551.27 3.452 177.25 113.562 16210.06 Parents X Crosses 1 548.017** 5.643** 177.232* 115.864 70.87** 87.051 947769.75 11.383 19.037 1209.996* 8348714.218** GCA 9 112.538** 0.441 12.911 269.111** 4589.895** 849.192** 2391364.92** 13.56** 171.625 94.901 204495.29 SCA 45 30.157** 0.598 25.116* 83.79 1657.248** 80.207** 436522.43 3.835 125.272 117.377 292038.10** GCA X Location 9 28.254** 0.254 12.089 99.367 774.325 23.931 335857.54 1.23 70.773 153.908 259721.92 SCA X Location 45 9.12 0.33 13.248 104.497* 724.261 16.057 409541.64 4.745 167.354* 98.133 103469.14 GCA X Year 9 28.26 0.196 11.741 106.566 1076.322 89.553** 529963.41 3.919 126.07 80.767 54885.71 SCA X Year 45 10.517 0.355 10.956 74.344 598.614 29.786 369998.23 3.104 74.282 92.274 96701.63 GCA X Year X Location 9 18.445 0.75 11.795 74.111 497.926 17.024 369884.49 3.597 200.674 145.187 118156.733 Pooled error 409 9.025 0.355 14.694 58.547 606.736 20.361 550391.3 2.973 93.116 99.23 119185.4 GCA:SCA - 0.408 0.351 0.001 0.695 0.316 1.154 1.347 1.023 0.203 0.199 0.29



Table 2: Estimates of general combining ability effects for yield and yield components in ten pearl millet inbred lines, combined across locations (Maiduguri and Yola) and years (2004 and 2005).

S/NO. Parental lines Days to 50% flowering. No. of tillers / plant. No. of leaves / plant. Downy mildew incidence (%) Plant height(cm) Panicle length(cm) No. of seeds / panicle 1000-grain weight(g) Threshing% Grain yield / plant (g). Grain yield(kg/ha) 1 ACC-1022-1-2SPT -0.38 -0.028 -0.247 -1.518 1.612 1.9 219.625 -0.255 0.912 -3.353 -67.01 2 BONKOK SHORT -4.110** 0.032 -1.065 -1.562 -23.088** -14.605** -810.733** 1.955** 4.495 -1.246 -59.441 3 D2P29 0.477 0.007 -0.675 -4.371* 9.98 2.835* 94.707 -0.437 -2.809 0.68 17.946 4 DMR43 2.008** 0.006 0.753 -1.145 10.499* 7.449** 306.602* 0.047 -2.666 3.155 88.091 5 DMR22 2.392** -0.162 -0.122 1.92 10.810* 2.933** 236.178 -0.149 -0.591 -0.19 -4.366 6 EX-BORNO 1.259* 0.141 0.851 1.519 4.375 -0.927 101.813 0.039 -1.415 0.935 3.941 7 IMV 11-3-3SPT 0.144 -0.04 0.503 2.919 1.159 1.664 52.39 -.818* -1.308 0.694 35.459 8 LCIC9702 -1.565** 0.03 0.227 0.189 -16.243** -0.684 -77.85 -0.155 2.333 0.285 48.657 9 LCIC9703-27 -0.219 -0.004 -0.288 2.578* 1.196 -0.442 -128.58 -0.265 1.034 -0.954 -48.587 10 SOSAT-C88 -0.006 0.018 0.064 -0.528 -0.301 -0.125 5.848 0.038 0.015 -0.006 -14.69 LSD(0.05) 4.806 NS NS 12.245 39.419 7.221 118.726 2.759 NS NS NS LSD(0.01) 6.317 NS NS 16.094 51.808 9.491 156.04 3.626 NS NS NS r (Mean & GCA) 0.629 0.088 0.698* 0.55 0.962** 0.919** 0.694* 0.865** 0.643* 0.136 0.4


Table 3: Estimates of specific combining ability effects for yield and yield component characters among 45 Cross of pearl millet, combined across locations (Maiduguri and Yola) and years (2004 and 2005). Pedigree Days to 50% flowering No.of tillers/plant. No.of leaves /plant. Downy mildew incid. (%) Plant height (cm) Panicle length (cm) No.of leaves / plant 1000-grain weight (g) Threshing% Grain yield/ plant (g). Grain yield (kg/ha) S/NO. Cross 1 1X2 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X BONKOK SHORT 2.138 -0.135 1.852 -3.407 9.381 9.484** 551.663 -1.291 -2.412 -0.175 56.882 2 1X3 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X D2P29 -0.679 -0.13 0.663 2.022 -3.77 -0.173 296.124 0.113 4.382 1.054 39.316 3 1X4 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X DMR43 1.684 0.297 -0.074 1.598 0.993 -5.216 328.678 0.146 7.877 -0.733 16.378 4 1X5 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X DMR22 -0.977 -0.168 1.707 -3.244 1.405 -2.471 108.084 -0.774 2.907 -2.999 -79.982 5 1X6 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X EX-BORNO -2.334 0.208 -2.289 -3.444 -7.464 1.174 -264.897 0.44 -0.572 0.237 59.409 6 1X7 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X IMV11-3-3SPT -0.114 -46 -1.325 -2.971 7.392 -0.953 187.958 0.544 -0.744 0.079 67.821 7 1X8 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X LCIC9702 0.164 -0.017 2.042 0.559 8.85 -1.251 -274.796 0.168 -7.103 -4.826 -103.297 8 1X9 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X LCIC9703-27 0.725 -0.307 -2.263 -2.677 -14.92 -1.826 119.975 0.163 2.535 0.414 33.405 9 1X10 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X SOSAT-C88 0.219 0.131 -1.064 8.977 1.765 0.75 -372.441 0.478 -3.495 2.862 26.508 10 2X3 BONKOK SHORT X D2P29 -0.008 0.065 0.857 1.633 -15.778 -6.521** -302.712 0.657 4.366 -1.485 -57.477 11 2X4 BONKOK SHORT X DMR43 -0.887 0.057 -0.477 1.295 0.346 -5.917* -243.346 3.206** 1.15 -5.133 -195.95 12 2X5 BONKOK SHORT X DMR22 -1.646* 0.263 0.622 5.381 6.807 -4.161 -189.608 0.829 1.951 4.341 161.93 13 2X6 BONKOK SHORT X EX-BORNO -4.355** -0.055 0.025 1.175 9.574 -1.362 -185.882 0.906 5.295 2.536 168.873 14 2X7 BONKOK SHORT X IM11-3-3SPT -2.238 0.522 2.209 -5.683 0.983 -1.977 -202.212 -0.031 -4.483 1.321 155.554 15 2X8 BONKOK SHORT X LCIC9702 -1.832 0.099 -1.11 7.188 3.672 0.706 36.229 -0.386 4.577 -2.231 -14.627 16 2X9 BONKOK SHORT X LCIC9703-27 -0.484 0.083 0.595 -2.501 1.692 -0.13 -53.049 -0.434 0.735 -0.396 146.244 17 2X10 BONKOK SHORT X SOSAT-C88 4.493** -0.326 -1.813 -3.383 -0.96 5.644 294.032 -1.803 -8.331 3.057 -118.092 18 3X4 D2P29 X DMR43 -1.828 0.057 -0.238 4.504 1.34 -3.858 -227.768 -0.046 2.975 1.266 203.408 19 3X5 D2P29 X DMR22 -0.114 0.207 1.015 -1.606 -1.186 -3.998 18.745 -0.103 -3.636 -2.637 32.124 20 3X6 D2P29 X EX-BORNO -0.503 -0.056 -0.801 -2.192 -0.289 2.416 122.804 0.142 -1.297 2.502 224.263 21 3X7 D2P29 X IMV11-3-3SPT 0.277 -0.233 -3.134 0.483 7.684 2.364 508.728 -0.231 5.428 3.004 154.678 22 3X8 D2P29 X LCIC9702 0.645 0.249 1.833 -1.871 19.656 3.77 111.666 -0.08 -1.252 6.545 154.204 23 3X9 D2P29 X LCIC9703-27 -1.286 0.455 2.641 -1.943 14.803 4.105 -55.946 0.525 -1.663 4.897 51.732 24 3X10 D2P29 X SOSAT-C88 -2.293 -0.181 -0.729 -0.954 -5.593 2.011 -354.14 -0.904 -8.775 -10.6 -495.727* 25 4X5 DMR43 X DMR22 -1.262 0.327 2.759 -3.219 -29.48 1.78 215.399 0.358 -0.079 2.923 114.661 26 4X6 DMR43 X EX-BORNO 0.025 0.485 1.152 -1.766 16.968 1.575 -268.784 0.121 -7.602 1.49 64.578 27 4X7 DMR43 X IMV11-3-3SPT 2.1 -0.316 -1.353 -7.634 0.387 9.306** 248.965 -0.114 2.753 6.808 168.614 28 4X8 DMR43 X LCIC9702 1.054 -0.3 -0.414 -1.167 11.328 3.433 192.583 -0.431 -8.375 3.826 249.875 29 4X9 DMR43 X LCIC9703-27 -2.203 0.271 1.3 5.605 2.641 1.176 85.218 -0.573 0.532 2.841 -36.553 30 4X10 DMR43 X SOSAT-C88 3.228 -0.577 -1.743 0.032 6.5 1.198 177.13 -1.421 -0.937 -8.211 -288.399 31 5X6 DMR22 X EX- BORNO 1.022 -0.24 0.324 -1.334 3.912 -1.861 513.244 -0.361 3.462 -0.296 21.467 32 5X7 DMR22 X IMV11-3-3SPT 1.58 0.392 2.758 -0.9 17.139 -0.645 -42.695 0.347 -5.365 2.607 62.935 33 5X8 DMR22 X LCIC9702 0.408 -0.091 -0.803 -1.599 27.256 0.596 460.298 -0.138 -2.093 5.29 299.555 34 5X9 DMR22 X LCIC9703-27 0.652 -0.272 0.285 -0.917 12.068 3.926 318.309 0.329 7.914 4.359 232.658 35 5X10 DMR22 X SOSAT-C88 0.333 -0.257 -6.079* 2.85 -22.466 4.589 -650.767 -0.107 -3.071 -7.458 -606.422** 36 6X7 EX-BORNO X IMV11-3-3SPT -1.346 0.414 2.858 8.173 -12.493 -4.2 -78.459 0.669 4.735 -1.107 87.452 37 6X8 EX-BORNO X LCIC9702 -0.402 0.299 0.342 -1.325 -2.083 -2.4 -192.99 0.246 -2.239 -2.316 44.156 38 6X9 EX-BORNO X LCIC9703-27 0.961 -0.505 -3.05 0.527 11.812 0.503 -79.731 -0.374 -3.467 -4.575 -43.55 39 6X10 EX-BORNO X SOSAT-C88 3.481 -0.146 1.926 0.814 -0.133 1.646 167.269 -1.001 1.408 0.033 -272.978 40 7X8 IMV11-3-3SPT X LCIC9702 -0.135 -0.027 2.345 7.32 18.57 3.525 109.866 -0.289 -0.234 3.204 -118.275 41 7X9 IMV11-3-3SPT X LCIC9703-27 0.058 0.144 -0.713 0.557 9.166 0.827 2.616 -0.462 -5.766 -3.098 -68.348 42 7X10 IMV11-3-3SPT X SOSAT-C88 -0.777 -0.369 -1.377 -0.659 -20.843 -3.883 -217.381 -0.096 1.999 -4.831 -182.011 43 8X9 LCIC9702 X LCIC9703-27 -3.728* 0.187 0.851 2.261 -5.824 -0.886 -191.243 0.983 3.993 1.832 62.939 44 8X10 LCIC9702 X SOSAT-C88 0.745 -0.24 -3.708 -7.631 -49.552** -5.215 -51.632 0.163 9.413 -4.889 -220.158 45 9X10 LCIC9703-27 X SOSAT-C88 2.237 0.104 1.008 -2.066 -17.972 -5.04 -4.63 0.069 0.755 -2.364 -155.682 LSD(0.05) 4.806 0.954 6.133 12.245 39.419 7.221 1187.26 2.769 15.443 15.94 552.487 LSD(0.01) 6.317 1.252 8.061 16.094 51.808 9.491 1560.4 3.626 20.296 20.95 726.126 r (SCA & Means) 0.425** 0.008 0.693** 0.470** 0.315* 0.306* 0.379* 0.2 0.481** 0.461** 0.425** ____________________________________________________________________


Table 4: Best performing parents and crosses on the basis of per se and combining ability for certain characters in a diallel cross.


Characters Parents (per se) General combiners Specific combiners Crosses (per se)

Days to 50 % flowering ACC-1022-1-2SPT BONKOK-SHORT BONKOK-SHORT x EX-BORNO BONKOK-SHORT x EX-BORNO Number of tillers ACC-1022-1-2SPT EX-BORNO DMR43 x EX-BORNO BONKOK-SHORT x IMV11-3-3SPT Number of leaves SOSAT-C88 DMR43 IMV11-3-3SPT x LCIC9702 EX-BORNO x IMV11-3-3SPT Downy mildew incidence D2P29 D2P29 LCIC9703-27 x SOSAT-C88 DMR43 x IMV11-3-3SPT Plant height DMR43 DMR22 DMR43 x SOSAT-C88 DMR22 x LCIC9702 Panicle length DMR22 DMR43 DMR43 x IMV11-3-3SPT ACC-1022-2SPT x BONKOK-SHORT Number of seeds/panicle SOSAT-C88 DMR43 DMR43 x SOSAT-C88 ACC-1022-2SPT x BONKOK-SHORT 1000- grain weight BONKOK-SHORT BONKOK-SHORT ACC-1022-2SPTxBONKOK-SHORT BONKOK-SHORT x DMR43 Threshing % LCIC9702 BONKOK-SHORT D2P29 x IMV11-3-3SPT LCIC9702 x SOSAT-C88 Grain yield per plant EX-BORNO DMR43 DMR43 x EX-BORNO DMR43 x IMV11-3-3SPT Grain yield per hectare ACC-1022-1-2SPT DMR43 D2P29 x DMR43 DMR22 x LCIC9702 ____________________________________________________________________


Table 5: Heterosis of crosses over high parent for yield and yield component characters of pearl millet, combined across locations and years. S/NO Cross Pedigree Days to 50% flowering No. of tillers / plant. No. of leaves / plant. Downy mildew incid. (%) Plant height (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of seeds / panicle 1000-grain weight (g) Threshing% Grain yield / plant (g) Grain yield (kg/ha) 1 1X2 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X BONKOK SHORT -6.6 15.58 -3.37 -81.02 -11 -35.39 19.62 18.59 -9.47 -12.77 21.14 2 1X3 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X D2P29 -4.26 -8.67 3.5 -58.45 3.57 -2.41 4.23 0.78 -5.61 10.23 52.2 3 1X4 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X DMR43 -3.66 -7.65 -6.47 9.42 3.53 -6.14 -11.78 12.77 -2.63 -8.27 30.47 4 1X5 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X DMR22 -0.43 -12.24 11.78 -72.73 4.85 -9.91 1.41 -2.23 -0.44 -19.08 9.38 5 1X6 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X EX-BORNO -6.5 1.02 -8.35 -78.25 1 -9.98 -26.07 7.29 1.82 10.55 28.27 6 1X7 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X IMV11-3-3SPT -3.45 -4.59 -4.01 -64.13 3.81 -6.77 -32.24 -2.05 -8.98 -4.19 27.37 7 1X8 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X LCIC9702 -5.45 -5.61 8.8 -33.66 -7.81 -18.35 -16.9 -5.33 -19.56 -32.17 -3.35 8 1X9 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X LCIC9703-27 -2.58 -9.05 -18.63 -75.02 -1.55 -14.23 -0.56 2.38 6.41 -12.08 -1.69 9 1X10 ACC-1022-1-2SPT X SOSAT-C88 -7.78 -1.53 -7.42 -54.43 4.27 -6.8 -22.48 6.27 -5.91 -5.3 35.34 10 2X3 BONKOK SHORT X D2P29 -8.32 49.18 36.24 -68.09 -4.11 -38.68 -43.04 -16.95 -2.8 37.77 39.86 11 2X4 BONKOK SHORT X DMR43 -6.33 6.1 0.84 -13.34 1.31 -28.08 -31.18 13.1 -5.09 -21.62 5.93 12 2X5 BONKOK SHORT X DMR22 -6.06 27.33 22.72 -37.01 3.95 -37.04 -13.38 -12.61 -2.56 60.54 85.28 13 2X6 BONKOK SHORT X EX-BORNO -13.55 11.18 10.57 -29.67 9.12 -34.02 -48.79 -7.07 -0.78 -0.67 88.81 14 2X7 BONKOK SHORT X IM11-3-3SPT -6.88 41.67 17.25 -77.18 10.78 -21 -27.98 -12.48 -6.73 36.82 93.45 15 2X8 BONKOK SHORT X LCIC9702 -7.65 -11.73 -8.81 221.8 12.11 -14.44 -23.46 -13.78 2.55 1.15 50.68 16 2X9 BONKOK SHORT X LCIC9703-27 -10.33 -3.02 4.26 -69.05 -1.83 -19.41 -24.65 -19.98 -2.34 -15.42 78.75 17 2X10 BONKOK SHORT X SOSAT-C88 -9.21 24.54 9.29 -79.91 15.88 -9.86 -36.4 -12.76 -11.45 16.96 55.87 18 3X4 D2P29 X DMR43 -2.75 -11.59 1.75 126.41 10.66 3.15 1.8 9.03 2.03 16.58 96.9 19 3X5 D2P29 X DMR22 -0.23 -27.33 18.62 -35.45 10.5 -8.31 16.19 2.9 0.58 12.06 60.34 20 3X6 D2P29 X EX-BORNO -5.56 -3.11 -7.75 23.97 7.51 -5.13 3.22 6.19 2.94 1.74 89.29 21 3X7 D2P29 X IMV11-3-3SPT -3.9 -17.61 -13.63 91.16 6.94 -0.49 21.09 -3.46 7.41 22.02 81.35 22 3X8 D2P29 X LCIC9702 -7.03 -10.71 6.25 -13.74 3.17 -1.92 9.44 1.67 5.59 64.83 80.07 23 3X9 D2P29 X LCIC9703-27 -6.73 -17.59 0.7 -12.34 11.35 -1.25 -7.09 13.49 7.77 16.08 49.85 24 3X10 D2P29 X SOSAT-C88 -4.41 -8.59 -3.2 -24.73 10.69 -6.5 -11.17 -5.02 -2.48 -37.95 18.69 25 4X5 DMR43 X DMR22 -3.11 18.29 19.78 -50.1 -4.49 2.88 -7.41 10.16 0.63 13.06 42.09 26 4X6 DMR43 X EX-BORNO -3.23 53.05 18.94 -32.52 8.75 -6.03 -6.02 10.28 -10.91 60.71 65.62 27 4X7 DMR43 X IMV11-3-3SPT -1.38 -7.93 -1.04 -91.01 3.51 11.22 2.84 3.22 -2.12 42.65 58.33 28 4X8 DMR43 X LCIC9702 -7.53 -4.08 5.51 -27.04 -1.06 5.67 -9.04 5.78 -12.15 31.52 82.38 29 4X9 DMR43 X LCIC9703-27 -7.89 5.03 6.23 3.09 7.78 -9.94 -10.16 6.58 -1.41 30.64 23.92 30 4X10 DMR43 X SOSAT-C88 -3.37 3.05 -2.29 -61.7 13.83 3.06 12.78 6.21 -7.89 1.07 53.22 31 5X6 DMR22 X EX- BORNO -1.02 6.21 9.06 -54.67 7.76 -22.25 3.22 7.29 11.73 -6.01 48.59 32 5X7 DMR22 X IMV11-3-3SPT -2.26 37.33 9.41 -13.91 10.25 -7.92 0.87 -2.79 -15.45 54.49 73.25 33 5X8 DMR22 X LCIC9702 -4.4 -10.2 2.76 -63.87 11.2 -15.06 28.32 0 -4.31 82.46 114.05 34 5X9 DMR22 X LCIC9703-27 -4.04 -17.59 0.57 -47.65 12.97 -3.67 9.32 5.44 7.45 28.13 63.13 35 5X10 DMR22 X SOSAT-C88 -4.39 17.18 -22.33 -77.44 2.66 -8.25 -11.03 5.44 -3.67 -12.78 -16.62 36 6X7 EX-BORNO X IMV11-3-3SPT -7.28 34.16 19.63 66.05 5.22 -8.26 -18.33 5.64 -12.51 -0.34 107.23 37 6X8 EX-BORNO X LCIC9702 -9.17 2.04 5.84 29.2 -0.63 -12.84 -21.95 6.41 -9.64 -16.69 91.63 38 6X9 EX-BORNO X LCIC9703-27 -7.16 -18.59 -14.18 -16.59 7.98 -4.48 -21.95 3.31 0.69 -26.42 69.79 39 6X10 EX-BORNO X SOSAT-C88 -4.31 19.63 -3.2 -59.97 17.97 -10.34 2.36 1.1 -9.16 -17.83 37.83 40 7X8 IMV11-3-3SPT X LCIC9702 -5.08 2.04 24.59 -20.26 21.67 20.88 7.32 -0.78 1.99 85.13 67.1 41 7X9 IMV11-3-3SPT X LCIC9703-27 -5.65 -0.5 -5.85 -41.85 -1.66 7.2 -5.56 -8.63 -9.77 1.19 15.97 42 7X10 IMV11-3-3SPT X SOSAT-C88 -9.85 19.63 -0.6 -68.62 13.83 11.17 -7.01 3.98 -5 20.75 49.84 43 8X9 LCIC9702 X LCIC9703-27 -11.29 1.51 5.34 -22.37 -2.83 0.69 -4.07 15 -1.44 36.4 88.81 44 8X10 LCIC9702 X SOSAT-C88 -10.77 6.12 -7.6 -86.67 6.8 2.55 -2.06 3.22 1.63 6.32 50.56 45 9X10 LCIC9703-27 X SOSAT-C88 -7.72 15.58 4.95 -99.42 6.21 1.07 -10.66 3.18 1.9 12.39 27.98 r (Heterosis & SCA ) 0.300* 0.087 0.711** 0.537** 0.207 0.25 0.545** 0.194 0.523** 0.663** 0.648**

  • Declined: Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not a repository of theses. If you want to contribute this information, please edit it so it is in a form suitable for an encyclopedia. Harryboyles 06:13, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Potterplay

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[edit] Sources

PotterPlay was first founded on April 1st, 2003. Its main site was located in Geocities. Since then, the format of roleplaying in PotterPlay has changed vastly from message boards to the current forum in Invisionfree. It is the longest running Harry Potter RPG.


82.22.36.241 13:38, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Du'Blade

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A sword with a blade on either side of the hilt. It is an extensively technical weapon, and you can find it in Sacred and Sacred:Underworld.

[edit] Max Geer

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max geer

max geer
born august 17th 1951

he founded arby's


[edit] Sources

www.cia.gov arbys history www.arbys.com

personal knowledge
www.arbys.com


216.167.223.145 15:50, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

  • Declined. We cannot accept unsourced suggestions or sources that are not reliable per the verifiability policy. Please provide sources with your suggestions. Note that personal knowledge does not count as a legitimate source. Harryboyles 06:18, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Modified Condition/Decision Coverage

Modified Condition/Decision Coverage (MCDC) is a form of software testing or verification. In MCDC testing, every line of source code is executed at least once, and every condition is executed in every possible state.

Consider for example the following code:

if (A and B and C) then

 process1();

else

 process2();

end if;

First all variables in the condition are set to true and the code is executed. Process1 should be called (Note that MCDC is intrinsically a form of unit test, so the actual procedure process1 will not be called, but a stub will that will verity execution got to the correct place).

Then on the next code run, A will be set to false, causing the whole condition to be false and process2 to be called. On the third run, A will be reset to true, but B will be set to false, and on the final run, C will be set to false with A and B being set to true. This verifies that all values can be set and have the desired effect on code execution.

The FAA requires safety critical code in aircraft to be tested to the MCDC level.

[edit] Sources

http://www.tc.faa.gov/its/worldpac/techrpt/ar01-18.pdf

4.156.153.183 16:02, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] BOOT.INI

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Please redirect BOOT.INI to NTLDR

  • Article created. Thank you for your contribution to Wikipedia! Harryboyles 06:27, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] O2GO

O2GO is a functional powder that, when added to 500ml of water, creates a vitamin enhanced low calorie soft drink alternative.

O2GO is notable because it encourages consumers to refill and practice the reuse of water bottles from readily availiable sources such as a watercooler in the office or the tap at home rather than purchase bottled water which contributes to recycling of PET Bottles on a massive scale.

O2GO ingredients

Thiamine
Niacin
Pantothenic Acid
Pyridoxine
Citric acid
Maltodextrin
Sucralose

[edit] Sources

O2GO Website Food Manufacture News SANTEAU Website


Jyates 16:34, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Million Dollar Murder

Million Dollar Murder was Wilson Middle School's first ever play. With the small cast of only 12 and 2 young directors who co-wrote the play, they made it a success. With only 2 months of short rehersal, the cast had some struggles but prevailed in the end. Allthough they were only allowed to put the play on for one night because of certain people, they did an amazing job.

[edit] Sources

www.myspace.com/milliondollarmurder

204.39.20.10 16:43, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] The McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program

The Collaborative Crop Research Program (CCRP) is a competitive grants program funded by The McKnight Foundation for the purpose of increasing food security for resource-poor people in developing countries. Our vision is "a world in which all people have access to the food they need on the terms they can afford, and produced in ways that can be sustained by the wise management of local resources and are consistent with cultural values and nutritional requirements for a healthy and productive life" (<a href="http://mcknight.ccrp.cornell.edu/about/vision.html" target="_blank">Vision page</a>).

The program began in 1993 as a $12 million, six-year effort to support agricultural research aimed at helping developing countries. It has since evolved through three phases. In 1995, nine collaborative projects received grants (Phase I). These projects were in Brazil, Chile, China, Ethiopia, India, Mexico, Peru, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. In 2000, the Foundation committed another $41.5 million over nine years (Phase II). During the first funding cycle of Phase II, 16 projects received funds. Beginning in 2002, the CCRP began a cycle of grant-making aimed at funding clusters of projects in geographic regions where food insecurity is both pronounced and likely to benefit from crop research investment (Phase III). In 2005-2006, sets of grants were initiated in the Andes, Eastern and Southern Africa, and the Sahel region of West Africa. An important component of this new strategy is providing financial and logistical support for regional CoPs made up of the CCRP-funded project teams. The project teams are composed of members/representatives from a variety of professions and institutions, and they have complementary insights and perspectives that can boost the group's collective understanding of regionally important agro-ecosystems and the complex socio-economic, cultural, and biophysical conditions that influence them. By providing support for annual CoP meetings and exchange visits for the projects in each region, the CCRP hopes to foster synergies and to encourage the teams to improve their project's effectiveness. CoP interactions allow participants to engage in open and constructive discussions of how to best manage the common research and development challenges they face as they attempt to improve food and nutritional security in the region.

The CCRP Program is led by Program Director Rebecca Nelson.

[edit] Sources

<a href="http://mcknight.ccrp.cornell.edu/" target="_blank">The McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program</a>


Kellylindsay 16:49, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] The McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program

The Collaborative Crop Research Program (CCRP) is a competitive grants program funded by The McKnight Foundation for the purpose of increasing food security for resource-poor people in developing countries. Our vision is "a world in which all people have access to the food they need on the terms they can afford, and produced in ways that can be sustained by the wise management of local resources and are consistent with cultural values and nutritional requirements for a healthy and productive life" (Vision page, http://mcknight.ccrp.cornell.edu/about/vision.html).

The program began in 1993 as a $12 million, six-year effort to support agricultural research aimed at helping developing countries. It has since evolved through three phases. In 1995, nine collaborative projects received grants (Phase I). These projects were in Brazil, Chile, China, Ethiopia, India, Mexico, Peru, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. In 2000, the Foundation committed another $41.5 million over nine years (Phase II). During the first funding cycle of Phase II, 16 projects received funds. Beginning in 2002, the CCRP began a cycle of grant-making aimed at funding clusters of projects in geographic regions where food insecurity is both pronounced and likely to benefit from crop research investment (Phase III). In 2005-2006, sets of grants were initiated in the Andes, Eastern and Southern Africa, and the Sahel region of West Africa. An important component of this new strategy is providing financial and logistical support for regional CoPs made up of the CCRP-funded project teams. The project teams are composed of members/representatives from a variety of professions and institutions, and they have complementary insights and perspectives that can boost the group's collective understanding of regionally important agro-ecosystems and the complex socio-economic, cultural, and biophysical conditions that influence them. By providing support for annual CoP meetings and exchange visits for the projects in each region, the CCRP hopes to foster synergies and to encourage the teams to improve their project's effectiveness. CoP interactions allow participants to engage in open and constructive discussions of how to best manage the common research and development challenges they face as they attempt to improve food and nutritional security in the region.

The CCRP Program is led by Program Director Rebecca Nelson.

[edit] Sources

The McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program http://mcknight.ccrp.cornell.edu


Kellylindsay 16:50, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Sources

Hyndland Secondary is the best school ever -->


86.29.1.42 17:10, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] MILTON ROGOVIN

Milton Rogovin was born in New York City in 1909. After graduating from Columbia University, Milton moved to Buffalo in 1938, setting up his own optometry business. In 1942, he married a woman by the name of Anne Snetsky. In that same year, he was inducted into the army, working as an optometrist. After being discharged from the army, Milton and his wife Anne had three children: two daughters (Ellen and Paula), and one son (Mark). He was called before the House un-American Activities Committee in 1952. Along with many other Americans, Milton was subject and victim of the Communist witch-hunts. The incident inspired Milton to turn to photography as a means of expression. For Milton, photography was a means to, above all else, keep his voice from being silenced. In his life, Milton has traveled throughout the world, taking numerous photographs, and earning highly-accredited awards. Still, out of all his work, his most impressive feat was in the development of “The Forgotten One’s.” In the work, Milton captured over a hundred families from Buffalo’s lower west side. Milton’s started the project in 1972, completing it more than thirty years later (in 2003), at the age of 92. In 1999, the Library of Congress collected more than one thousand of Rogovin’s prints. Today, Rogovin is acknowledged not only as an exceptional artist, but as a hero of working class people.

[edit] Sources

a. http://www.miltonrogovin.com/biography.php

b. http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/coll/238_rogo.html

c. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1298160

d. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0348/is_n4_v38/ai_20535760/pg_1


Calacj06 17:48, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Jay Poole

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[edit] Sources

72.38.36.87 17:54, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Kill Poet Press & Journal

Kill Poet is an online journal and small indie publisher based in Los Angeles. Their goal is to propagate the agitated voice of urban poetry. They can be found at www.killpoet.com

[edit] Sources

www.killpoet.com


69.162.72.177 17:57, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Professor Russ Grier

Russ Grier is a Forensics teacher at Pascack Valley High School. He was born on November 4, 1977. He received his training to teach the course and Syracuse University and is considered a professor there. He also teaches Botany and is an avid environmentalist.

During his college years, he spent semesters abroad learning different languages. As of right now, he’s fluent in English, Turkish, Chinese, Hindi, German, Japanese, and is learning Korean and Italian whilst attending night classes at a local school. Post college, he backpacked around Europe and Asia broadening his education on various world cultures. Lastly, before teaching, he served in the Peace Corps for 5 years in Papua New Guinea, helping to build huts for the locals.

Russ Grier is well known throughout the school for his kind words of inspiration and good advice. Students often go to him with food as offerings in return for his profound teaching abilities. He’s also known to the students as a guest star on the popular 90s game show “Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego”, although he denies it on a daily basis.


[edit] Sources

http://pascackvrhs.schoolwires.com

Jbender07 18:08, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Sources

216.170.86.184 18:11, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Baselios Thomas

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Catholicos Aboon Mor Baselios Thomas I is the spiritual head of the 15 million Syrian Christians of India, a Christian community believed to have been established by Apostle St. Thomas in a place called Maliyankara, near Paravur in South India in AD. 52. His Beatitude was enthroned as the Catholicos and the head of the Church of India on 26th July 2002 in a solemn function officiated by the Patriarch of Antioch and all the East and the Supreme head of the Universal Syrian Church, H.H. Ignatius Zakka I Iwas, at the St. Peter & St. Paul Cathedral in Mor Ephrem Monastery, Ma`arat Sayyidnaya, near Damascus, Syria. He is also the President of the regional Episcopal Synod since 1999 and the Metropolitan Trustee of Malankara Jacobite Syrian Christian Association. Late lamented Aboon Mor Baselios Paulose II of blessed memory was his immediate predecessor in the seat of the holy Catholicos.

Mor Baselios Thomas I was born in the Cheruvillil family of Vadayambadi, Puthenkuriz to Mathai and Kunjamma on 22nd July 1929. Early part of his life was full of sufferings. Though he belonged to an aristocratic family, by the time he was born the family had seen bad days. As a child he had frequent bouts of illness which affected his education. His mother used to take the young boy frequently to the nearby Malecuriz Dayro where the relics of late Patriarch St. Ignatius Elias III and Saint Gregorios Geevarghese (Parumala Thirumeni) had been interred. One night, as his mother prayed with the young boy on her lap, she had a vision which prompted her to dedicate the boy to the service of the church. Within days, the boy's illness was entirely cured. God was with him, guiding him and shaping him.

His priestly formation was under the guidance of Mor Philoxenos Paulose (late Catholicos Mor Baselios Paulose II) who ordained him 'Korooyo' in 1952 and 'Shamshono' at Kadamattom Church in 1957. In August 1958, C M Thomas was ordained 'Kassisso' (full priest) by Mor Yulius Elias at the Majanikkara Dayro. In 1959 he was appointed as the vicar of St.Peter's church, Puthencuriz. Later he served the churches at Vellathooval, Keezhumuri, Fort Cochin, Valamboor, Calcutta and Thrissur. For a period of seven years from 1967, he was the organizing secretary of Kolenchery Medical Mission Hospital. He also served as the Chief organizer of the North Indian mission at Bhilai in 1970's and as the secretary of the 'Pourasthaya Suvishesha Samajam' in 1974. He was well known as a great revivalist preacher and was also recognized as an excellent organizer.

In January 1974, Fr. C M Thomas was elected to the episcopate by the Malankara Jacobite Syrian Christian Association convened at the Karingachira St. George Church and was consecrated Metropolitan with the title 'Mor Dionysius' by H.H. Mor Ignatius Ya`qub III on 24th February 1974 at Damascus, Syria. He was entrusted with the charge of Angamali diocese, the largest of all the Syrian Orthodox dioceses which has a membership of more than half a million. The untiring efforts of Mor Dionysius in those days had helped a lot to revive the confidence of not merely the faithful of the diocese, but the entire Malankara Church. Metropolitans Mor Dionysius, Mor Gregorios Geevarghese (late) and Mor Koorilos Kuriakose (late) together were a great support to the (late) Catholicos Aboon Mor Baselios Paulose II, the then Chief of the Malankara Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church. As the Metropolitan of Angamali Mor Dionysius had successfully initiated many welfare programs and also reorganized the diocesan administration. In 1978 Mor Baselios Medical Mission Hospital at Kothamangalam was started under his patron-ship.


Catholicos-designate

Following the demise of Mor Baselios Paulose II in 1996, Mor Gregorios Geevarghese (Perumpally Thirumeni) become the President of the Episcopal Synod of the Church in India. After the passing away of Mor Gregorios Geevarghese in February 1999, Mor Dionysius assumed the Presidency of the Malankara Church Synod. On 27th December 2000, His Excellency was chosen as the Catholicos-designate by the Holy Episcopal Synod. The Church delegates meeting held at Puthencuriz on the same day, unanimously approved this decision. H.H the Patriarch, however, waited for two more years in expectation of a peaceful settlement to the longstanding dispute between the two factions of Malankara Church. But as it became clearer that the chances for reconciliation is remote because of the insincerity on the part of the opposite faction; a crucial convention was convened at Puthencuriz, Kerala on 6th July 2002 in which delegates from all the parishes participated and they approved a new constitution for the effective administration of the Indian Church, with the consent of the supreme head, the Patriarch of Antioch & all the East. H.E. Mor Dionysius Thomas was elected as the Catholicos and the Metropolitan Trustee of the Jacobite Syrian Christian Church at this historic Church Association. The election was later ratified by the Holy Episcopal Synod of the Universal Syrian Orthodox Church on 22nd July 2002.


Catholicos Enthronement

On Friday the 26th July 2002, His Holiness Moran Mor Ignatius Zakka I Iwas the Patriarch of Antioch & all the East, consecrated the 73-year old Mor Dionysius Thomas as the CATHOLICOS with the title 'BASELIOS THOMAS I' at a solemn function held at the St. Peter & St. Paul Cathedral in Mor Ephrem Monastery, Ma`arat Sayyidnaya, near Damascus. Thus, fulfilling the wishes of multitude of faithful, the Malankara Church received a Catholicos after a gap of six years (Catholicos Mor Baselios Paulose II died in 1996). In the Syrian Orthodox Church hierarchy, the Catholicos is second in rank to the supreme spiritual head, the Patriarch of Antioch.

Fourteen Syrian Orthodox Bishops, from India, Syria, Sweden, Netherlands, Germany, Lebanon, Jerusalem, Turkey and Australia attended the enthronement ceremony as the co-celebrants. Thirty five Rambans, many Nuns of the Church and lay people were also present on the occasion to participate in the historical ceremony. Representatives from Government of Syria & India attended the consecration ceremony as special guests. The consecration ceremony started with the celebration of Holy Qurbono at 8 AM by His Holiness the Patriarch, followed by enthronement ceremony, signing of 'SUSTHATHIKON' (Agreement) and 'OKSIOS' (Rising and Declaration). The ceremonial Services ended with the completion of the Holy Qurbono by the newly consecrated Catholicos.

On 31st July 2002, the Sunthroniso of Catholicos Aboon Mor Baselios Thomas I Bava was held at the Kothamangalam Marthoma Cheriapally where the sacred tomb of Maphryono Mor Baselios Yeldho is situated. H.E. Mor Julius Kuriakose, the first secretary to the Patriarch of Antioch read the Susthathicon, the Patriarchal Bull, proclaiming the enthronement of the new Catholicos for the Church in India. The function was attended by all the Metropolitans of the Malankara Church, hundreds of priests and very large number of laymen who came from all parts of Malankara.

As the head of the Church in India the Catholicos presides over the Holy Episcopal Synod of Malankara Church which includes all the Metropolitans of the Syrian Orthodox Church in India. His Beatitude is also the Metropolitan Trustee of the Jacobite Syrian Christian Association.


Catholicate Office

The Catholicate office of His Beatitude Baselios Thomas I functions at the Mor Ignatius Zakka I centre in Puthencuriz near Kochi, which is also the headquarters of the Syrian Orthodox Church in India. His Beatitude resides at Mor Ignatius Seminary at Kothamangalam in Kochi district.

Catholicate Office: Patriarch Ignatius Zakka I Iwas Centre (Patriarchal centre) Puthencuriz - 682 308 Ernakulam, Kerala, INDIA. Tel: 0484 - 2732804 Fax: 0484 - 2732804


[edit] Sources

Steliasiii 18:15, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Epithumetikon

One of Plato's political divisions isomorphically present in the individual or soul, 'epithumetikon' translates roughly as desire.


[edit] Sources

Roochnik, David. Beautiful city The Dialectical Character of Platos Republic. US: Cornell University Press, 2003. page 12.


212.84.122.176 18:21, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] PlateWire

PlateWire is a virtual community formed by anonymous automobile drivers who report other drivers using their license plate. Platewire was started in the hopes that its size would someday induce drivers to be more accountable for their actions and avoid appearing on the site for fear of social stigma.

[edit] Sources

72.196.217.62 18:31, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] paranymph

1. At a wedding: a bridesmaid or best man. Also fig. In quot. a1538, perh.: a person who ‘gives away’ a bride. a1538 A. ABELL Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 27v, He institute that ane man mycht nocht haif ane wife lauchfullie bot gif sche wer..solempnitlie offerit be hir frendis & kepit be hir paranymph. 1602 W. WATSON Decacordon 204 Our blessed Ladies paranimphe Saint Gabriell. 1671 MILTON Samson Agonistes 1020 Thy Paranymph, worthless to thee compar'd. 1766 A. NICOL Poems I. 29 She needs no paranymphs to dress. 1771 E. GRIFFITH Hist. Lady Barton II. 274, I hope she is by this time Lady Creswell, and that my sweet little Harriet had the pleasure and honour of being her paranymph. 1829 R. SOUTHEY All for Love IV. xx, The Bride and Bridegroom side by side, The Paranymphs in festal pride Arranged on either hand. 1863 Q. Rev. 114 530 The paranymphs of the bridal [of Mary Stuart] were to be the fiends of war. 1908 Daily Chron. 6 July 4/4 Joining hands with the officiating clergy and paranymph, or best man, they parade round the table three times. The paranymph, a very important person in Greek marriage, may be a woman. 1922 J. JOYCE Ulysses 375 Juveniles amatory whom the odoriferous flambeaus of the paranymphs have escorted to the quadrupedal proscenium of connubial communion.

2. An advocate; a spokesperson or orator who speaks on behalf of someone else. Now hist. and rare. 1572 W. HOLME Fall & Evill Successe Rebellion sig. Hiv, They were paranymphes to Bygots insurrection. 1593 G. HARVEY Pierces Supererog. sig. ***2, I would..it had bene your fortune to haue encountred some other Paranymphes, then such, as you are now to discipline. 1643 J. TRAPP Comm. Gen. xxiv. 35 Ministers, Christs Paranymphs, must likewise wo for Christ. a1693 Urquhart's Rabelais III. xli. 341 To supply the place of a Paranymph, Braul broker, Proxenete or Mediator. a1722 A. PENNECUIK Wks. (1815) 368 Yet for all that splendid show, you be But paranymphs of vice and luxury. 1993 Stud. Eng. Lit. 33 61 The nobleman first uses his manservant ‘P.’ as a paranymph, and then eventually confronts Mercy in person.

{dag}paranymphal a., (perh.) nuptial. 1639 J. FORD Ladies Triall III. sig. E4, Saying grace, As at Some *paranymphall feast.

[edit] Sources

Oxford English Dictionary 132.198.153.132 18:34, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] A. S. Cobb & ASC Me PR

A. S. Cobb is a freelance journalist, publicist, marketing manager and more.

A. S. Cobb founded Brown Recluse Entertainment Ventures in 1997 before leaving the rural outskirts of Houston, TX for Sunny Los Angeles, CA. While in Los Angeles, he attended the Art Institute of Los Angeles in Santa Monica, where he learned video production. Simultaneously, Cobb, worked on his own public access cable show called Hip Hop Non Stop (Phaze I).

His cable shows featured mainly local Los Angeles talent found from various locations. The very first show was a premonition of big things to come. Word spread up to the Bay Area where Misbehavin', an up and coming rap duo, heard the news and after a short plane ride, landed in LA for the Pilot episode. Sharing the spotlight was local LA rapper Devious, a young lady who made opponents cower when battling freestyle. G-Style aka Gary, one of Cobb's Co-workers at the Crowne Plaza hotel, showed up to put his stank on the show.

Brown Recluse Entertainment Ventures also produced shows such as TKO (Talent Knock Out) in Inglewood, CA at Coley's Caribbean. The shows included the like of Miss Nina Renee Frances and up and coming actress and model, members of the Beverly Hills Trio, Omega 7 and Rob Lee and Greg Scott, who make up Beyond Quality Entertainment.

This event paved the way for Cobb to be summoned to other projects. The African Diaspora Foundation hired him to produce a string of fundraisers for their organization. It was at that time, old Art Institute classmate Alex Cortez came aboard to help with logistics and talent.

Cobb hosted the shows he produced most times. This garnered him attention from local producers who asked him to be a part of their comedy showcases. So, he took a break from being the boss and served an adoring public with laughter as her regaled them with truthful, yet humorous tales of his past at places such as the Comedy Union in Los Angeles.

Not completely fulfilled, he stumbled upon Poet's Jazz House (PJH), a beatnik style poetry house with so much more. After a few months of observing and performing, Cobb was asked by the producer, the lovely Ms. Tuesday Conner, fashion designer to Chaka Khan and other celebs, to host the show. He did until he moved to the Bay Area.

Cobb has teamed up with LA Fashion Icons, Kimiko Whitted of Kimiko by Design and Niche (Nikki) Martin of Niche Designs for the 2005 hit Bubble Up for Spring '06 Fashion Show & Bazaar. This event featured a talent show, live entertainment and vendor booths, which included the works of designer Kevin James, Charlene aka Cookies by Me, Dawn Knight, CEO of Knightlife Entertainment and publishing. Knight is also author of the critically acclaimed fiction novel Kismet...available on Amazon, and others.

Currently Cobb services the Bay Area of California as well as Los Angeles with his boutique marketing firm called ASC Me PR. ASC Me PR was born from the many previous undertakings that required a great deal of PR, logistics and eventually culminated in him being on stage. Having many friends involved in similar industries and activities, Cobb found himself swimming in assignments he cordially accepted to help someone out. Most of these "favors" required him doing what he does best...communicate, promote, and create. Cobb helped design and implement marketing strategies for friends and family in entertainment, food service and real estate.

Now in Hayward, California Cobb has found himself back in school pursuing a degree in Business Administration and Marketing. Meanwhile, with a proven track record for success, he keeps busy building websites, marketing research, publicity and other related tasks.

Among Cobb and ASC Me PR's clients are: Charles Drew Realty, Overdue Exposure Magazine, Artisan Tatin Catering, recording artists Candis, Scipio, LBS Design and planning, Ephesians COGIC, Kimiko by Design, Niche Designs, NOIZ Imaging, Blu Leaf Clothing and Blu Foundation (deadbeats), to name a few. A. S. Cobb 17:21, 9 September 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Sources

The Source Magazine, Vibe Magazine, Goddessgab.com, OverdueExposure Magazine, Overdue Exposure Mag.com 24.4.175.139 18:51, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] John Duncan (painter)

John McKirdy Duncan (1866-1945) was born and educated in Dundee, Scotland. After a few years working as an illustrator in London, he worked and studied art in Antwerp and Germany before returning to Edinburgh, Scotland in 1892.

He became one of the key artists in the Symbolist movement as well as the Celtic Revival movement, creating such memorable paintings as:

The Taking of Excalibur 1897

Hymn to the Rose 1907

The Riders of the Sidhe 1911

The Taking of Bride 1912

St Columba Bidding Farewell to the White Horse 1925

He sought to reinvent and re-present Celtic imagery through borrowing subjects from myths, legends and decorative devices from early Celtic art.

[edit] Sources

http://www.nationalgalleries.org/collections/artist_search.php?searchMode=1&artistId=3210&initial=D&artistName=John%20Duncan

http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/nq/resources/RSAscottishart/artistbios/duncanj.asp


63.148.235.6 18:56, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Esio

Esio (pronounced Ĕs-ē-ō) is a consumer hot and cold beverage system that prepares single serve, any size, coffee, tea, juice, vitamin fitness water beverages for the home or office. The Esio utilizes a patented technology in the system that works with the special proprietary “pump” on one end of each beverage package called an Esio-Pak. The system also allows you to select the strength and choice of your hot or cold beverage and each Esio-Pak will dispense 14-18 servings of each product selected. The Esio Beverage System was developed by Esio Beverage Company LLC., and can be used with bottled water or “plumbed” directly into your waterline or existing R/O system. The Esio will be available in the United States from local home and office delivery companies in the first quarter of 2007. www.esiobev.com

Technology The Esio utilizes exclusive beverage paks called Esio-Paks which are produced and distributed by Esio Beverage Company. Each has a special “pump” on one end and allows the end user to easily drop it into the Esio. Once inserted into the system, the user presses either the hot or cold button, and the beverage is dispensed instantly. There is zero brewing or mixing time, because the water and beverage product are actually mixed in mid-air as the cup or glass is filled. The “interchangeable” Esio-Paks are as easy to change as a CD. There is NO cross-contamination when changing between Esio-Paks because it seals airtight between uses and it is completely disposable and eco-friendly. A unique feature of the Esio is the Strength Selector Dial. At the top of the Esio is a dial that allows the user to select the strength of his/her beverage. This feature provides ultimate convenience as each user can select the strength of his/her individual beverage. In the center of the strength selector is a child protection “lock-out” button to prevent injury to small children.

Beverages There is a wide range of Esio Beverage products. http://www.esiobev.com/esio-products.htm

Current Beverage Products - Premium Blend Coffee Dark Roast Decaf Coffee Peach Tea Green Tea Diet Cranberry Juice Vitamin Fitness Water (Mixed Berry)

FUTURE Beverage Products 100% Colombian Arabica Coffee - Medium Roast - Medium Roast DECAF - Dark Roast - Hazelnut - French Vanilla

Tea Products - Black Tea - Green Tea - White Tea - Red Tea - Chai Tea Flavors - Lemon - Blueberry - Orange Mango - Pear - Passion fruit - Banana - Black Raspberry - Cherry - Cinnamon - Coconut - Cranberry - Grape - Honey - Lime - Peach - Peppermint - Pineapple - Punch - Strawberry - Tangerine - Vanilla – Almond

Sports Drinks- Vitamin Fitness Water FLAVORS - Valencia Orange - Melon - Peach - Grape - Kiwi Strawberry - Mango - Black Cherry - Lemon-Lime - Fruit Punch - Watermelon Cold Specialty Beverages - Lemonade - Orange-ade - Grape-ade - Fruit Punch - Arnold Palmer Hot Specialty Beverages - Hot Chocolate - Mocha - Apple Cider

[edit] Sources

cooler innovation magazine - November 2006 - www.coolerinnovation.com

Zenith International Publishing - www.zipublishing.com

O Premium Waters - www.owaters.com

Esio - www.esiobev.com


Esiobev05 19:12, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] David Gazarov (Pianist & Composer)

David Gazarov (Biography) Born May 19th 1965 in Baku (Capital City of Azerbaijan), David started his classical piano lessons when he was four. Besides classical music, American jazz was always taking a very important place in David’s life. A significant influence on his early musical taste and education in jazz field had been made by his Father, Eduard Gazarov, who's Jazz Big-Band rehearsals David attended almost every day while investing much of his time into perfecting his classical piano skills and taking lessons from his classical piano professor Elmira Nazirova. After graduating from Music College and entering Conservatory of Music in Baku, David moves to Moscow (1989), continues his studies and graduates from Moscow Music Academy of Gnesins. While he was still a student he had become the laureate of Trans-Caucasian competition for classical music as well as of The First All-Russian Jazz-Musicians’ Competition and The International Competition of Jazz-Pianists in Poland. In 1991 Gazarov signs his first international recording contract with “Anima Records” German recording company. David moves to Munich, the city that has become his second home. Between the beginning of the nineties and today, David was living an active life of a performing artist, being engaged as a soloist, but also very often as a sidemen in various formations. Today David Gazarov can proudly count among the colleagues he played with, celebrated musicians like N.H.ø.P., Bobby Durham, Chuck Israels, Roberta Gambarini, Ryo Kawasaki, Johnny Griffin, Keith Copeland, Charly Antolini, Buddy De Franco, William Galison, Martin Drew, Bill Goodwin, Jimmy Woode, and many others. Solo performances on a number of big stages - Semper Opera in Dresden (Germany), Congress Hall in Graz (Austria), Hercules Sal & Gasteig in Munich (Germany), Chajkovski Concert Hall in Moscow (Russia), Montreux Jazz Festival (Switzerland), Jazz-Open in Stuttgart (Germany) – have greatly contributed to David Gazarov’s career development. During the past few years David has been working on a number of crossover projects with some outstanding classical musicians and orchestras. He was composing, arranging, recording and performing live with Bamberg Symphonic Big-Band, Dresden Philharmonic Orchestra, The Great Orchestra Of The City Of Graz, Symphonic Orchestra Of Bavarian Radio (BR), as well as with Karl-Heinz Steffens and Stefan Vladar. Working in crossover field has resulted in David Gazarov’s concert performing at highly regarded international classical music festivals such as: Mozart Music Fest in Wuerzburg (1997,1998,2000), International Chamber Music Fest in Jerusalem (2004), Wagner Music Fest in Bayreuth (1998, 2000) and Schleswig-Holstein Music Fest (2004, 2005). Besides all that, in the past years David Gazarov has recorded a number of CD’s under his own name, not to mention a frequent participation in the recording sessions of his colleagues. David’s albums were recorded and published, among other labels by: “ANIMA”(Germany), “DENON”(International), E-M-S (International), TUXEDO RECORDS – “Episode”(U.S.), TUDOR (Switzerland), SKIP RECORDS (Germany). Today David Gazarov is frequently touring with “mixed concert-program”, playing music of great classical composers, like Beethoven and Chopin, in the first half of his concert, and jazz and crossover compositions of his own, as well as paraphrases of jazz-standards, in the second part of the performance. [1]

[edit] Sources

www.davidgazarov.de

89.172.42.42 19:29, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] First Choice (Group) Canada

FirstChoice (Group) Canada is internationally recognized for procurement outsourcing and management services that covers the entire spectrum of Oilfield & Industrial materials and equipment. We provide procurement outsourcing and materials management services for the entire petroleum industry. From the supply of pipe, valves fittings and instrumentation to the provision of procurement specialists and material management consulting, FirstChoice (Group) Canada is your "one stop shop" procurement headquarters."

FirstChoice (Group) Canada is in the business of managing all levels of procurement services as well as providing oilfield supplies to support petroleum drilling, construction, refining, and production operations. As an oilfield supplier, FirstChoice (Group) Canada is your competitive alternative to the major supply houses.

For materials, FirstChoice (Group) Canada enjoys an overall advantage due to our lower overhead, operating efficiencies and our supplier/manufacturer relationships. The fact that we are a "reseller" allows manufacturers to quote FirstChoice (Group) Canada discount prices no higher, and in some cases quite lower, than our competitors. Lower overhead allows us to quote our client a lower net cost.

First Choice specializes in the following industries:

  • Oil & Gas Industry
  • Ship Repair & Construction Industry
  • Electrical / Mechanical Industry
  • Cement / Petrochemical / Chemical / Steel Plants
  • Railway Manufacturing
  • Aerospace Industry
  • Transportation Industry
  • Power Generation
  • Transmission and Distribution
  • Environment
  • Plastics & Rubber Industry
  • Aftermarket Exporters


[edit] Sources

http://www.firstchoicecanada.ca/

[2]

Wongj9 20:18, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Michael

This request for creation has been reviewed. The result is below.
If your request was declined and you want to make changes and try again, copy and paste your article into a new submission and make your changes there.

a froheaded person

  • Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you. Harryboyles 06:35, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Ordinary Peoples

Ordinary Peoples continues to evolve into one of the most distinctive hip-hop voices to originate from the mid-west scene. On their 4th LP, "Cause and Effect", the band refines the styles absorbed from time spent in their centric location to take the listener through a series of musical foundations. Northern-underground, east coast grit, west coast g-funk, and southern gospel are all represented, giving the album variety while still remaining cohesive. OP produces in the studio the same blend between live instruments and rhymes that they've generated for years on stage, but couldn't fully capture on tape.

Following 2003's "Urban Sprawl", "Cause and Effect" is more mature and personal; many of the songs depict experiences, thoughts, and occurrences that are obviously part of the band's daily lives. The group is not afraid to reveal their inner thoughts and struggles, ranging from the state of the world and hip-hop to girl trouble. On "How It's Goin' Down" and "Cause and Effect", Scraps shows off his ability for creative wordplay by rattling off scenarios that unfold the song's overall concept. "Brainwashed" and "Gas for Free" are more thought-provoking politically charged tracks which inspect and magnify current events.

The album features several guest appearances: guitar work by long-time collaborator Jerry DePizzo O.A.R. provides depth while layers of turntables and horns spice up the beats further. The band passes the mic to acoustic baritone rhymer "Toothpick" (formerly of Bad Ronald) on the radio-friendly "Change My Luck", a song about hitting the reset button on a relationship. On "Nasty Girl" OP details sexcapade fantasies, passing the mic on a verse to the playful flow of ColumbusOhio emcee B. Yonest.

Breaking down from a 7-piece organic funk outfit to an electronically driven trio in 2002, "...really helped focus our songwriting and let us get into other areas we wanted to explore like sampling and loops," says drummer/producer Gerard Garrelts. Another result of the change was to bring Ben Levels to the forefront, highlighting his talents on the keyboard (playing bass and Rhodes/piano lines simultaneously) as well as his soulful vocal style. The band's successful live show has put them on stage with hip-hop notables Kanye West, Talib Kweli, The Pharcyde, Wyclef Jean, and The Roots.

The band has also been picked up by acclaimed booking agency Variety Artists International.

and management company Kaplan Artists Group contact Chas Kaplan chas@kaplanartistsgroup.com

[edit] Sources

http://www.ordinarypeoples.com http://www.myspace.com/ordinarypeoples http://www.ofarevolution.com http://www.kaplanartistsgroup.com 65.24.112.214 20:24, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Boochika

Instrumentation Eugene Wong (electric guitar & vocals) Juan Cirilli (bass guitar) Sepehr Noroozi (drums)

Biography Boochika's somewhat minimalistic approach to making music has allowed them to gain an above average feel for their instruments. There are literally no outside effects in their music except for one guitar distortion pedal. So, you may be asking "What sets them apart from other bands?" Check out one of their live shows and you will know. The band's natural sound offers the listener something completely different from the mainstream music we all hear today. Boochika jams obsessively to ensure the quality of their music is on a constant rise.

Boochika is fairly new to the Toronto music scene, but have already performed at notable venues like Horseshoe Tavern, Lee's Palace and Kathedral. The band is looking to expand their resume, getting as many gigs as possible in the Greater Toronto Area.

[edit] Sources

www.myspace.com/boochika

http://www.sonicbids.com/epk/epk.asp?epk_id=67327&poll_id=&skin_id=&lv=1

http://www.nowtoronto.com/issues/2006-01-19/music_clubs.php

http://interactives.alxnet.com/cgi-bin/slither/Driver.py/InterActives/Guestbook/Guestbook.render?guestbook_id=35549

Wongj9 20:42, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Carl_Maughan

== This person is very camp or even gay. ==

[edit] FUZHOU (CHANGLE) INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (FOC)

FUZHOU (CHANGLE) INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Iata Airport Code: FOC

Location: Fuzhou Changle International Airport is situated in the southeast of Zhanggang County, near Changle City, about 55 km (about 34.2 miles) to the centre of Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian Province, PRC. The completion of construction of a new multi-lane highway will cut the present journey time from the aiport to Fuzhou City from about 1 hour to less than 30 minutes.

Intro: Fuzhou Changle International Airport is a modern airport built to reflect the growing commercial importance of this part of Southeast China. The airport has a main concrete runway (03/21) of 3,609 meters, and a modern five storey Terminal Building. Over 60 routes are served to more than 40 domestic and international cities including Hong Kong and Kuala Lumpur. The majority of long-haul links tend to be via the hubs of Hong Kong (HKG), Shanghai Pudong (PVG) or, less commonly, Shanghai Hongqiao (SHA) all of which are ca 1 hours direct flying time from Fuzhou.

The T-shaped terminal facility covers circa 137,000 square meters. It was designed to handle 6.5 million passengers per year, with the peak hour handling capacity of 3000. For the first phase, the design capacity was 3.5 million passenger movements with 8 air-bridges having been constructed and in use.

Inbound and outbound passengers are diverted to different stories; international and domestic passengers segregated. The functions of the five-story building are: mechanical and electronic equipment is located in both the basement and Floor 4. Floor 1 is for arrivals, where Quarantine Inspection, Immigration, baggage claim area, Customs and hall areas are set up; services such as public telephones, dining facilities, travel agency, and accommodation for transit passengers are provided. Floor 2 is for departure. There are customs inspection, ticketing, immigration, security zone and hall area.

Details: IATA Airport Code: FOC Latitude: 25°56'06"N Longitude: 119°39'48"E Elevation: 14m Timezone: GMT +8 Runways: 1 Construction: Concrete Dimensions: 3609m × 46m

[edit] Sources

http://www.xiafz.com.cn/en/fuwu.htm http://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/fujian/fuzhou/airport.htm http://worldaerodata.com/wad.cgi?id=CH00010&sch=ZSFZ

86.133.55.35 21:00, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Titans

[edit] Titans

In the MMORPG Eve Online, Titans are behemoths designed to wipe out entire fleets. Armed with either capital turrets, launchers, or both, their most deadly weapons is not these fearsome powers, but it's a gargantuan Doomsday weapon capable of dishing out enough damage to destroy an entire fleet of battleships - a dreadnought of a weapon, to be concise. Their thick armor and extremely powerful armnament make them a very, very cherished ship in the Eve Universe.

The only titan known to be created is from Ascendant Frontier, an Amarrian Avatar. It has 6 capital turret hardpoints and can fit the Doomsday weapon "Judgement," although its primary purpose is to serve as a massive support platform for massive-scale battles.

The Judgement doomsday device was activated during a skirmish with the Band of Brothers Alliance.

Titans:

  • Leviathan (Caldari)


Their offensive capabilities are as follows:

-Avatar: 6 turret slots and a doomsday mount.

-Ragnarok: 6 turret slots, 2 launchers, and a doomsday mount.

-Leviathan: 7 launcher slots, and a doomsday mount.

-Erebus: 6 turret slots, and a doomsday mount.


172.147.47.176 21:01, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Diverse Kingdom

Diverse Kingdom is a MMORPG that is currently in the developmental stage.

[edit] Sources

Madmandude 21:01, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] EnenKio

THANKS INTERNET TRUTH FACTS UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LIES FRAUD DISINFORMATION EXPOSED TO WORLDS NATIONS (Prove it ) . . . HAWAIIAN ENENKIO NATIONS

From: enenkio@webtv.net (ROBERT MOORE M P) Robert Moore, Minister Plenipotentiary, Kingdom of EnenKio Foreign Trade Mission DO-MO-CO Manager, Remios Hermios Eleemosynary Trust, Majuro, Marshall Islands http://www.enenkio.org From: enenkio@webtv.net (ROBERT MOORE M P) WWW.ENENKIO.ORG ENENKIO BY STATE DEPT. OVER ??/ posted by ROBERT MOORE M P: - Present Status - EnenKio is a sovereign state The government of the Kingdom of EnenKio was established in 1994 under authority and by direction of Head of State and the hereditary Iroijlaplap (Paramount Chief) of the Northern Ratak atolls of the Marshall Islands. The Constitution of EnenKio established and set forth the authority and responsibility of the government and established duties and succession protocol of the Monarch and Royal Family. EnenKio is a Limited Constitutional Monarchy. Representative citizens, acting as Founding Fathers, ratified the Constitution, recognized His Majesty King Murjel Hermios as Head of State, affirmed their resolve in the Declaration of Sovereignty and determined the boundaries of the new Kingdom of EnenKio. Notice that EnenKio was a new sovereign state was sent to representatives of the Republic of the Marshall islands, United States, United Nations General Assembly, UN Security Council, South Pacific Commission, NATO, world media, Pacific Island nations and other nations. Legal action was then taken to set forth the claim against the foreign occupational forces of the United States, which failed to ever answer any actions and now stands in default with respect to demands for compensation and for illegally occupying of the king's ancestral lands. The effect of legal demands filed in U.S. federal court, unanswered complaints and failure to reply now have the force of law in commerce, under national and international laws and conventions. EnenKio is an "offshore haven for criminals and money launderers" Actually, the United States did reply — not directly to EnenKio, but with an insidious merciless campaign of disinformation broadly dispersed across the Internet and to its trading partners. One glaring example is a U.S. Department of State Report which compares EnenKio to the likes of Thailand, Colombia and Russia under the topic of "Money Laundering and Financial Crimes". This official report — International Narcotics Control Strategy, 1998 — categorizes EnenKio as an Offshore Financial Center. This is a curious label as EnenKio has no bank, no financial center and no money to launder. It goes on to refer to another state and "Enenkio" (sic) as "...mere figments of fertile imaginations...", and as "...entirely fraudulent in intent and practice." The United States offers NO proof nor is it known to have ever found any. In fact, in February 2001, the Securities & Exchange Commission, together with other federal agencies of the United States, concluded an exhaustive investigation that failed to turn up even one shred (or hanging chad) of evidence of impropriety — in intent or practice. EnenKio exists "only in cyberspace" Such a claim might be made for Yahoo™, Windows Magazine™ or any number of "dot.coms". Why, the United States itself claims over 25,000 web sites hosting millions of pages. Is this not a criteria for existence in cyberspace? EnenKio as a state has its roots in a 1987 document, but really, it is founded upon more than 2000 years of historical lineage preceding the ascendancy of the Hermios Marshallese family to their rightful, recognized traditional post. The EnenKio web site did not appear until 1998. It is a mystery how any reasonable person could examine the few dozens of posted documents, laws and letters — thousands of pages are not posted — and then say: EnenKio exists only in cyberspace. Today's Challenge for Tomorrow's Future Every avenue is being explored to raise capital for projects described in the development plan. Bond, stamp and shipbuilding programs have commenced. Applications are invited for passports, business licenses and ship registration. For those qualified individuals who wish to join this effort or encourage us to gain recognition among states of the first order, we have a need for Consuls and Diplomatic representatives in foreign offices, Trade Missions and other diplomatic posts. Additional human resources and people knowledgeable in international policy, diplomatic protocol, spaceport and aircraft operations, telecommunications, shipping, manufacturing, chemical engineering and a host of other disciplines will be required to design and attract development projects and implement envisioned programs. Contractual arrangements for professional consultation and services in law, finance, commerce, economics and others are being actively sought. All who have an interest and are so moved, you are encouraged to submit a Personal Involvement form. By submitting the form, you will be advised of the latest developments, provided an outline of needs and may at some point be invited to actively participate in development and promotion of EnenKio and to become a citizen of the fledgling nation. Salutation On behalf of the Second Monarch, His Majesty King Remios Hermios, His Royal Highness Crown Prince Lobadreo Hermios and all representatives and citizens of EnenKio, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs sincerely acknowledges your involvement, interest, prayers and support. See also: Political Status Under Illegal Occupation by the United States STOP BUSH CREWS LIES, FRAUD and DISINFORMATION WORLD WIDE www.enenkio.org (HAWAII & ENENKIO NATION KINGDOMS) - Government Bond Program - The EnenKio Gold Bond Program Overview The Kingdom of EnenKio has implemented distribution of government development bonds, as bearer's instruments in friendly nations, backed by gold reserves, guarantees, real property or other assets. Use of bond capital, US$200 million per atoll, is to begin developing each of 5 King's atolls in the Marshall Islands, by way of joint ventures with the Remios Hermios Eleemosynary Trust (RHET), which will provide free or subsidized services to both residents and consumers, as briefly outlined below: Atoll Infrastructure Land – Atolls to be developed are subdivided into wetos or segments radiating from a central point in the lagoon and further into plots. Each plot sold or leased is delivered with title and title insurance. Landowners receive proportional compensation for use of land developed within their weto. (Based on 10,000 units) Systems - All systems will employ affordable innovative technologies for simplicity, environmental sustainability and efficiency. The utmost care is exercised to preserve the current pristine nature of the landscape. Building systems shall make use of custom prefab wall systems, recycled materials and coconut lumber laminates made on site. Water retrieval involves numerous drilled wells and pumps linked on all islands to a circular underground distribution and processing system. Sewage systems are buried in the lagoon, have access to every island and terminate in 4 deep ocean out falls. Selective management on the basis of ocean currents and tides controls discharge of residue. Treatment is minimal accomplished primarily at points of origination using "dry" toilets and subsequent pulverization. Gray water is treated and used in agriculture. Power systems incorporate electricity, cable and phone lines bundled and accessible to every island. (Based on 20,000 units) Transportation –100 electric trucks mobilize land transport without a fee. Both high-speed surface watercraft and amphibian Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) aircraft are employed for passengers and cargo; larger craft serve inter-atoll and international needs. 5 ocean tugs and barges provide service and support, such as container off-loading and towing duties. Medical – Professional services, remedial care, emergency medical services, paramedic training and search and rescue are provided by 5 hospital ships and 5 air ambulances (VTOL aircraft). Projects Floating Hotel – A turnkey 200-suite hotel ("Embassy Suites" quality) is moored in the lagoon of the atoll where the King resides. Services include restaurants, casino, ballrooms, shopping and craft shops. The lower level provides for parking, storage, mechanical and maintenance spaces. A dock system accommodating 200 boats and yachts to 100 feet is attached. Visiting yachts receive use of an electric car, power, TV, phone cable and security for a respectable well-below-market price. The whole structure rides on the tides. Fishing Fleet – A fleet of 100 fishing boats will offload their catch at 5 shore-based processing plants, each with a different end product. Fuel Oil Production – 25 portable copra gins will produce oils, fuels and other products for consumption, power, filtration and storage, such as barrels, using existing natural raw materials. Coconut Lumber – 25 semi-portable mills will produce laminate lumber, chips and wood for construction. Harvesting older non-productive trees will require planting new-variety coconut trees on a one-for-one basis. Docks – An average of 20 floating dock systems will be placed in each of 5 lagoons., residential or business units may be attached to dock for access to land and water transports. These dock systems form central distribution points for services and are linked by intra-atoll electric transports. 5 municipal centers will facilitate access to administrative services and provide chambers for local council meetings. Communications – Wherever power is supplied, cable and lines will permit electronic data and voice access to the global community. A satellite telecommunications station for each of 5 atolls will provide around-the-clock connectivity. Bond Sample Disclaimer and Notice to Bearer (printed on the reverse face of bonds) This instrument is issued under authority of the Executive Council, by Royal Commission, Government of the Kingdom of EnenKio. Bearer, by lawful possession, agrees to and accepts all conditions, risks, provisions and terms, whether expressed or implied, that apply to acquisition, possession and redemption hereof. Bearer is advised that laws of the country in which bearer takes or negotiates possession hereof may apply to this instrument or to any subsequent transaction herewith; such laws of any said country, whether expressed or implied, shall not subject issuer to its jurisdiction thereby. All lawful exchanges hereof are considered by issuer to be "offshore transactions", as such term is generally understood in the international marketplace. Issuer does not warrant merchantability or market value hereof. Issuer does not insure this instrument or indemnify bearer hereof. Issuer keeps no record respecting identity of original purchaser. Bearer is advised to take every appropriate action necessary to protect or safeguard this instrument. Bearer is further advised that, respecting this printed instrument, the (1) actual value is negligible; (2) market value is not set or determined by issuer and may fluctuate without notice; (3) face (par) value is set as a fixed denomination of the prescribed precious metal bullion, in the measure inscribed, whereupon bearer assumes all risk as to trading or merchantable value, if any. Other conditions or terms may apply hereto without notice; bearer hereby acknowledges the responsibility to contact issuer for the most current information respecting obligations and duties of issuer, any authorized distributor or trustee of this instrument or the particulars of any program or project for which proceeds of this issue are designated. Interest – the nominal yield of this zero-coupon instrument is fixed at TEN PERCENT per annum, non-prorated, compounded and computed upon face (par) value. The Periodic Net Value (PNV) is determined only at each respective anniversary date subsequent to date of issuance affixed hereto. The chart below shows computed yield of Periodic Net Value per 100 units of par value. Each calculation of interest is rounded to TWO decimal places prior to compounding any subsequent anniversary PNV. Year Interest Rate (%) Interest per 100 units Periodic Net Value 1 10.0 10.00 110.00 2 10.0 11.00 121.00 3 10.0 12.10 133.10 4 10.0 13.31 146.41 5 10.0 14.64 161.05 Calculations: Compounded Par Value (CPV) is determined by multiplying the product of par value divided by 100, times Periodic Net Value. To find actual value, use the formula CPV x gold (Au) price. For example, if bond's par value is 300 Troy oz. gold, CPV (year 4) is 3 x 146.41 = 439.23 Troy oz. gold. Additional Terms of Indenture This instrument matures and becomes fully redeemable by issuer at a place to be designated thereby on the FIFTH anniversary date subsequent to date of issuance affixed hereto, which date is permanently inscribed in the space provided below. No redemption prior to that date is authorized by issuer and NO interest shall be payable by issuer at any time prior to the FIFTH anniversary date hereof. Interest shall continue to accrue in the manner described above until redemption by bearer or until issuer calls for redemption of all outstanding instruments issued in the series. Bearer, by possession hereof, accepts all and full responsibility to contact issuer or obtain the most current information from issuer, or authorized agent thereof, respecting redemption policies, schedules and locations. Bearer upon redemption must surrender this instrument in marketable condition and is entitled to be paid, in units of any internationally traded currency of choice or in precious metal bullion, in the amount of Compounded Par Value, less applicable exchange fees. Payment of interest is not prorated over any interval between anniversary dates; only the accrued amount, calculated as of the anniversary date immediately prior to redemption shall be the Redemption Value upon which payment is computed. Additional terms or conditions may become applicable during the term to enhance the value hereof; however, bearer is advised that this instrument, at issuance, is not rated. Also see: National Liberation Program ----------- STOP LIES, FRAUD AND DIS-INFORMATION BY UNITED STATES, U N SHAME ? MAD AS HELL AND DOING SOMTHING ABOUT IT ! GOLD FOR SECURTY TO ENFORCE KINGDOM OF HAWAII LAW...GOLD AND OVER TWO BILLION IN AMERICAN GOLD JUDGMENTS TO STAND AS BACK UP FOR KALA.........FOR SALE TAONGI ATOLL 50 MILLION IN GOLD. We are a land trust we own aprox. 40% of RMI 11 Atolls over 300 islands. All info at http://www.enenkio.org Welcome to the EnenKio Online Network These pages, this website, the former web host (NetNation), the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio and the people loyal to the king of Eneen-Kio Atoll have been subjected to a wide assortment of deliberate disruptive actions by persons and agencies of the federal government of the United States. These attacks continue to this day. The reasons for these attacks are unknown, as EnenKio seeks only peace and the freedom to express the fundamental rights of the people of EnenKio, its monarch and the imperatives bestowed upon us by our loving Creator. This site has been restored to acquaint you with history, claims and challenges we face as a people striving for equality in a world of antagonistic nations with egocentric goals seeking to "save" (dominate) lesser nations. ENTER NOW Send questions about this site to Administrator Copyright 1995-2002 -- All Rights Reserved. Background Photo: Courtesy EnenKio Archives "Peacock Point, Wake Island" TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP AND MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE KINGDOM OF HAWAI'I AND THE KINGDOM OF ENENKIO WHEREAS, the Kingdom of EnenKio and the Kingdom of Hawai'i, equally animated with the desire of maintaining the relations of good understanding which have hitherto so happily subsisted between their respective states,

[edit] Gaspare Ambrosini

Gaspare Ambrosini Gaspare Ambrosini, Italian jurist and statesman, born in Girgenti on October 24, 1886. In 1909 Ambrosini became the youngest professor of constitutional law of his times. In 1918, acting as private assistant to aging Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Emanuele Orlando played a noted role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Versailles. Ambrosini escaped having to align himself with the ideology of fascism first by teaching colonial law and then by conducting extensive milestone studies on foreign federalism and abstract electoral systems. After the end of WWII, Ambrosini becomes a member of the Constitutional Assembly and a key participant of the 18-member committee credited with the actual drafting of the Italian Constitution He invented and introduced into the Italian Constitution the “regional state”, as an intermediary figure between the federal and the unitary states in which regions have autonomy under the constitution rather than limited original sovereign power. This type of arrangement was foreshadowed in the 1924 Cadige constitution and was fallowed in a number of subsequent constitutions including the 1978 Spanish Constitution. In 1946 Ambrosini was elected to the Italian House of Representatives where became the Chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee. In this capacity he played a key role in advocating Italy’s participation in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and providing political and academic leadership in the creation of the European Community for Steal and Coal and the European Community for Atomic Energy. With his academic assistance, these two entities were conceived along the until then unknown figure of a “super-national” international entity with limited but own sovereign powers. This idea was at the foundation of the subsequent process of integration leading first to the European Economic Communities and then to the European Union. He also championed and justified the Italian international protectorate over Ethiopia which ended at the end of 1959. In 1955 Ambrosini was elected by Parliament as a Justice of the Constitutional Court of which he became the Chief Justice in 1962 holding that position until the end of 1967. He is credited with watershed constitutional decisions which asserted the primacy of the Italian Constitution not only over the laws adopted by the democratic Parliament but also in respect of those passed during the preceding fascist period; as well as the primacy of European law over Italian law. In this latter respect the Italian Constitutional Court opened a paved the path soon followed by the German Constitutional Court and many years later by other European member of the EEC leading to primacy of European law over the law of any member states. Until his death Ambrosini chaired a government institution which meticulously documented all Italian activities in Africa. He died in Rome in 1986, less than three months away from his 100th birthday leaving behind a rich legacy of more than 50 treaties and books on Italian and comparative constitutional law, international law, history of institutions of government and African studies. At the age of 96, he wrote and published his last treaty comparing the Italian constitution to the principles of the French revolution and the American independence. Having maintained his university tenure for over half a century, he shaped the thinking of three generations of Italian jurists. One of Rome’s square has been dedicated to him.


[edit] Sources

3 volume set "Studi in onore of Gaspare Ambrosini" 1980; G. Ambrosini La Constitutione Italiana oltre i principi della rivolozion francese and l'indipendenza amaricana 1981; La Proporzionale 1946; L'ordinamento regionale - La riforma regionale nella Costituzione italiana" (1957) Discorsi Parlamentari; Il Federalista Guglielmo Negri : Gaspare Ambrosini


41.241.7.83 21:30, 1 November 2006 (UTC) TRUTH FACTS A M E R I C A = - News Archives -


PREVIOUS NEWS RELEASES AND ANNOUNCEMENTS July 28, 1999: Replies to Asia Times July 22, 1999: News Release - Gold Bonds June 4, 1999: Replies to Published Articles June 3, 1999: Replies to Published Articles June 2, 1999: Replies to Published Articles June 1, 1999: News Release, Reply to RMI, Part 1 June 1, 1999: News Release, Reply to RMI Part 2 March 16, 1999: News Release, Selection of Second Monarch March 1999 -- MoFA Comments on "State of War" December 19, 1998: News Release, Death of First Monarch July 14, 1998: Communiqué, Replies to False Claims May 4, 1997: News Release, Gold Stamps March 31, 1997: News Release, Declaration of existence of a virtual "State of War" February 6, 1995: News Release, Setting the Record Straight November 21, 1994: News Release, Declaration of Claim & Demand for Payment

RETURN TO NEWS


Previous News Releases and Announcements

Their statements are set forth in italicized orange type; our replies are in black type.

June 4, 1999- Sirs: The following text was located on a site written or placed by you or under your control:

"DOM is located on Karitane Island and now includes the Taongi Atoll in the Northern Atolls of the Marshall Islands in the South Pacific 1000 miles south of Tahiti. However, the Marshall Islands government has condemned the "fraudulent assertions" of two organizations, namely the DOM and sister nation, the Kingdom of EnenKio (the Marshallese name for Wake Island), claiming to represent the mid-Pacific nation amid an alleged investment scam according to an article in Agence France- Presse. The Marshall Islands foreign ministry has issued warnings to countries against acknowledging any fraudulent claims made by representatives of either nation."

"A Honolulu-based attorney created the "Kingdom of EnenKio" in the early 1990s. It was based on a power of attorney agreement with Marshall Islands paramount chief Mursel Hermios, which granted the attorney broad powers to act on his behalf. The Marshall Islands High Court has ruled the agreement invalid and ordered it nullified, which the "kingdom" has disputed." http://www.goldhaven.com/issue4/Two.htm (disconnected as of 2/1/00)

The purpose of this letter is lodge a formal request for correction of false and misleading statements made by the author regarding the Kingdom of EnenKio. While I am pleased to find you have apparently taken a serious interest in the Kingdom of EnenKio, I am aghast at how distorted, erroneous and misleading the article is. As a consequence of my service to His Majesty King Remios and the people of EnenKio, I am obligated to respond to incidents such as this. I will respectfully offer the following line by line correction. For your convenience, your text will be set off (with "**") in color:

    • DOM is located on Karitane Island and now includes the Taongi Atoll in the Northern Atolls of the Marshall Islands in the South Pacific 1000 miles south of Tahiti.**

(Comment: The construction of this statement implies the Marshall Islands are in the South Pacific Ocean 1000 miles south of Tahiti, in which case a reader may be misled.) Correction: DOM is located on Karitane Island in the South Pacific, 1000 miles south of Tahiti, and now includes Taongi Atoll in the Northern Atolls of the Marshall Islands in the North Pacific.

    • However, the Marshall Islands government has condemned the "fraudulent assertions" of two organizations, ...**

(Comment: Just because the RMI government "...has condemned the 'fraudulent assertions' ...of ...EnenKio...", does that make it true? Why would you want to quote anything from a government that has been internationally criticized [and documented] time and again for fraud, abuse of human rights, outright theft and is in default on almost every financial obligation it has ever made? What purpose do you propose to serve by attacking a concerned group of dedicated people fighting for the very lives of Marshallese natives who have been overrun by foreign invaders, bathed in radiation from nuclear fallout and abused by their own corrupt government?)

    • ...namely the DOM and sister nation, the Kingdom of EnenKio (the Marshallese name for Wake Island),...**

(Comment: Nothing could be further from the truth. we cannot speak for DOM, but as for the Kingdom, we don't even know what being a "sister nation" means and for you to make this categorically false statement is not only a blatant sign of ignorance of the state of EnenKio, it is a deceptive intrusion upon the sovereign, His Majesty King Remios, the sovereign of EnenKio and Eneen-Kio Atoll, and an inexplicable and irresponsible abuse of journalism. Doesn't anybody check sources anymore?) Correction: The Kingdom of EnenKio is an independent sovereign state and the same could be said for DOM.

    • ...claiming to represent the mid-Pacific nation amid an alleged investment scam according to an article in Agence France- Presse.**

(Comment: The government of the Kingdom of EnenKio represents the people of EnenKio, who are forced to live in exile from Eneen-Kio Atoll, lands and seas that played a significant role in Marshallese culture for perhaps 2000 years. Furthermore, "...an article in Agence France-Presse" has no merit as it was authored by a source in the Marshall Islands government. My preceding comments apply. The Kingdom of EnenKio is not now and never has been engaged in an "...investment scam...". We have tried for many years to attract qualified investors and funding sources for programs that will not only benefit the people of EnenKio, but also will positively impact people around the globe. In fact, we are currently working with a former NASA Astronaut. One tool scammers have in their arsenal is to discredit visionary programs of legitimate entities so they can feed on carcasses of the ignorant. Many journalists use the same technique to sell their stories on sensationalism. Doesn't anybody check sources anymore?)

    • The Marshall Islands foreign ministry has issued warnings to countries against acknowledging any fraudulent claims made by representatives of either nation.**

(Comment: The Kingdom of EnenKio has made no "fraudulent claims" of which I am aware, and in my post, I am responsible for all published information. I would personally caution any "..countries against acknowledging any fraudulent claims made by representatives of..." nations, companies or publications if I had credible proof to that effect. However, my preceding comments apply as to credibility of any RMI ministry source. Furthermore, the RMI has repeatedly attacked the credibility of His Majesty King Hermios, who happens to be the ancestral sovereign owner under Marshallese custom of over 1/3 of the land in the Marshall Islands, including recent attempts to sequester him against his will. We believe some officials in the RMI are afraid of what will happen to them if honesty and integrity returns to the administration of lands and programs to assist the people with their pressing needs and they no longer have their hands on the till. To perpetrate their jaundiced agenda is an irresponsible abuse of journalism.)

    • A Honolulu-based attorney created the "Kingdom of EnenKio" in the early 1990s.**

(Comment: Mr. Moore is not an Attorney, though he was living in Honolulu in the early 1990s.) Correction: The Kingdom of EnenKio was established by decree of the owner of Eneen-Kio Atoll [a.k.a. Enen-kio, Halcyon, Disclerta, Wake and 6-8 other names], Iroijlaplap Murjel Hermios, who then was Paramount Chief of the Northern Ratak atolls [he passed away in December 1998] and was fully recognized by the RMI government. He declared the sovereign state of EnenKio in 1994, whereupon the people chose him as their King over Eneen-Kio Atoll, ratified the Constitution and established government as a limited constitutional monarchy.

    • It was based on a power of attorney agreement with Marshall Islands paramount chief Mursel (sic) Hermios, which granted the attorney broad powers to act on his behalf.**

Correction: The establishment of the Kingdom of EnenKio was made possible by Murjel's appointment of Mr. Robert Moore, the adopted brother of Hermios, Alab of Taongi Atoll and a private citizen, to the post of Minister Plenipotentiary. The document of appointment was also a Special Power of Attorney which granted Mr. Moore very specific instructions to do whatever was possible to expel the United States from Eneen-Kio Atoll and establish an independent state on Hermios' and the people's behalf.

    • The Marshall Islands High Court has ruled the agreement invalid and ordered it nullified, which the "kingdom" has disputed.**

(Comment: Since when is a Special Power of Attorney an "agreement"? The Marshall Islands High Court has no record or knowledge of the Special Power of Attorney, except as has been publicized by the Kingdom of EnenKio, and certainly exercises no jurisdiction over Eneen-Kio Atoll, which lies over 100 miles north of lawful RMI boundaries. The RMI has no political or territorial jurisdiction over the islands and seas of Eneen-Kio Atoll because the atoll, by any name you choose, was not incorporated into the RMI when it formed its government in 1979, nor was it subsequently incorporated by any act, law, mandate or otherwise of any present or former Iroijlaplap or Monarch of Eneen-Kio and any statement to the contrary is false, fraudulent and irresponsible.)

Finally, I suggest you, as a journalist or publisher, do a little more research, not only into establishment and development of the Kingdom of EnenKio, but into the prehistoric history and more recent U.S. invasion of Eneen-Kio Atoll, properly named by 'Marshallese' centuries before arrival of colonial western powers and missionaries. Then I invite you to our Embassy in Honolulu to review the public files and documents mentioned above, all of which exist in hard copy (not in 'cyberspace') and most of which are referenced or published at our official web site. Be sure to view the documents at our Resource Center which show, in many cases, full-color digitized letters of correspondence with the 59 or so states in the world, many of which are first world. In closing, I would simply appeal to your presumed sense of morality and ethics and request the referenced article be amended or corrected and , if corrected elsewhere, that a link be provided to the relevant paragraph cited above in the article.

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June 3, 1999- Sir: The following report was sent to me in which the author mentions the Kingdom of EnenKio (thank you for spelling 'EnenKio' correctly. The purpose of this letter below is to lodge a formal request for correction of false and misleading statements made by the author regarding the Kingdom of EnenKio.

"Fantasy Island" -- "Melchizedek passport scam reveals how the Internet can take fraud to new frontiers" By Bertil Lintner in Bangkok, December 10, 1998: "Determined not to give up, Pedley moved his fictional nation once again, this time to Taongi atoll in the Western Pacific. According to a Melchizedek press release, posted on its home page, Taongi was leased in 1997 under a treaty with representatives of "the kingdom of EnenKio," another only-in- cyberspace country, which in this case claims the U.S.-held Wake Island. In real life, Taongi is an uninhabited atoll in the Marshall Islands." http://www.feer.com/Restricted/index_corrections.html (link to article of December 24, 1998: "Fantasy Island", disconnected as of 2/1/00)

Response to the author: I am unable to locate the "Melchizedek press release" you cited, indicating that "...Taongi was leased in 1997 under a treaty with representatives of "the kingdom of EnenKio,...". Such an act would be impossible and implausible as EnenKio has no legal authority or political jurisdiction over Taongi Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Further more, Melchizedek (DOM) is not so uninformed as to publicly advertise an illegal act in the midst of attempting to find a suitable land base for its people to administer their form of government.

The Kingdom of EnenKio did enter into a treaty with DOM on the 19th day of September, 1997, but it did not convey a lease of land. It declared a state of peace and established diplomatic recognition between our governments. However, a prior agreement, signed in May 1997, which had nothing to do with the Kingdom of EnenKio, transferred Mr. Robert Moore's rights to develop Taongi from Mr. Moore to DOM. It did not convey a lease at that time and no such document is in existence.

This was made possible because Mr. Moore is the Alab (one class of landowner) of Taongi and had a legal power of attorney pertaining to Taongi Atoll, from the principal landowner, Iroijlaplap (Paramount Chief) Murjel Hermios, who was aware of and supported the transaction. Consideration, if any, under the agreement was personally retained by Mr. Moore, who is also the adopted brother of Hermios.

Now, please understand, that while Mr. Moore was acting in the latter case on his own behalf, and that of the future use and development of Taongi, which would have generated an income to Iroijlaplap Hermios, Mr. Moore wears another hat as Minister Plenipotentiary of the Kingdom of EnenKio. Iroijlaplap Hermios, also wore (he died in December 10, 1998, the same date of your article) other hats: one as First Monarch, King of the Kingdom of EnenKio and one as owner in allodium of Eneen-Kio Atoll (a.k.a. Enen-kio, Halcyon, Disclerta, Wake and several other names).

For you to state the Kingdom of EnenKio is "...another only-in- cyberspace country...", as you did in the above article, is not only a completely and categorically false statement, but it is a blatant sign of ignorance of the state of EnenKio. And, it is a blatant deceptive intrusion upon His Majesty King Hermios, the sovereign of EnenKio and Eneen-Kio Atoll, and an inexplicable and irresponsible abuse of your journalistic license -- unless, of course, your statement could be proved accurate.

I suggest you do a little more research, not only into the establishment and development of the Kingdom of EnenKio, but into the prehistoric history and more recent U.S. invasion of Eneen-Kio Atoll, properly named by 'Marshallese' centuries before arrival of colonial western powers and missionaries. Then I invite you to our Embassy in Honolulu to review the public files, all of which exist in hard copy (not 'cyberspace') and most of which are referenced or published at our official web address: Be sure to view the documents at our Resource Center which show, in many cases, full-color digitized letters of correspondence with the 59 or so states in the world, many of which are first world. In closing, I would simply appeal to your presumed sense of morality and ethics and request the referenced article be amended or corrected and that the link be added to the relevant paragraph cited above in the article.

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June 2, 1999- Sir: The following statement (in quotes) was copied from one of your Footnotes to History -D and E (disconnected as of 12/1/00). "Enenkio Atoll- In 1898, the United States annexed Wake Island, in the Marshall Islands of the western Pacific. After the Marshalls became a U.S. Trust Territory, the traditional chiefs of the area agitated for recognition that Wake Island was a part of the Marianas chain, and pressed their historical claims to the atoll, called Enenkio locally. The U.S. government has consistently ignored these claims. The protests took a sharper turn after the U.S. Congress in 1993 acknowledged the illegality a hundred years earlier of the establishment by Americans of the Republic of Hawai'i. King Murjel Hermios, who is paramount chief of an archipelago in the northern Marshalls, declared Wake Island's independence in 1987. The Marshalls recognized this claim shortly after the nation gained its independence. In return for his services as Minister Plenipotentiary in the United States, Hermios granted American businessman Robert Moore land on Taongi Atoll in the northern Marshalls, which Moore has declared the Dominion of Melchizedek."

Comment: With all candor, I cannot figure how such straight forward facts such as we have presented to the public and over the Internet since 1994 could have possibly been construed into the above referenced text. While I am pleased to find you have apparently taken a very serious interest (unless your site is intended as some twisted joke, which I am assuming is not the case) in the history of the Kingdom of EnenKio, I am aghast at how distorted, erroneous and misleading your summary is. As a consequence of my service to His Majesty King Remios and the people of EnenKio, I will respectfully offer the following line by line correction. For your convenience, your text will be set off (with "**") in color:

    • In 1898, the United States annexed Wake Island, in the Marshall Islands of the western Pacific.**

Correction: In 1898, the United States invaded Wake Island, the northernmost atoll -- actually named Eneen-Kio centuries before western explorers arrived -- of the Ratak chain of Marshall Islands in Micronesia and the Central North Pacific Ocean. The Author responds: "Rest assured that I did not mean to downplay the role of violence in the American acquisition of the territory."

    • After the Marshalls became a U.S. Trust Territory, the traditional chiefs of the area agitated for recognition that Wake Island was a part of the Marianas chain, and pressed their historical claims to the atoll, called Enenkio locally.**

Correction: Following W.W.II, the Trust Territories of the Pacific, which included the Marshall Islands, was placed under administration of the United States by the United Nations. While Eneen-Kio was well established as one of the Marshalls, the U.S. only knew it as Wake and, having lost many U.S. lives there in 1941 at the hands of Japanese invaders, kept control of it. In 1993, the Paramount Chief of the Ratak atolls pressed his clan's historical and lawful claim to the 3 islands of Eneen-Kio Atoll. The Author responds: "I don't see much conflict between the two versions here."

    • The U.S. government has consistently ignored these claims.**

Correction: The U.S. government has consistently ignored claims from the Marshall Islands government, which failed to exert a claim during its move to independence in 1979, and from the former traditional landowners, including Iroijlaplap Murjel Hermios. The Author responds: "I will note this."

    • The protests took a sharper turn after the U.S. Congress in 1993 acknowledged the illegality a hundred years earlier of the establishment by Americans of the Republic of Hawai'i.**

Correction: The Eneen-Kio claims gained some new momentum after precedents were set by the U.S. Congress, when in 1993 they acknowledged the illegality of the 1893 overthrow of the Monarch of the Kingdom of Hawai'i by a group of American businessmen and U.S. Marines, and in the following year returned the island of Kaho'olawe to the Hawaiian People.

    • King Murjel Hermios, who is paramount chief of an archipelago in the northern Marshalls, declared Wake Island's independence in 1987.**

Correction: King Murjel Hermios, who was Paramount Chief until his death in December 1998, declared the sovereign state of EnenKio in 1994, whereupon the people chose him as their King over Eneen-Kio Atoll, ratified the Constitution and established government as a limited constitutional monarchy. The Author responds: "I will make the necessary corrections here."

    • The Marshalls recognized this claim shortly after the nation gained its independence. In return for his services as Minister Plenipotentiary in the United States, Hermios granted American businessman Robert Moore land on Taongi Atoll in the northern Marshalls, which Moore has declared the Dominion of Melchizedek.**

Correction: After the death of the First Monarch, his brother Remios succeeded to the throne as Second Monarch and rules along with his brother, Crown Prince Lobadreo, over the Kingdom of EnenKio today.

To continue the commentary: The parts left out were either wrong or have nothing to do with the history of the Kingdom of EnenKio itself. Since HM King Remios also succeeded to Iroijlaplap of the northern Ratak atolls of the Marshall Islands, he also has responsibilities over 10 atolls, 2 islands and over 300 atoll islets. But that is another story, which has nothing directly to do with the Kingdom of EnenKio. I have offered this treatise in hopes that you will find the time to correct your site per my suggestions. Please feel free to contact me or view our pages at the address above. Thank you in advance for your attention and interest in this matter. The Author responds: "I imagine that you are asserting here that Moore's Melchizedek project (which can be located on the web through the Sources & Bibliography section of my web page) is non-existent. Be assured I will look further into\par this. Thank you again for your response, Captain Rydell. I should be posting a revised version of the page in the next week or so." (June 7, 1999)

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June 1, 1999: News Release Part One Background: On May 21, 1999, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic of the Marshall Islands posted a "press release" on the Internet at: http://www.yokwe.net/mboard/newsinfo/thread.cgi?67,0\cf0 (discontinued as of 12/1/00). The author, "Mr. Joseph Biglar, Undersecretary", is not known to us, has not heretofore communicated with the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio, nor with its Monarch, His Majesty King Remios, at any time and has no knowledge of any policies or state activities of EnenKio. There is no valid reason to assume that the said "press release" is indeed an official document.

The Republic of the Marshall Islands has perfect knowledge that representatives of the Kingdom of EnenKio, headed by His Majesty King Remios, on the basis of his proper and lawful authority, have the right and obligation to speak in support of the interests of certain persons, many of whom happen to be Marshallese nationals residing in the Marshall Islands.

Response to so-called "Press Release": This unprovoked attack upon His Majesty King Remios, Monarch of the Kingdom of EnenKio, by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic of the Marshall Islands is wholly false. It is also unjustifiably inflammatory and amounts to little more than an unquestionable confirmation of the predilection for infringement upon Marshallese sovereign rights exercised by the current administration of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, which has been confirmed by the U.S. State Department. (See: Human Rights Report)

This public posting shall serve as constructive notice to the Marshall Islands Government that any attempt to interfere in the business of His Majesty King Remios, Iroijlaplap of the Northern Ratak atolls of the Marshall Islands, or any acts, decisions, mandates, announcements or directives thereby, shall be met with definitive responses equal to the degrees of contravention.

The RMI is unequivocally cognizant that the Kingdom of EnenKio: » » exists as a sovereign state as defined by the Montevideo Convention (1933). » » was conceived as a separate independent state by its sovereign, Iroijlaplap Murjel Hermios, in 1987. » » was established by way of a public authority, the Constitution of the Kingdom of EnenKio Atoll, ratified in 1994 by its people. » » has negotiated diplomatic and trade treaties with many other states, including the Dominion of Melchizedek » » has asserted political and territorial jurisdiction over islands and seas which lie entirely outside and well beyond the area defined as - now quoting Mr. Biglar's statement - "RMI geographical and political boundaries." » » exercises authorities founded upon prehistoric traditional and matriarchal ancestral rights and titles bestowed, under the sacred heritage of Marshallese customary law (reinforced by the RMI Constitution), upon the acknowledged Iroijlaplaps of the Northern Ratak atolls, whose authority is certainly not subject to scrutiny by Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. » » has not subjugated, assigned or encumbered any of its political jurisdiction within its defined territorial boundaries of islands and seas of Eneen-Kio Atoll to the government or people of the Dominion of Melchizedek or to any other entity, including the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

Mr. Biglar is unequivocally cognizant that the Republic of the Marshall Islands: » » also exists as a sovereign state, defined by the Montevideo Convention (1933). » » was conceived as a separate state by (UN) foreign governments, which included the United States, China and the USSR. » » was also established under a public authority, the Constitution of the Marshall Islands, ratified in 1979 by its people. » » has no relations with EnenKio that allows RMI knowledge of anything that is not also public information and no such public information respecting relations with the Dominion of Melchizedek has ever been disseminated to harm the RMI to be condemned by Mr. Biglar. » » has no political or territorial jurisdiction over the islands and seas of Eneen-Kio Atoll, which was not incorporated into the RMI in 1979, nor subsequently incorporated by any act, law or mandate of any present or former Iroijlaplap or Monarch thereof and any statement to the contrary is fraudulent, as in the instant matter. » » exercises authorities founded upon the RMI Constitution, which does not incorporate nor authorize political jurisdiction over territorial boundaries that include the islands or seas of Eneen-Kio Atoll and any statement to the contrary is fraudulent, as in the instant matter. » » has refused to acknowledge the leadership of the Kingdom of EnenKio in their every attempt to get the RMI government to mitigate the suffering of people residing in the Ratak atolls, under jurisdiction of Iroijlaplap Hermios, and the RMI has rejected every suggestion to coordinate prospective relief efforts through the said Iroijlaplap Hermios.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic of the Marshall Islands is steadfastly advised that any unilateral statements or actions by the administration of the Republic of the Marshall Islands which purport, seek or serve to diminish or question the credibility, existence or authority of the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio in the conduct of its affairs of state, without legitimate authentication by a court of competent jurisdiction, are hereafter to be taken as deliberate acts of aggression upon the Monarch of the Kingdom, His Majesty King Remios, as Head of State, the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio and its people, and will be countered with appropriate responsive measures.

Furthermore, in light of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Republic of the Marshall Islands announcement concerning the Kingdom of EnenKio, your attention is respectfully directed to the following statement in the Preamble of the Constitution of the Marshall Islands, then you decide for yourself:

"With this Constitution, we affirm our desire and right to live in peace and harmony, subscribing to the principles of democracy, sharing the aspirations of all other peoples for a free and peaceful world, and striving to do all we can to assist in achieving this goal."

On behalf of His Majesty King Remios, we, administrators of the Kingdom of EnenKio, have wholeheartedly agreed to pursue the same goal for a free and peaceful world and have made no effort to the contrary. (See also: Report on RMI Mismanagement)

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News Release, Part Two, June 1, 1999

Part Two Background: The International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, 1998 (click on reference # 2 below) released by the Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, U.S. Department of State, Washington DC, February 1999, states as follows:

"Where Are OFCs Located? [Paragraph 4] Thus, it is now possible for an enterprising jurisdiction anywhere in the world to establish itself as an emerging OFC. The newest OFCs, e.g., Niue and the Marshall Islands, are now sprouting in remote areas of the world, such as the Pacific. Even more "remote" are mere figments of fertile imaginations such as the Dominion of Malchizedek (sic) or The Kingdom of Enenkio Atol (sic), both entirely fraudulent in intent and practice." [note: OFC = Offshore Financial Center]

Response: This unprovoked attack upon His Majesty King Remios, Monarch of the Kingdom of EnenKio, the sovereign state of EnenKio and its noble citizenry by the U.S. Department of State is a reprehensible categorically false challenge of the sovereignty of the Kingdom of EnenKio. It is also unjustifiably inflammatory and amounts to an unqualified felonious defamation of the international reputation of His Majesty King Remios, the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio and organs thereof.

The unmitigated audacity and arrogance of the United States to attempt to link the Kingdom of EnenKio with International Crime, narcotics trafficking, money laundering, tax evasion, international drug cartels, terrorists, bank fraud or any other sort of criminal activity, without even one microscopic fragment of substantive evidence to corroborate such deliberately nefarious statements is reprehensible in the least.

This public posting shall serve as constructive notice to the United States Government that any attempt to interfere in the business of His Majesty King Remios, Iroijlaplap of the Northern Ratak atolls of the Marshall Islands, or any acts, decisions, mandates, announcements or directives thereby, shall be met with definitive responses equal to the degrees of contravention.

Furthermore, this matter will not be resolved until the President of the United States issues a formal apology to His Majesty King Remios, along with the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio, and the Congress of the United States initiates a thorough investigation into the abuses of power, subversion of natural rights and illegal occupation by the United States of the islands and seas of Eneen-Kio Atoll. Congressional representatives to Hawaii, the nearest State of the United States to Eneen-Kio Atoll, and those of other states, have repeatedly been advised of the foregoing atrocities and conditions and have failed to respond in kind. The United States is obligated as the self-assured trustee of Pacific Island States in Micronesia to respond to the charges of "ethnic cleansing" and her responsibility to EnenKio is no less.

For further information and links to documents, see: EnenKio Documents http://www.state.gov/www/global/narcotics_law/1998_narc_report/ml_intro.html http://www.state.gov/www/global/narcotics_law/1998_narc_report/index.html


March 16, 1999: News Release The impact of the passing on December 10 of His Majesty Murjel Hermios, First Monarch of the Kingdom of EnenKio, Iroijlaplap of the Northern Ratak Atolls of the Marshall Islands, beloved husband and father, was felt throughout the society. Flags were flown at half mast for a week in the Marshalls and for a a month at EnenKio Consulates around the world. His remains were interred in a remote site reserved for the highest ranking chiefs, according to Marshallese custom.


His Majesty King Remios Hermios

Second Monarch of the Kingdom of EnenKio

He was succeeded to the throne by his younger brother, Remios, who will formally accept the staff of authority as Second Monarch, titular Head of State of the Kingdom of EnenKio in ceremonies being planned. His Majesty Remios Hermios was a retired educator in the Marshalls and maintains a home in the Ratak Atolls. His successor is designated to be his brother, HRH Crown Prince Lobadreo Hermios.


For further information, contact the State Secretary back on the home page.

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March 1999 -- Comments to readers from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Subject: A "State of War" Declaration

The Kingdom of EnenKio recognizes that an unresolved conflict of interests exists between it and the United States Government. The United States government, admittedly at a time of colonial expansionism, appears to have violated the laws of nature and The Law of Nations in "taking possession" of sovereign property in the Northern Ratak State, which then had formal treaties with the Republic of Germany. The explicitly immoral and illegal 1899 seizure of Marshallese homeland by agents of the federal government was the start of present day sentiments of deprivation of rights and dispossession of lands felt by many Marshallese. Because of continual neglect misrepresentation and outright exploitation, these scars on Marshallese society have not healed.

Thus a current state of adversity exists. Following four years of attempts to cause the United States to evaluate the plight of the Marshallese of the Northern Ratak imposed by its actions with respect to Wake Island, the government of EnenKio, on behalf of the Marshallese King, issued the "'State of War', a Declaration" and broadcast it to the world. The people were displaced from their native lands and kept as virtual prisoners of war, not by virtue of being kept in, but by virtue of being kept out. It was through this pragmatic initiative that the Kingdom of EnenKio solicited support to heal the wounds inflicted upon the people and peacefully restore what was wrongfully taken from the ancestors of the Ratak Paramount Chief, King Murjel Hermios.

In retrospect, the Declaration has had little visible effect. While a state of adversity does exist, the hope for American recognition of past wrongs remains on the horizon. The Kingdom of EnenKio does not condone nor tacitly sanction any act of belligerence by any person or agent of any government. Such unnecessary means would diminish any hope of mutual reconciliation and could diplomatically undermine the cause of peace within the family of nations. The Kingdom of EnenKio also does not wish to see any further damage to the remnant happiness of the Marshallese people.

While the Kingdom of EnenKio continues to seek accountability of the U.S. Congress to obey its own laws, to conform to the UN Charter, conventions of the United Nations relating to self-determination, preservation of human rights and protection against human rights abuses, it believes accountability requires the U.S. to meet the pleas of the people oppressed by the conditions of this adversity. The refusal of the U.S. to meet its obligations, even to the extent that a simple discussion for resolution is held over the subject matter with representatives for the affected parties, perpetuates the adversity, turns a cold shoulder to the facts of abuse and ignores the rights of the Marshallese people to whom the U.S. pledged in good faith to execute the 1947 mandates of the United Nations and its members. Your understanding is appreciated.

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December 19, 1998: News Release Subject: Death of the Monarch of the Kingdom of EnenKio

The government has declared a period of national mourning on the occasion of the death of the first Monarch of the Kingdom of EnenKio, His Majesty King Murjel Hermios. Embassies, missions and regional posts are instructed to display the flag at half-staff until 11 January 1999. Memorial services, held in the Marshall Islands where HM Hermios made his home, mark the passing of one of the most unpretentious of traditional Marshallese leaders. His remains will be interred in a family plot on one of the outer islands he so loved.

Irooj Hermios was Head of State of the Kingdom of EnenKio, revered as Monarch over the islands of Eneen-Kio Atoll, esteemed as Iroijlaplap and High Chief of the Northern atolls of the Ratak Archipelago, beloved as our brother and trusted as a friend. His successor as Iroijlaplap is to be formally named by a Council of traditional leaders. Selection of a successor to the Monarchy of the Kingdom is in process and will be announced at a later date. In the interim, a Reagent will serve as Head of State.

HM Hermios followed a long line of matriarchal predecessors as Iroijlaplap. Aboriginal inhabitants of the islands today known as the Marshalls, part of Micronesia in the North Pacific Ocean and first discovered by European seamen in the 16th Century, were found to have a well-developed societal structure. Many nations have since, mostly by force, prevailed over the Marshall Islands, imposed unaccustomed western ideals upon her populace and ravaged her islands of resources and beauty. Today this area is commonly known as Wake atoll and is illegally occupied by the federal government of the United States.

In one of the most courageous acts in recent times, Irooj Hermios clearly understood he had a mission to succeed where his predecessors in interest had failed to secure the islands, seas and lagoon of Eneen-Kio Atoll for his beloved people. (The account of his acts to establish the Kingdom of EnenKio as an island state, independent of the governments of the Marshalls and the United States, may be researched at the official Internet site.

On behalf of the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio, we are extremely grateful for his dedication to the people of the Marshall Islands and are personally moved by the memory of a man who will surely one day be recognized as having a legacy of furthering the interests of his people by the setting of processes in motion to re-establish Marshallese domination over Eneen-Kio Atoll. We are saddened that our brother has passed without his seeing the fruits of his devotion to Marshallese ancestry and traditions. In lieu of flowers, mourners may contact the mission at the address above or call (808) 373-9254. Sincerest best wishes for the holiday season and the coming New Year are extended to all in Peace. News Article

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July 14, 1998: Communiqué to Correspondents Recent articles defaming the government of the Kingdom of EnenKio have been maliciously published under the guise of a Marshall Islands government warning against "fraudulent claims". We have once more admonished the writer of the articles in the Marshall Islands for disregarding indisputable facts which clearly discredit his biased report. We urge you to disregard all discourse in the media regarding the Kingdom of EnenKio which are not validated. To that end, you are cordially invited to contact this office with your specific questions or concerns. For your advice, the following statement was issued by the State Secretary of the Kingdom in reply:

The Kingdom has never knowingly made any fraudulent claim whatsoever. No claim we have made has ever been shown to be fraudulent, nor has any claim ever come under or faltered from a challenge by anyone anywhere in the world. We are working vigorously to regain occupation of the ancestral property of HM King Hermios, to resolve the virtual "state of war" that exists with the United States government and to be accepted as an honorable state among nations.

The Kingdom does not pretend to be (quoting from the report) "asserting authority over land ...within the geographical and political boundaries..." of the RMI. We are however striving to expel the armed imperialistic invasion forces of the United States from the shores of Eneen-Kio Atoll so natural Marshallese supremacy can be re-establish there. As to allegations of fraud and constitutional violation, no one has dared to come forward with any such a charge. We say, let the issue be played out in the People's venue for the record, not in a libelous weekly publication. While we do not wear our brief history on our shirtsleeves, our raison d'être is clearly mandated in the Preamble to the Constitution of EnenKio, which can be seen at our web site: http://www.enenkio.wakeisland.org

Referencing the news article in the Marshall Islands Journal entitled "Kingdom of EnenKio sets up in New Zealand," of May 1st, the editor was advised, contrary to his report, that neither passports nor driver licenses can be purchased from the Kingdom's web site. The Kingdom of EnenKio DOES NOT SELL PASSPORTS! If you have evidence to the contrary, our Foreign Ministry would appreciate your furnishing it to them so steps can be taken immediately to investigate the matter. You are advised if anyone sells or offers to sell an EnenKio passport, that such an act is patently illegal.

The published statement, "The group ...claims to represent Iroijlaplap Murjel Hermios and the atolls of the Ratak chain...", is wholly false. I have explained this matter to the editor on several prior occasions and ample information is available at our Internet site to refute the statement. The Kingdom does not represent any area outside of its territorial boundaries, as the Ratak atolls surely are. Contrary to their libelous statements, the Kingdom of EnenKio was not "created" by Robert Moore and he is not a "Honolulu-based attorney."

HM King Murjel Hermios is the acknowledged hereditary Iroijlaplap of the northern Ratak atolls and is also First Monarch of the Kingdom, not of his own choice, but by a legal process and free choice of our citizens who participated in the founding of the nation in 1994. Such a noble and peaceful beginning is not too uncommon in world history. "Enenkio" [sic] (actually Enen-kio or Eneen-Kio, in reference to the atoll itself) is the first Marshallese name for a Marshallese atoll located roughly 300 miles north of Bok-ak (Taongi) Atoll. "Wake" is a fictitious moniker applied to the re-discovered Eneen-Kio Atoll by unknown western society writers.

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May 4, 1997: News Release Subject: Issuance of Gold Stamps

The government of the Kingdom of EnenKio proudly announces commissioning of its Inaugural Issue of Gold Stamps. This announcement, made at the First Sunday Hawaii Stamp, Coin and Postcard Show May 4th, was the first pre-publication public notice of the issuance of Gold Stamps by the Kingdom. Stamps are expected to be off the presses by early June 1997. First day covers with new stamps affixed and postmarked official "First Day of Issue" by the Kingdom will be available for a limited time following the dates of release. Distributors, dealers and collectors are encouraged sign up as a charter member of the EnenKio Philatelic Mint mailing list.

BACKGROUND - The Kingdom was established in March 1993, and the government was chosen by the people, who then ratified the constitution in September 1994. However, due to U.S. military activities on the island and the presence of armed occupation forces, the government of the Kingdom lingers in "exile". Several nations have extended recognition of the sovereignty of the Kingdom, documents of citizenship are being issued and legations are located in Europe, South America, USA and elsewhere.

A NATION IN CONFLICT - The land in question, commonly known as Wake Island, is actually an atoll comprised of three small islands assigned names of westerners who visited them: Wake, Wilkes and Peale. Few people in the world today are aware that the native discoverers who named the atoll Eneen-Kio lived in the Marshall Islands, exercised constant jurisdiction and made regular use of it as a living food pantry and cultural site. By way of developing the atoll as a nation, the government is asserting that it is the indisputable holder of allodial title to "Wake" atoll and has the right to exercise its sovereignty at the will of the people. The United States of America began in a similar fashion not with a peaceful transition from colonial status. Lawful return of the land is grounded upon the legal precedent set by Congressional apology to Hawaiians for the 1893 overthrow of the Monarchy.

"STATE OF WAR" - By way of an official March 1997 Declaration sent to top U.S. officials, the Kingdom of EnenKio has acknowledged that a virtual "state of war" now exists over the islands on account of the blatant acts of aggression and illegal armed invasions by troops from United States warships. The primary objective of the notice was to request a Congressional investigation into actual events and related factors surrounding the federal seizure of islands in the North Pacific Ocean by the United States. Calls to end U.S. operations, vacate the atoll and negotiate return of the islands to jurisdiction of the Kingdom have fallen on deaf ears. Despite repeated notices, letters and legal advertising, all major news media have consistently ignored the events and failed in their duty bring forth the truth to the people of the world regarding alleged incidents of piracy, waste and human rights violations by federal agents of the United States government.

INAUGURAL ISSUE - The Gold Stamps are based on events of the past and dreams for the future of peace in the global community as the millennium nears. For that reason, the universal gold standard was chosen as the basis for evaluation. Since the relative value of gold in world markets varies according to the value and stability of national currency units, the stamps will similarly reflect changes in price when purchased with any particular currency. However, the real or intrinsic value of the stamps will remain as constant as gold. The extrinsic value will be determined by philatelic collectors around the world. Note: Stamps are printed on paper stock, do not contain gold metal and are not intended for use as money.

CLOSING COMMENTS - The government of the Kingdom appeals to all people from every peaceable nation in the world to recognize the Kingdom of EnenKio as a sovereign nation promoting peace in the Pacific region. In doing so, it seeks a peaceful resolution o f the "state of war" with the federal government of the United States and asks that everyone with human rights concerns use their influence accordingly. The proceeds from the sale of Gold Stamps will help fund the restoration of the Kingdom and end the conflict in peace.

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March 31, 1997: News Release An official document entitled A Declaration, was sent March 22 to top Executive and Legislative officials in the federal government of the United States, including selected Cabinet members. The document asserts that: "A STATE OF WAR EXISTS OVER THE KINGDOM OF ENENKIO ATOLL BY WAY OF ACTS BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES." This is the most recent attempt to captivate the attention of the federal government. One of the primary objectives of this action is to bring about a Congressional investigation into the true events and factors surrounding the illegal seizure of islands in the North Pacific Ocean by the United States.

This latest position statement is one in a succession of dozens of disclosures, statements, letters and legal actions taken since the government of the Kingdom was established in March 1993, each with similar objectives. Calls for the U.S. to cease operations, vacate the premises, negotiate return of the island to the King, apologize and compensate him for use, abuse and illegal hold-over following legal action have all failed to receive cognizance or reply from the federal government. Likewise, despite repeated notices, letters and legal announcements, major news media have consistently ignored the events and failed in their duty bring forth the truth to the people of the world regarding the alleged piracy, arrogance and human rights violations by the United States.

The land in question, commonly called Wake Island, is comprised of three small islands, Wake, Wilkes and Peale, named by "Western explorers" for Western persons. What of the native discoverers? The crux of the issue is that despite the passage of ownership via a complex Matriarchal land tenure system for over two millennia with jurisdiction by the aboriginal chiefs of the Northern Ratak atolls of Marshall Islands, the United States seems to believe it is justified in having seized the atoll in 1898, and again in1899. Historical records reveal that the multiple landings by United States warships, en route to the Philippines on war missions, and subsequent Congressional action, were the sole basis of the U.S. claim. The motivation was said to be for the establishment of a cable station to improve communications with its marauding troops in the East. Such a station was never established at Wake Island. It was destined to become a military installation.

However, formal protests of the seizure was sent to the U.S. President by the German Consul in the Marshall Islands and some measure of correspondence followed. But since the U.S. abandoned the area without establishing a colony or cable station and Germany was defeated in the first World War, the objections fell into oblivion. It is understood from written accounts of oral Marshallese culture and traditions, that jurisdiction and use of the atoll by natives continued. The U.S. did not establish a settlement there until, under a lease in 1934, the CAA (predecessor of the FAA) allowed Pan American Airways to build a base for its fleet of trans-pacific seaplanes. Clearly, the so-called annexation by the U.S. is grossly flawed, the occupation patently illegal and its "ownership" is held therefore to be wholly invalid.

When the U.S. Congress apologized for the overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy in 1993 and the U.S. Navy subsequently returned culturally significant land to the "natives" of Hawaii, a landmark legal precedent was thus set for comparable action with respect to the return of Wake Island. The islands of Eneen-Kio, as the northernmost atoll in the Ratak chain, played a very significant role in the culture and religion of Micronesians living in the more "hospitable" islands of the Marshall group. While not being used for Navy target practice as Kaho'olawe was, the use of the islands of Eneen-Kio Atoll and the military mission at Wake Airfield are decidedly without substantial merit and whereby activities take place in secrecy, devoid of scrutiny, oversight or quintessential knowledge by the American public.

Even after cultural intervention in the mid 1800s by Christian Missionaries, natives continued to use Eneen-Kio, authority to go there being issued by the Ratak Iroijlaplap (Paramount Chief). King Murjel Hermios holds that title today. By way of developing the atoll in sovereignty as a nation, the government is thereby indisputable holder of the allodial title to Wake Island. The U.S. cannot produce a title. The Hermios ancestral lineage, passage of title through the ages from aboriginal inhabitants and discoverers, who gave the atoll its Marshallese name, their continual use and legacy of jurisdiction secures the rights of ownership.

Upon the basis of events and actions by the United States, the administration of the Kingdom of EnenKio, by virtue of the Declaration, "yields to the recognition that a State of War" exists over the island nation. This is not, however, to be viewed as a waiver of rights or unconditional surrender. Sovereignty and independence of the Kingdom, over all other claims, is forthrightly reasserted. The belief is that truth and law is on the side of the Kingdom and that reckless abuse of power and a trail of human rights violations are chronicled upon the record of U.S. "ownership" and occupation. Native North Americans are all too well acquainted with this brand of federal brutality when it comes to seizure of land and denial of rights.

In the Declaration, demands are made as follows: » » "...to come to the table of peace to negotiate an honorable accord for the survivors of the said STATE OF WAR...". » » "If unwilling to voluntarily negotiate for peace, to submit to Impartial international arbitration of the terms for surrender and WAR reparations to citizens." » » "...to cease and desist, effective immediately, all and every action of every kind in or on EnenKio Atoll or within the 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zone..." » » "...to pay that certain debt, perfected and established in commerce by failure the Department of the Interior » » "...to lawfully respond to proper legal notices of more than TWENTY-SEVEN consecutive months and most recently referenced by a Certified Invoice, No. 97-US-03, dated March 10, 1997, for which it is obligated to pay." » » That the "...Congress of the United States is obliged to immediately impanel an impartial body for the purpose of investigating the atrocities committed in the case of the violations of human rights and due process...".

The government of the Kingdom solicits every other sovereign peaceable nation in the world to give effective and adequate recognition to the Kingdom of EnenKio Atoll as an Independent Nation under God. It seeks a peaceful resolution of the state of war with the federal government of the United States and asks them to use their influence accordingly. Appeals are being made to the United Nations. News Article

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February 6, 1995: News Release On behalf of His Majesty, King Murjel Hermios, Monarch of EnenKio Atoll, titular head of State, Paramount Chief (Iroijlaplap) of the northern atolls of the Ratak archipelago of Pacific Ocean Islands of the Marshall Islands, I bid you a warm Marshallese greeting -- Yokwe!

The purpose of this notice is twofold: First, to admonish those of you to whom word of the referenced issues were made known, then failed to take action; Second, to encourage you to whom this presents to take appropriate action in disseminating reports on this issue. As long as you remain quiet, safely removed from the potential controversy insidiously lurking beneath the surface of one issue about which the federal government of the United States remains resolutely silent, your anonymity and that of your publication is well served.

Summary of Events 1993-94: Two official press releases have been made regarding the establishment of a new island nation in the Pacific Ocean, EnenKio, formerly known as Wake Island. The first was issued on February 25, 1994. It followed two announcements: 1) officials of the US Air Force at Hickam AFB, Hawaii said in articles published New Year's Eve and Day in both Honolulu newspapers that the USAF no longer wanted to maintain Wake Island airfield and wanted to turn it over to Interior Department or another military organization by 1 February and abandon it by 1 October, 1994; 2) US Army Space and Strategic Defense Command of Huntsville, Alabama issued an Environmental Impact Assessment for a proposed missile launch program out of Wake Island; part of the "star wars" program, I am led to believe.

An emergency meeting of the leaders of the future nation of EnenKio was held and it was decided that earlier efforts to bring the atoll under the jurisdiction of Hawaii would be abandoned in favor of affirmation of independence, thus seeking self-rule under the natural landowner as king. Letters to Mr. Clinton, members of Congress, U.S. Army and the first press release proclaimed the status of ownership of EnenKio (Wake I., Peale I., Wilkes I.), denounced the Army's so-called "no significant impact" scheme to fire more than 800 rockets of an undisclosed nature into and over the waters of the Marshall Islands (including its sanctuaries for turtles and birds) and asserted rightful ownership claims.

On March 21, 1994, a formal resolution was executed establishing the nation of EnenKio as an independent nation under the authority of His Majesty Murjel Hermios, who had granted special power of attorney to Mr. Robert Moore, appointed Minister Plenipotentiary. The Constitution, Succession Act and other documents were thereafter drafted.

On September 30th, a formal Declaration of Sovereignty was signed into law by Ministers and selected delegate citizens, believing (as did the USA founding fathers) that such power was an inherent right of the people. It declared the Kingdom of EnenKio a sovereign independent peaceful nation, it acknowledged His Majesty, King Murjel Hermios as owner in allodium of the atoll, accepted him as Head of State and embraced the Constitution as the founding document for a form of democratic government.

Documents and letters were sent to numerous nations of the world proclaiming the above actions. Formal documents of recognition were presented, offer of diplomatic ties made and support for reciprocation requested. Copies of pertinent documents were forwarded to the United Nations, UN Security Council, NATO, South Pacific Commission and others. Letters of personal appeal were sent to UN leaders. A special request for protection and assistance was sent to the UN Security Council.

On October 10th, a commercial affidavit and demand for payment was sent via certified mail to federal officers of the United States regarding the illegal January 17, 1899 seizure, under force of arms, of the islands of Eneen-Kio Atoll, the adverse occupation and continued disregard of international Human rights law, UN Charter terms and terms of the Compact of Free Association with the Republic of the Marshall Islands (Public Law 99-239; January 14, 1986). Having acknowledged receipt and failing to respond within a reasonable time, the U.S. is now in default under commercial law, owing in excess of US$100 million.

The second official press release was issued on November 21, 1994, relating the preceding events. Of all the agencies to whom it was sent, only two, the Marshall Islands Journal, a weekly newspaper and Islands Business Pacific magazine are known to have mentioned the story, then only briefly.

Request for Media Response: The thirst of the media for copy on topics outside of natural calamities, treed cats and daily courtroom chronicles of violence and deception seems seriously lacking. Is not the peaceful beginning of a new nation news any more? Is not the restoration of native rights of an aboriginal society whose roots reach into antiquity (to before the birth of Jesus) worth a little journalistic investigation? How about suspicions of insidious military-sanctioned activity which threatens the security and peaceful existence of nations of the Pacific in the name of "world leadership"? Or is it world domination?

People of EnenKio have a few simple requests of you, the media, in an effort to draw international attention to this issue and thereby, hopefully shorten the delay in regaining active occupation of islands of their ancestral heritage:

1. Investigate and verify the circumstances of the illegal armed invasion supported by U.S. expansionism and subsequent improper annexation of the sacred islands of Eneen-Kio Atoll, then being utilized by sailors, hunters and chiefs of the Marshallese civilization and for at least 2000 years prior to the 1899 fiasco. (Note: These facts and validity of the Hermios claim are a matter of historical record, not a fabrication.)

2. Investigate and/or verify the circumstances of any evidence of specific beneficial use and U.S. policy, past and present, or the lack thereof, with regard to the role of EnenKio . (Note: It is my understanding Wake was "decommissioned" after the so-called "processing" of thousands of South Vietnamese refugees in the late 1970s).

3. Reflect on the contrasting history of U.S. occupation, war, technological advances, in light of modern attitudes about misdeeds against native peoples and the willingness of our people to develop serious national economic programs for the benefit of all mankind.

4. Respectfully and conscientiously broadcast the credibility of the king's claim of allodial title, the declaration of rights of the citizens of EnenKio to self-determination and the commitment by their government and leaders to promulgate their mandates in a responsible and fiscal manner.

5. Bring to light U.S. strategy with regard to the implementation of questionable and costly pet programs involving nuclear proliferation, offensive/defensive weapon systems, clandestine military research, environmental pollution and whatever else is going on there. (Note: Congress and certain federal agencies have promoted use of Wake Island and environs as platform for launching and testing hundreds of rockets and missiles, a federal prison for drug offenders and other less publicized projects.)

6. Fully disclose to the people of the United States U.S. strategy with regard to the denial of possession of lawful title to Eneen-Kio Atoll by King Hermios as a consequence of natural inheritance via time-honored and respected Marshallese matriarchal traditions, disregard for Human rights protected under international law, United Nations Charter and conventions and the U.S. Compact with the Marshall Islands and refusal to acknowledge liability for acts of piracy on the high seas of military and colonial expansionism of the nineteenth century. (Note: U.S. apology for the illegal armed overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy the prior year and the return of the Hawaiian island, Kaho'olawe, also of religious significance, has set precedents for the action demanded by EnenKio citizens.)

Parting Shot: What truly concerns me is the cavalier attitude of government in general, the U.S. federal government more precisely, which somehow behaves as if endowed by a divinely inspired alchemy that conveys the right to rearrange lands, cultures and economics with out the slightest inclination to counsel with those people most concerned. Such an approach might be expected in some dictatorship in some distant corner of the globe, but considering its present source, it is downright alarming. It is worthwhile to mention here that despite a prominent trail left over the course of more than two years, letters, reports, forms, published articles, press releases, legal notices, documents and virtually every action initiated by those representing King Hermios have escaped official response from officers of the U.S. federal government.

Our not-too-distant past is replete with examples of the insatiable thirst of western "civilized" nations for doctrines faithful to the cry of "manifest destiny" which clearly marked American foreign policy of a century ago. If this current trend signifies a resurgence, it can only be considered a giant leap backward, considering the flimsy record of American attempts at "fixing up the world". The title of ownership and inheritance of Eneen-Kio Atoll pre-dates formation of the United States by two centuries or more. It is time the significance of native cultures and recognition of their right to self-determination is elevated from matters of scientific discourse to mainstream political involvement in determining the future course of human endeavor. People have a right to know; the media a responsibility to show them.

In conclusion, I reiterate that our focus, from my point of view, is one, not so much of opposition to the ominous might of U.S. political philosophy and military prowess, but of asserting the moral imperatives for correcting errors of the past, supporting restoration of Human cultural dignity and the unobstructed observance of God-given individual rights.

Thank you for your support and cooperation in helping end the siege and forced exile of our proud citizenry.

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November 21, 1994: News Release In a bid to regain occupation of that portion of his ancestral lands which include Wake Island, site of a U.S. military outpost, His Majesty, King Murjel Hermios, through his legal representative, Minister Plenipotentiary, Robert Moore, the U.S. has been given the boot out of Wake Island. Moore served legal notice on top U.S. government officials in October 1994 to cease all activity and leave the islands. The filing came on the heels of a five-year struggle to gain recognition of the illegal seizure of islands (owned by predecessors of King Hermios) by the gun boat, USS Bennington in 1899.

The legal document, a Commercial Affidavit, Declaration of Fair Value and Demand for Payment, was served under recognized principles of Common Law and International Commercial Codes. It details the specifics of King Hermios' ancestral rights to Wake Island, the illegality of the U.S. claim and violations of native laws, International Agreements and human rights during their 95-year hold on the Hermios property. It also establishes default, recognized under law, by reason of failure to answer the sworn claims, thereby allowing the Hermios claim to stand valid before the law as unchallenged. Under those claims, demand was made for payment of 94.7 million dollars for past use of the land. Continued use and holdover of the atoll will add 5 million dollars per month through 1995.

While putting forth the appearance of advocating human rights, U.S. officials continue to ignore issues right in their own backyard which keep King Hermios and the citizens of EnenKio living in compulsory exile.

Eneen-Kio Atoll, a name derived from Marshallese traditions involving a small orange (kio) flower found there, is made up of 3 islands, including Wake. Predecessors in interest of King Hermios, aboriginal chiefs and islanders sailed native canoes to Eneen-Kio Atoll for religious and cultural purposes as much as 500 years BC.

During the colonial invasion of Pacific islands, western traders and explorers consistently ignored the native traditions and rights of the real discoverers of those fragile and isolated bits of sand, the islanders themselves. A case in point is in that of the Hawaiians, who recently gained an apology from the U.S. Congress and President Bill Clinton for the illegal U.S. government overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy.

King Hermios is presently acknowledged as the hereditary Paramount Chief (Iroijlaplap) of all the Northern Atolls of the Ratak Archipelago of the Marshall Islands, which terminates to the north, beyond Eneen-Kio Atoll. Mr. Moore has full authority to act on the King's behalf to rid the islands of their illegal and unwanted Occupation Forces in favor of restoring the King's assertion of his native allodial rights. Most recently occupying and holding the islands are agents of the U.S. Air Force command, 15th Logistics Group, Hickam AFB, Hawaii.

Nearly identical articles published in the Star Bulletin and Honolulu Advertiser on December 31, 1993 and January 1, 1994 headlined: "Air Force willing to give up its hold on Wake Island" and stated: "Not much activity there anymore, so the Air Force wants to give up control". According to some theories thought to have reliable foundation, private entities or other government agencies are fighting for control behind a stonewall of apathy, denial and contempt for traditional ancestral heritage of King Hermios, his predecessors and people.

Mr. Moore is also charged with the responsibility of bringing the nation under active jurisdiction of its own independent government, to initiate and administer to its citizens, promote economic development and to direct all affairs of State. The democratic government is established as a limited constitutional monarchy and is being directed by its Executive Council.

Since 1987, despite repeated efforts to resolve the conflict and the effects of a stroke, Mr. Moore has been unsuccessful in getting any substantive reply from officers of the United States, military officers and members of Congress. The following is a summary of some of the recent letters, inquiries and statements of claims made on behalf of the lawful and rightful landowner, King Murjel Hermios:

» » Formal letters to President Clinton and Vice-President Al Gore in February 1993, requesting consideration under programs promised in their campaign for economic conversion of old military bases were ignored. As a military base, Wake Airfield was "decommissioned" more than a decade ago. » » In response to the Environmental Assessment of the proposed Theater Missile Defense Rocket Launch Activities, formal letters of protest sent to the Pentagon and U.S. Army officials, who contemplated launching hundreds of missiles from Wake Island over several years into the waters of the Marshall Islands, went unanswered. » » Letters to members of the U.S. Congress protesting rocket launch activities and requesting help went unanswered. » » A Resolution dated March 21, 1994 was signed which declared the status of EnenKio to be that of an independent nation under the administrative jurisdiction of King Murjel Hermios. It was likewise ignored.

After waiting for more than 580 days since "formal" notification of the declared status of EnenKio and having heard no objection from the United States, Mr. Moore assembled the Ministers of the Executive Council. They, along with a few involved citizens living in exile and denied access to Eneen-Kio, formally passed and signed the Declaration of Sovereignty on September 30, 1994. They also accepted the draft of the Constitution which establishes the democratic principles of government recognizing His Majesty, King Murjel Hermios as Head of State and his family as the First Royal Family of EnenKio .

While the King and his people bear no ill will against the multitudes of foreign invaders of Eneen-Kio Atoll, which over the centuries included agents of the Emperor of Japan, the Emperor of Germany, and the King of Spain, they believe the time has come to acknowledge the errors of the past, correct the conditions thereby produced and move on into the future in support of the sacred principals of Truth, Honor and Peace. Those principals are embodied in the Constitutions of EnenKio and of the United States.

Those tenets were likewise embodied, affirmed and ratified by the U.S. Congress in Public Law 99-239 (Jan. 14, 1986), signed by President Ronald Reagan as the Compact of Free Association with the Marshall Islands and Federated States of Micronesia. The compact acknowledges superiority of all Marshallese "natural" rights, including those of ownership and use of land.

Still mindful of the terrible threat of extraordinary U.S. military might and the willingness to use it against even the smallest of nations (e.g. Grenada, Haiti, Cuba, Hawaii, etc., etc.), Mr. Moore, other Ministers and the citizens of EnenKio are determined to peacefully displace the U.S. Occupation Forces and reassert the jurisdiction of His Majesty, King Murjel Hermios. Filing the Commercial Affidavit document was the first major legal step in a series of actions that could end up in International Court of Justice in The Hague, Netherlands.

In an effort to garner support for the repatriation of her citizens, the restoration of democratic control of EnenKio and to gain international recognition of the innumerable native rights violations against the Sovereign and his forebears, the Ministers of EnenKio have sent documents of Notice and request for assistance to the United Nations Security Council, the South Pacific Commission, similar organizations and to the governments of most other nations of the world.

It is hoped that mutual recognition of sovereignty and the establishment of diplomatic ties will invite the willful withdrawal of U.S. troops and relinquishment of their unfounded territorial claims. At the same time, Mr. Moore, in the service of His Majesty, King Murjel Hermios, wishes to inform all of the people being held at Wake Island by force of arms or by contract, that asylum will be offered to them. A similar offer is made to all Marshallese descendants who desire to become citizens of EnenKio. News Article: Islands Business Pacific News Article: Marshall Islands Journal

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Reply to: EnenKio

[edit] ULTRAM ER

About ULTRAM ER ULTRAM ER is an effective treatment approved by the FDA for the management of moderate to moderately severe chronic pain in adults who need around-the-clock treatment of their pain for an extended period of time. Here's why ULTRAM ER is different: Once-a-day dosing. The once-daily formulation of ULTRAM ER means you only need to take it once every 24 hours. Just take it at the same time every day. Made with SmartcoatTM. The ULTRAM ER extended-release tablets use SmartcoatTM technology for convenient, once-daily dosing. This technology releases tramadol at a steady rate, which allows you to benefit from sustained drug delivery throughout your day. Can be taken with or without food. ULTRAM ER can be taken on a full or empty stomach, as instructed by a doctor. Contains a widely prescribed pain medicine. ULTRAM ER contains a pain medicine called tramadol, which has been prescribed for a variety of pain conditions for over 10 years. Indication ULTRAM ER Extended-Release Tablets are used for the management of moderate to moderately severe chronic pain in adults who require around-the-clock treatment of pain for an extended period of time. Important Safety Information Tell your healthcare professional if you have had an allergic reaction to tramadol or other opioids in the past. ULTRAM ER must be swallowed whole, and must not be chewed, crushed or split. Seizures have been reported in people taking tramadol, the medicine in ULTRAM ER. The risk of seizures is increased with doses of tramadol above the recommended range. Use of tramadol increases the risk of seizures in people taking antidepressants, other opioids, or other drugs that can cause seizures. Risk of convulsions may also increase in people with epilepsy or a history of seizures. Talk to your doctor if you are suicidal, or have a history of drug addiction. Also talk to your doctor if you are pregnant. ULTRAM ER should be used with caution in people taking medications such as tranquilizers, hypnotics or other opioids, or alcohol. ULTRAM ER may impair your ability to perform potentially hazardous tasks, such as driving a car or operating machinery. The most common side effects reported with ULTRAM ER were dizziness, nausea, constipation, sleepiness and feeling flushed.

[edit] The Shops at Mission Viejo

The Shops at Mission Viejo is a regional mall that includes anchors Nordstrom, Macy's (2), and Sak's Fifth Avenue. Previously known as "Mission Viejo Mall", this collection of medium to high-end shops underwent a major transformation in the late 1990's.

Soon after the Simon Group took control of the mall from the DeBartolo Corp. the property underwent a $150 million transformation. Prior to the overhaul the mall was dark, dated, and plagued by a high-vacancy rate. It's major tenants at the time were Robinson's May, Macy's and Montgomery Ward. The mall's tenant-mix had lost touch with the fast-growing population and income of South Orange County; the majority of the shops and restaurants shut their doors.

Simon Property Group set out plans for a major overhaul, attempting to reposition the shopping center as the premier upscale shopping and dining destination in South Orange County. They added department stores Sak's Fifth Avenue and Nordstrom to the existing anchor lineup of Macy's and Robinson's May. With premier anchors in place, and hugely successful restaurants The Cheesecake Factory and P.F. Chang's China Bistro locked in, other high-end and popular retail stores followed.

In 2006, Macy's purchase of Federated's Robinson's May created two Macy's locations at The Shops at Mission Viejo. Both locations have mirrored merchandise, with little differentiation between the two. It has been printed that the original Macy's building will close after the 2006 holiday season and converted into more mall tenant space.


[edit] Sources

Shopping Centers Today, October 1, 1999.

User:Tenan19 22:35, 1 November 2006 (UTC)


Gwen Jacob is the activist not Gwen Jacobs Gwen Jacobs page should be title Gwen Jacob


[edit] Sources

142.205.240.196 23:32, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Studyfriends: Studyfriends.com

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Studyfriends.com is a international student community which offers all the important features students need. Students can contact other students worldwide to ask questions about a topic, and can chat with a student who knows about a certain topic. Studyfriends.com also offers students internships and jobs of companies worldwide, students can find and offer rooms and they can find essays, theses and other study material in the Library. Studyfriends.com is the fast growing and unique international student community on the web.


The European Investment Bank says about Studyfriends.com: 'We have taken the time to read about your project and we wish to congratulate you and your "colleagues" for this brilliant idea'(e-mail contact, which can be shown on request), and the University of International Studies in Shanghai and the International Office of the University of Calgary are already cooperating. (can be checked at the website and e-mail contact can be shown on request)

Not done Voice-of-All 09:18, 10 November 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Alex Gutierrez

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[edit] Certificate of Quality

Where and how can I have a sample of "Certificate of Quality" of goods which a manufacturer/mill/producer usally use to certify technical specifications of products? Newone 12:30, 2 November 2006 (UTC)


Alex "Gutz" Gutierrez is one of the best hockey players to play the game, and yet is still relatively unknown. People have forgotten over time despite that he held many records, all of which were broken by that damn Wayne Gretzky guy, but only by a small margin. There are only a few players that one could compare him with and that is Wayne Gretzky, Pavel Bure, James Lowrey, and Brad Zimmerman.

[edit] Sources

67.190.156.223 23:53, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

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