Antonio Pigafetta
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Antonio Pigafetta (c. 1491 – c. 1534), was an Italian navigator born in Vicenza. He paid a large sum of money to accompany and assist the Portuguese captain Ferdinand Magellan and his Spanish crew on their trip around the world. He kept an accurate journal of the trip, which later assisted him in translating one of the Philippine languages, Cebuano. It is the first-ever document concerning this language.
Of some 260 men who set out with Magellan in 1519, Pigafetta was one of only 18 who returned to Spain in 1522, having completed the circumnavigation under the captainship of Juan Sebastián Elcano after Magellan's death.
His journal is the source for most of what we know about Elcano's voyage.
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[edit] Youth
Pigafetta belonged to a rich family of Vicenza. In his youth he studied astronomy, geography and cartography. He served on board the galleys of the Knights of Rhodes at the beginning of 16th century. Until 1519, he accompanied the papal nuncio, Monsignor Chieregati, to Spain.
[edit] Voyage
In Seville, he heard of the trip of Magellan, and negotiated to be admitted as a paying passenger. In spite of initial difficulties with Magellan, he managed to gain his confidence and served as his lenguaraz (translator) and cartographer.
During the trip, Pigafetta collected numerous data about geography, the climate, the flora, the fauna, and the inhabitants of the places that the expedition visited; his meticulous notes were to serve as invaluable documents to future explorers and cartographers, mainly due to his inclusion of nautical and linguistic data.
[edit] Return
In the battle in which Magellan was killed in Mactan, Philippines, Pigafetta was wounded. Nevertheless, he managed to recover and was among the 18 on board the Victoria, who accompanied Juan Sebastián Elcano on the return voyage to Spain.
Upon reaching port in Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Province of Cadiz) in September of 1522, three years after his departure, Pigafetta returned to Italy. He related his experiences in Relazione del Primo Viaggio Intorno Al Mondo (Report on the First Voyage Around the World), composed in Italian. It was published in Paris in 1525 and was not wholly published until the late eighteenth century. The original document, regrettably, is not preserved.
It was through the earlier account written by Maximilianus Transylvanus, published in 1523, however, that Europeans learned of the first circumnavigation of the globe. As Secretary to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Transylvanus had been instructed to interview the survivors of the voyage when Magellan’s surviving ship Victoria returned to Spain in September 1522.
Pigafetta was made a Knight of Malta.
He died in his native city in 1534.
[edit] External reference
- (Italian) Zip Text of Relazione
- Cebuano words recorded by Antonio Pigafetta in 1521 with the help of Henry the Black
