Archestratus
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Archestratus (Archestratos) was an Ancient Greek poet of Gela, in Sicily, who wrote some time in the mid 4th century BCE. His humorous didactic poem Hedypatheia ("Life of Luxury"), written in classical Greek hexameters, seems to advise a gastronomic reader on where to find good food in the Mediterranean world. The poem had a certain notoriety among Greek readers in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC: it was referred to by the comedy authors Plato, Antiphanes and Lynceus of Samos and by the philosophers Aristotle, Chrysippus and Clearchus of Soli. In nearly every case these references are disparaging, implying that Archestratus's poem -- like the sex manual by Philaenis -- was likely to corrupt its readers. This attitude is exemplified in the Deipnosophistae with citations of Chrysippus:
This utterly admirable Chrysippus, in On Goodness and Pleasure book V, talks of: Books like Philaenis’s, and the Gastronomy of Archestratus, and stimulants to love and sexual intercourse, and then again slave girls practised in such movements and postures and specialising in the subject; and further on he says: studying all this and getting the books about it by Philaenis and Archestratus and the other writers of such stuff; and in book VII he says: one is therefore not to study Philaenis, or the Gastronomy of Archestratus, with the expectation of improving one’s life! Clearly, in quoting this Archestratus so often, you people have filled our banquet with indecency. Is there anything calculated to corrupt that this fine poet has failed to say?
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62 fragments from Archestratus's poem (including two doubtful items) survive, all of them in the form of quotations by Athenaeus in the Deipnosophistae. The poem was translated or imitated in Latin by Ennius. The standard edition of the fragments, with commentary and translation, is by Olson and Sens.
[edit] Bibliography
- Andrew Dalby, "Archestratos: where and when?" in Food in antiquity ed. John Wilkins and others (Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1995) pp. 400-412.
- S. Douglas Olson and Alexander Sens, Archestratos of Gela: Greek Culture and Cuisine in the Fourth Century BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. [Text, translation, commentary.]
- John Wilkins, Shaun Hill, Archestratus: The life of luxury. Totnes: Prospect Books, 1994. [Introduction, translation, commentary.] Online text of introduction
