Andrews Norton

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Andrews Norton (December 31, 1786-September 18, 1853) was, along with William Ellery Channing, the leader of mainstream Unitarianism of the early and middle nineteenth century. In his early career he helped to establish liberal Unitarianism, and stridently opposed harshly conservative Calvinism and Trinitarianism; but later in life he became the chief conservative Unitarian opponent of Transcendentalism. As a vocal and well-published theologian, he earned from some the joking title of "the Unitarian Pope."

He was born in Hingham, Massachusetts, son of Rev. John Norton. Norton graduated from Harvard in 1804 and continued as a graduate student and lecturer there and at Bowdoin College. In 1819 Harvard made him Dexter Professor of Sacred Literature, a position he held until 1830; he also served as Harvard College Librarian from 1813 to 1821.

Norton engaged in vigorous debates with George Ripley in 1836 and Ralph Waldo Emerson in 1838 (over Emerson's "Divinity School Address"). He opposed himself to the rise of Transcendentalism and insisted on the truth of the Biblical miracles.

[edit] External links

• Norton page from early-20th-century Cambridge History of English and American Literature
• Norton capsule biography from The Unitarians and the Universalists by David Robinson