Angle notation

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Angle notation or phasor notation is a notation used in electronics using the ∠ sign. It is an abbreviation that arose due to the frequent occurrence of the expression ej φ and is used to describe phasors. Note that the phase angle φ is almost always written in degrees.

1 e^{j \phi} = \ang \phi \!\

Where φ is the phase angle, and j is the imaginary unit (-1)1/2. One can convert from polar form to rectangular form:

A\angle\phi=A\cos\phi+jA\sin\phi

and back again (with care to place the angle in the right quadrant) by:

R+jX=\sqrt{R^2+X^2}\angle{\arctan{(\frac{X}{R})}}

Where R is usually the resistance part of the impedance and X is usually the reactance.

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